general structure of vertebrae
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General Structure of Vertebrae. Body Spinous process Transverse process Vertebral foramen Superior Articular process Inferior articular process Intervertebral foramen Vertebral notch. Figure 7.15. General Structure of Vertebrae. Figure 7.15. Cervical Vertebrae. Atlas Axis with dens - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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General Structure of Vertebrae
Figure 7.15
1. Body
2. Spinous process
3. Transverse process
4. Vertebral foramen
5. Superior Articular process
6. Inferior articular process
7. Intervertebral foramen
8. Vertebral notch
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General Structure of Vertebrae
Figure 7.15
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Cervical Vertebrae
Table 7.3a
1. Atlas
2. Axis with dens
3. Transverse foramina
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Cervical Vertebrae
Table 7.3a
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Cervical Vertebrae
Figure 7.17a
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The Atlas
Figure 7.16a
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The Atlas
Figure 7.16b
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The Axis
Figure 7.16c
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Thoracic Vertebrae
Table 7.3b
1. Articular facet for rib (on transverse process)
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Thoracic Vertebrae
Table 7.3b
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Lumbar Vertebrae
Table 7.3c
1. Large body; very thick!
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Lumbar Vertebrae
Figure 7.17c
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Lumbar Vertebrae
Table 7.3c
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Sacrum and Coccyx
Figure 7.18a, b
SACRUM
1. Five fused vertebral portions
COCCYX
1. Three to five fused vertebrae
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Sacrum
Figure 7.18a, b
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Curvatures of The Vertebral Column
Figure 7.13
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Regions and Normal Curvatures
• Vertebral column is about 70 cm (28 inches)
• Vertebral column is divided into five major regions• Cervical vertebrae – 7 vertebrae of the neck region
• Thoracic vertebrae – 12 vertebrae of the thoracic region
• Lumbar vertebrae – 5 vertebrae of the lower back
• Sacrum – inferior to lumbar vertebrae – articulates with coxal bones
• Coccyx – most inferior region of the vertebral column
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Regions and Normal Curvatures
• Four distinct curvatures give vertebral column an S-shape• Cervical and lumbar curvatures– concave
posteriorly (secondary curves)
• Thoracic and sacral curvatures – convex posteriorly (primary curves)
• Curvatures increase the resilience of the spine
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Ribs: True, False, and Floating
Figure 7.19a
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Ribs
Figure 7.20a
1. Head
2. Neck
3. Tubercle
4. Superior margin
5. Inferior margin
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Ribs
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Sternum
Figure 7.19a
1. Manubrium
2. Body
3. Xiphoid process
4. Costal cartilage
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Sternum
Figure 7.19a
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How CPR compresses the heart between vertebrae and sternum
Figure 7.19b
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Types of Ribs