geography generalizations shaped europe’s environment, economics, culture and political forms....
TRANSCRIPT
Geography Generalizations
• Shaped Europe’s environment, economics, culture and political forms.
• Oddly shaped peninsula w/ big and small islands, seas, bays, and gulfs
• Tempered climate due to place on globe and near water
• Large amount of navigable rivers, mountains, plateaus with extremely diverse landforms
Europe’s Latitude v. USEurope’s Latitude v. USEurope’s Latitude v. USEurope’s Latitude v. US
Former Soviet Region Compared in Former Soviet Region Compared in Latitude & Area with the United Latitude & Area with the United
StatesStates
Former Soviet Region Compared in Former Soviet Region Compared in Latitude & Area with the United Latitude & Area with the United
StatesStates
Satellite View of EuropeSatellite View of EuropeSatellite View of EuropeSatellite View of Europe
3,800 square miles3,800 square miles
RREEGGIIOONNSS
RREEGGIIOONNSS
Continents by Size Continents by Size (sq. km.)(sq. km.)Continents by Size Continents by Size (sq. km.)(sq. km.)
AsiaAsia 44,579,00044,579,000
AfricaAfrica 30,065,00030,065,000
North AmericaNorth America 24,256,000 24,256,000
South AmericaSouth America 17,819,00017,819,000
AntarcticaAntarctica 13,209,00013,209,000
EuropeEurope 9,938,0009,938,000
Oceania (incl. Oceania (incl. Australia) Australia) 7,687,000 7,687,000
Europe: A Europe: A Peninsula of Peninsula of Peninsulas?Peninsulas?
Europe: A Europe: A Peninsula of Peninsula of Peninsulas?Peninsulas?
OROROROR
A Peninsula of Asia?A Peninsula of Asia?A Peninsula of Asia?A Peninsula of Asia?
Europe:Europe: An Asian An Asian PeninsulaPeninsula??
Europe:Europe: An Asian An Asian PeninsulaPeninsula??
Northern PeninsulasNorthern PeninsulasNorthern PeninsulasNorthern Peninsulas
Jutland Peninsula
Scandinavian Peninsula
Southern PeninsulasSouthern PeninsulasSouthern PeninsulasSouthern Peninsulas
Iberian Peninsul
a
Italian Peninsul
a
Balkan Peninsul
a
AnatoleanPeninsu
la
CrimeanPeninsul
a
What’sWhat’sthethe
answeranswer????
What’sWhat’sthethe
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BBooddiieess
ofof
WWaatteerr
BBooddiieess
ofof
WWaatteerr Mediterranean Sea
North Sea
AtlanticOcean Baltic
Sea
BlackSea
AegeanSea
Adriatic Sea
TyrrhenianSea
Bay ofBiscay
Strait ofGibraltar
DardanellesStrait
ArcticOcean
English Channel
CaspianSea
The Mediterranean Sea: The Mediterranean Sea: Mare Mare NostrumNostrum
The Mediterranean Sea: The Mediterranean Sea: Mare Mare NostrumNostrum
2,400 miles long & 1,000 miles wide2,400 miles long & 1,000 miles wide
“ “Crossroads of 3 Continents”Crossroads of 3 Continents”Caesarea on the Caesarea on the
Israeli coastIsraeli coast
Strait of Gibraltar Strait of Gibraltar & the& the “Pillars of “Pillars of
Hercules”Hercules”
RRiivveerrss
RRiivveerrss Danube R.
Seine R.Rhine R.
Loire R.
Po R.
Tiber R.
Tagus R.
Thames R.
Elbe R.
Oder R.
Vistula R.
Dnieper R
.
Vo
lga R
.Don R.
Ebro R.
The Danube RiverThe Danube RiverThe Danube RiverThe Danube River
1770 miles1770 miles
The Danube RiverThe Danube RiverThe Danube RiverThe Danube River
Flows through the Flows through the 12 countries12 countries of Germany, Austria, of Germany, Austria, Slovakia, Hungary, Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Slovakia, Hungary, Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Slovenia, Bulgaria, Romania, and the Herzegovina, Slovenia, Bulgaria, Romania, and the Ukraine. Ukraine.
Where Buda Where Buda & Pest Meet& Pest MeetWhere Buda Where Buda & Pest Meet& Pest MeetBiking Biking
Along the Along the DanubeDanube
Biking Biking Along the Along the DanubeDanube
The Volga RiverThe Volga RiverThe Volga RiverThe Volga River
The longest river in Europe --> 2,300 miles.The longest river in Europe --> 2,300 miles.
The Volga RiverThe Volga RiverThe Volga RiverThe Volga River
The river is soThe river is so polluted that the polluted that the sturgeon catch has sturgeon catch has been decreased by been decreased by 60%. 60%.
