Geol G308

Paleontology and Geology of Indiana

Department of Geological Sciences | P. David Polly 1

Name: _____________________________________

Lab Plants and Vertebrates

Assignment: Work with your fossil sites to produce classification of the taxa at the level covered in our labs. This classification will be due by Friday next week.

Plants Algae

Cycloscrinites dactyloides, Silurian, Hopkingon Fm., Jones Co. Iowa

Tracheophyta (vascular plants)

Spores, New Albany Shale Sporing bodies, Dugger Fm.

Department of Geological Sciences | P. David Polly 2

Lycophyta (club mosses)

Lepidodendron (trunks), Stigmaria (roots) Sigillaria

Sphenophyta (horsetails)

Calamites, Mansfield SS (stems) Annularia, Dugger Fm. (leaves) Calamostachys, Lower Black Coal (cones)

Department of Geological Sciences | P. David Polly 3

Pteridophyta (ferns)

Pecopteris, Indiana Pecopteris (fertile), Indiana Neuropteris, Indiana

Pteridospermophyta (seed ferns)

Alethopteris serlii, Posttsville Series (Pennsylvanian) St. Clair Pennsylvania Alethopteris ambigua, Pennsylvanian of Indiana University Sphenopteris fern foliage, Lower Black Coal

Progymnosperms

Archaeopteris, Devonian, Hancock, NY

Department of Geological Sciences | P. David Polly 4

Pinopsida (conifers)

Walchia, Abo Fm. New Mexico (Permian)

Department of Geological Sciences | P. David Polly 5

Plant Phylogeny

(from Doyle, JA. 1998. Phylogeny of vascular plants. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 29: 567-599).

Department of Geological Sciences | P. David Polly 6

Vertebrates

Conodonta

Jaw elements of lamprey-like early vertebrates

Astrapsids, Heterostraci

Vert fragments in sandstone, mid Ordovician, Harding Sandstone

Department of Geological Sciences | P. David Polly 7

Chondricthyes (Sharks, rays, and chimaeras)

Misc shark teeth (x4) Valmeyeran

Elasmobranchii (sharks), Xenacanthida

Xenacanth shark, Cannel Coal, Knox County, IL

Holocephali , Cochl iodontidae (chimaeras)

Deltodus Pavement shark, Salem Ls. Deltodus Pavement shark, Harrodsburg Ls. Cascades Park. Deltodus Pavement shark, Gosport, IN.

Department of Geological Sciences | P. David Polly 8

Osteichthyes (Bony Fish)

Actinopterygia (Ray-f inned f ish), Palaeonisciformes

Palaeoniscoid fish, Devonian, Old Red SS. Palaeoniscum friesenlebeni, Kupferschiefer

Tetrapoda (l imbed vertebrates)

Paleosauropus, Late Mississippian ichnogenus (trackway) (from Colbert and Schaeffer) See also trackway from Crane Naval Base on 2nd Floor

Department of Geological Sciences | P. David Polly 9

Early Vertebrate phylogeny: Cambrian through Devonian

Department of Geological Sciences | P. David Polly 10

Jawed f ishes (Gnathostomata), Si lur ian to Present

Department of Geological Sciences | P. David Polly 11

Tetrapods, Devonian to recent

from Coates MI, Ruta M, Friedman M. 2008. Ever since Owen: changing perspectives on the early evolution of tetrapods. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 39: 571-592.