Genetic Mutations

Mutations

•What is a genetic mutation?•A change in the genetic code•Genetic mutations may have no

effect, a beneficial effect, or a harmful effect depending on where they are located.

Gene Rearrangements

• Mutations that move an entire gene to a new location are called gene rearrangements.• All of the info is still there, just out of order

• Transposition• The gene is out of sequence.

• Chromosome rearrangement• Parts of the whole chromosome are out of

sequence

Gene Alterations

• Mutations that change a gene are called gene alterations.• Change in the amount of info

• In a point mutation, a single nucleotide changes.• In an insertion mutation, a sizable length of DNA

is inserted into a gene.• In a deletion mutation, segments of a gene are

lost, often during meiosis.• A mutation that causes a gene to be read in the

wrong three-nucleotide sequence is called a frameshift mutation.

Types of Mutations