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Genetics

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Gregor Mendel Father of Genetics Worked with peas Studied heredity – offspring inherit traits from

parents

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Genes and terminology Gene – sequence of DNA that codes for a

protein and thus determines a trait A – adenine G – guanine T – thymine C – cytosine

ACACGCGCGCGCGAACTACAGATAA This animal is hairy

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Con. Alleles – one of a number of different forms

of a gene Dominant (T) and recessive (t) T and t represent two different alleles If a trait is expressed and the alleles are the same

it is homozygous TT = homozygous dominant tt = homozygous recessive Tt = heterozygous dominant

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Con. Phenotype is the outward expression of the

genes. Physical characteristics Genotype is the genes themselves T = tall over 5’2” t = short under 5’2” Example – Cross Tt and Tt in a Punnett

square

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Review Mendel Gene Allele Phenotype