Genetic Engineering for Human Welfare

Presented by: Ghazna Syed

Laboratory technique to change the DNA of living organisms.

Many enzymes which change the structure of DNA in living organisms.

Some of these enzymes can cut and join strands of DNA.

Scientists learned to cut specific genes from DNA and to build customized DNA using these genes.

Introduction to genetic engineering

Genetically modified food Genetic engineering in

humans Genetically modified

animals

Applications of Genetic Engineering

Glo fish: the first genetically modified animal to be sold as a pet

CC (Carbon Copy) was the first cat cloned

Allowed farmers to use selective breeding

Plants are modified in order to gain maximum output.

Medicines are being made by the use of genetic engineering which could cure very severe diseases.

Applications of genetic engineering

Genetic engineers believe they can improve the food we eat, the plants we grow and even the lives of human beings by providing cure to diseases through manipulation of genes

For example , tomatoes are sensitive to frost and fish can survive in very cold water……

GE for human welfare

New pharmaceuticals Bioremediation Vaccines and other drug. Sustainable agriculture. Treatment of genetic disorders and cancer. Supplying new body parts. New types of human beings Increase the average life span of an

individual Forever Young.

GE for human welfare

Handling and management of biological data

Communication among people, projects, and institutions engaged in the biological research and applications

helps in access, search and retrieval of biological information, documents, and literature needed for genetic modification of organisms.

analysis and interpretation of genetic data through the computational approaches

For example: Bioinformatics Toolbox 3.5

Bioinformatics and genetic engineering

Bioinformatics and Genetic Engineering

•To investigate genes in their cellular context, expression analysis via Microarray and DNA chips

Functional genomics

•rapid identification of specific genetic diseases and infections with biological databases and DNA technology.

Pharmaco genomics

•the identification and analysis of all the proteins of a cell.

Proteomics

Basic relation between bioinformatics and genetic engineering

Bioinformatics has played a key role in theHuman Genome Project. Rapid DNAsequencing that can then be stored in digitalformat has enabled researchersto carry out a multitude of research and clinicalapplications.

Human genome project

Pakistan's recurring cotton leaf-curl virus (CLCV)

DNA based methods for the pre-natal diagnosis of Betathalassaemia.

Methods for early detection of tuberculosis, hepatitis, and breast cancer have also been developed.

Identified the gene responsible for Retinitis Pigmentosa, a hereditary degenerative disease, which leads to complete loss of sight.

Genetic Engineering in Pakistan

Dr. A.Q Khan Institute of Bio technologyand Genetic Engineering (KIBGE), University of Karachi

Department of Bioinformatics, Muhammad Ali Jinnah University, Islamabad

Department of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad National Institue of Biotechnology and Genetic engineering(NIBGE)

Dr. A.Q. Khan Research Labs, Islamabad  Department of Genetics, University of Karachi

Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB)Faisalabad

Department of Medical Genetics, Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB) University of the Punjab

Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, University of Sindh Jamshoro

  

GE in Pakistan

There are numerous concerns regarding the usage of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs).

Currently there are three agencies that companies need to get

sanction from before commercially selling their modified crops.

Conclusion

Issues of human health concern about GMOs

There are several environmental concerns about GMOs

In conclusion the genetic engineering is very important and a complex issue.

Better quality education of the public is crucial and sorely needed.

Conclusion