Why are most Why are most of the capitals of the capitals of Europe on of Europe on
major riversmajor rivers????
Why are most Why are most of the capitals of the capitals of Europe on of Europe on
major riversmajor rivers????
Capitals on the Rivers Capitals on the Rivers (1)(1)Capitals on the Rivers Capitals on the Rivers (1)(1)
Paris, right bank of the SeineParis, right bank of the SeineParis, right bank of the SeineParis, right bank of the SeineLondon on the ThamesLondon on the ThamesLondon on the ThamesLondon on the Thames
Prague on the VltavaPrague on the VltavaPrague on the VltavaPrague on the Vltava Budapest on the DanubeBudapest on the DanubeBudapest on the DanubeBudapest on the Danube
Capitals on the Rivers Capitals on the Rivers (2)(2)Capitals on the Rivers Capitals on the Rivers (2)(2)
Berlin on the SpreeBerlin on the SpreeBerlin on the SpreeBerlin on the SpreeMoscow on the Moscow RiverMoscow on the Moscow RiverMoscow on the Moscow RiverMoscow on the Moscow River
Rome on the TiberRome on the TiberRome on the TiberRome on the Tiber Vienna on the DanubeVienna on the DanubeVienna on the DanubeVienna on the Danube
What’sWhat’sthethe
answeranswer????
What’sWhat’sthethe
answeranswer????
Answer:Answer:Answer:Answer:
They are They are Europe’s lifeline!Europe’s lifeline!
They are They are Europe’s lifeline!Europe’s lifeline!
MMoouuttaaiinnss
&&
PPeeaakkss
MMoouuttaaiinnss
&&
PPeeaakkss
Alps Mts.Pyrennes Mts.
Apennines Mts.
Dinaric Alps
Carpathian Mts. Caucasus Mts.
Ural M
ts.
Mt. Etna ^
Mt. Vesuvius ^Mt. Olympus ^
ElevationElevationElevationElevation
AlpsCarpathians
Caucasus
Urals
Pyrennes
Apennines
The AlpsThe AlpsThe AlpsThe Alps
Cover most of Switzerland, Austria, Cover most of Switzerland, Austria, andand parts of Italy and France. parts of Italy and France.
Mt. Blanc in the AlpsMt. Blanc in the AlpsMt. Blanc in the AlpsMt. Blanc in the Alps
Highest mountain in the Alps: 15,771 feetHighest mountain in the Alps: 15,771 feet
The Caucasus MountainsThe Caucasus MountainsThe Caucasus MountainsThe Caucasus Mountains
The origin of theThe origin of the word word CaucasianCaucasian..
TransylvaniaTransylvania in the Carpathian in the Carpathian MountainsMountains
TransylvaniaTransylvania in the Carpathian in the Carpathian MountainsMountains
Home of Home of Vlad TepešVlad Tepeš, the, the Drakul Drakul (“Count Dracula”)(“Count Dracula”)
Ural Mountains: “The Great Ural Mountains: “The Great Divide”Divide”
Ural Mountains: “The Great Ural Mountains: “The Great Divide”Divide”
Divides the European and Asian sections of Divides the European and Asian sections of Russia.Russia.
1500
mile
s
PPllaaiinnss
PPllaaiinnss
Northern European Plain
Steppes
Siberian Lowlands
The BENELUX CountriesThe BENELUX CountriesThe BENELUX CountriesThe BENELUX Countries
* BelgiumBelgium
* NetherlandsNetherlands
* LuxembourgLuxembourg
* BelgiumBelgium
* NetherlandsNetherlands
* LuxembourgLuxembourg
Holland’s DikesHolland’s DikesHolland’s DikesHolland’s Dikes
Amsterdam’s CanalsAmsterdam’s CanalsAmsterdam’s CanalsAmsterdam’s Canals
The The Netherlands:Netherlands:
The The “Dagger”“Dagger” Pointing at the Pointing at the
Heart of Heart of Britain!Britain!
The The Netherlands:Netherlands:
The The “Dagger”“Dagger” Pointing at the Pointing at the
Heart of Heart of Britain!Britain!
CCoommpplleetteedd
MMaapp
CCoommpplleetteedd
MMaapp
North Sea
AtlanticOcean Baltic
Sea
BlackSea
AegeanSea
Adriatic Sea
TyrrhenianSea
Bay ofBiscay
Strait ofGibraltar
DardanellesStrait
ArcticOcean
English Channel
CaspianSeaDanube R.
Seine R.Rhine R.
Loire R.
Po R.
Tiber R.
Tagus R.
Thames R.
Elbe R.
Oder R.
Vistula R.
Dnieper R
.
Vo
lga R
.Don R.
Ebro R.
Alps Mts.Pyrennes Mts.
Apennines Mts.
Dinaric Alps
Carpathian Mts. Caucasus Mts.
