Science ExplorerCh.3

notecards

The characteristic that an organism can pass on to its offspring through its genes.

Traits

The change in a gene or chromosome is called?

Mutations

The likelihood that a particular event will occur.

Probability

Different forms of genes are called?

Alleles

Copies the coded message from DNA.

Messenger RNA

Organism that has two different alleles.

Hybrid

Father of Genetics.

Gregor Mendel

When you cross two hybrids together, what is the ratio (dominant to recessive).

3:1

Building blocks of protein.

Amino Acid

The process by which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half to form sex cells.

Meiosis

When both alleles are neither dominant nor recessive compared to each other.

Codominant

The law of ________ predicts what will likely occur, not necessarily what will occur.

Probability

Organism that has two identical alleles for a trait.

Homozygous

Homozygous crossed with heterozygous.

T T

T

t

Homozygous crossed with heterozygous.

T T

T TT TT

t Tt Tt

Rr crossed with rr

R r

r

r

Rr crossed with rr

R r

r Rr rr

r Rr rr

Tt crossed with Tt

T t

T TT Tt

t Tt tt

Tt crossed with Tt

T t

T

t

Heterozygous white dog crossed with a homozygous black dog.

Heterozygous white dog crossed with a homozygous black dog. (Co-Dominance)