Ural M
ts.
Mt. Etna ^
Mt. Vesuvius ^Mt. Olympus ^
Siberian Lowlands
Northern European Plain
Steppes
Scand
inav
ian
Pen.
Jutland Pen.
Iberian Pen.
Crimean Pen.
Balkan Pen.
Anatolean Pen.
Peloponnesian Pen.
Italian Pen.
Eastern EuropeEastern EuropeEastern EuropeEastern Europe
Siberia --> Siberia --> PermafrostPermafrostSiberia --> Siberia --> PermafrostPermafrost
Average temperatures of January Average temperatures of January vary from 0 to -50°C, and in vary from 0 to -50°C, and in July from 1 to 25°C July from 1 to 25°C
150,000,000 population.150,000,000 population. A former “A former “gulaggulag”” Soviet prison camp. Soviet prison camp.
Trans-Siberian RailroadTrans-Siberian RailroadTrans-Siberian RailroadTrans-Siberian Railroad
Completed in 1905.Completed in 1905.
Trans-Siberian RailroadTrans-Siberian RailroadTrans-Siberian RailroadTrans-Siberian Railroad
TThe main line runs 5,785 miles.he main line runs 5,785 miles.
Europe’s Latitude v. USEurope’s Latitude v. USEurope’s Latitude v. USEurope’s Latitude v. US
ClimatClimatee
ClimatClimatee
Europe’s Natural RegionsEurope’s Natural RegionsEurope’s Natural RegionsEurope’s Natural Regions
The North European PlainThe North European PlainThe North European PlainThe North European Plain
The Northern European Plain --> The Northern European Plain --> An Invasion Route into Asia An Invasion Route into Asia (& Vice (& Vice
Versa?)Versa?)
The Northern European Plain --> The Northern European Plain --> An Invasion Route into Asia An Invasion Route into Asia (& Vice (& Vice
Versa?)Versa?)
SteppesSteppes: “Soviet” : “Soviet” BreadbasketBreadbasket
SteppesSteppes: “Soviet” : “Soviet” BreadbasketBreadbasket
The SteppesThe SteppesThe SteppesThe Steppes
25% of the old 25% of the old Soviet Union’s Soviet Union’s food supply. food supply.
Germany’s Black ForestGermany’s Black ForestGermany’s Black ForestGermany’s Black Forest
Germany’s Black ForestGermany’s Black ForestGermany’s Black ForestGermany’s Black Forest
Tundra: The Not-So-Barren Tundra: The Not-So-Barren LandLand
Below the Arctic CircleBelow the Arctic Circle
Tundra: The Not-So-Barren Tundra: The Not-So-Barren LandLand
Below the Arctic CircleBelow the Arctic Circle
RREESSOOUURRCCEESS
RREESSOOUURRCCEESS
MajorMajorIndustrialIndustrialResourceResource
ss
MajorMajorIndustrialIndustrialResourceResource
ss
Oil Export Routes in the Caucasus AreaOil Export Routes in the Caucasus AreaOil Export Routes in the Caucasus AreaOil Export Routes in the Caucasus Area
World Population by ContinentsWorld Population by ContinentsWorld Population by ContinentsWorld Population by Continents
AsiaAsia 3,737,000,0003,737,000,000
AfricaAfrica 823,000,000823,000,000
EuropeEurope 729,000,000 729,000,000
North AmericaNorth America 486,000,000486,000,000
South AmericaSouth America 351,000,000 351,000,000
Oceania (incl. Oceania (incl. Australia) Australia) 31,000,000 31,000,000
AntarcticaAntarctica no permanent no permanent population population
Population DensityPopulation Density[People Per Square Mile][People Per Square Mile]
Population DensityPopulation Density[People Per Square Mile][People Per Square Mile]
BelgiumBelgium 336.82 Mexico 52.15
Japan 336.72 United United StatesStates
29.77
India 336.62 World 14.42
United United KingdomKingdom
244.69 NorwayNorway 14.42
ItalyItaly 192.96 Canada 3.36
FranceFrance 108.09 RussiaRussia 8.61
PopulationPopulationDistributioDistributio
nn
PopulationPopulationDistributioDistributio
nn
MajorMajorReligiouReligiou
ssGroupsGroups
ininEuropeEurope
MajorMajorReligiouReligiou
ssGroupsGroups
ininEuropeEurope
Impact of the Geographic inheritance?
• 1st - wide variety of economic activities advanced Europe– diverse climate and geography allows a variety of
agricultural, manufacturing and industrial products.
• 2nd -Europe’s landmass makes it difficult for 1 political entity to control – Variety forms of government existed – Due to all of this, constant warfare, balance of power and
border disputes mark Europe’s history– Large variety of cultural difference exist
• ***Major theme of course…tension between the individual nations and the common heritage of Europe
