Fellows Handbook

A program funded by:

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Table of Contents Program Overview ............................................................................................................... 3 PFP Administrative Structure ............................................................................................. 3 PFP Program Components .................................................................................................. 3

Pre-Departure Orientation & Assignment ...................................................................... 5 Arrival Orientations ......................................................................................................... 5 Host Family ..................................................................................................................... 6 Fellowsship ...................................................................................................................... 6 Volunteering .................................................................................................................... 7 Monitoring and Evaluation ............................................................................................. 8 Outbound Reciprocal Program ....................................................................................... 8 Follow-On ........................................................................................................................ 9

America 101: Having Realistic Expectations & Making Adjustments .............................. 10 Understand Your Own Country First ............................................................................ 10 Prepare for the U.S. ....................................................................................................... 10 The Importance of Culture ............................................................................................ 13 Adjustment & Culture Shock ......................................................................................... 14 Setting Realistic Expectations for the PFP Fellowship ................................................. 16 Living with a Host Family .............................................................................................. 17

Preparing for Your Experience: Practicalities .................................................................. 21 Medical ........................................................................................................................... 21 Packing ........................................................................................................................... 21 Finances ......................................................................................................................... 23 Transportation ............................................................................................................... 24 Communication (Mobile Phones and Internet) ............................................................ 24 Travel Documents .......................................................................................................... 24 Travel Arrangements ..................................................................................................... 25

Frequently Asked Questions ............................................................................................. 26 Program Policies ................................................................................................................ 28

Copy of Terms and Conditions ...................................................................................... 28 Copy of Host Family/Fellow Contract........................................................................... 34

Appendix............................................................................................................................ 35 American Food and Drink ............................................................................................. 35 Common U.S. Expressions/Colloquialisms .................................................................. 40 Dates in the U.S. ............................................................................................................ 42 US Postal Information ................................................................................................... 43 Using the Telephone in the USA ................................................................................... 44 US Time Zones ............................................................................................................... 46 Temperatures ................................................................................................................. 46 Metric Conversions for Cooking, etc. ............................................................................ 47 US State Abbreviations .................................................................................................. 48 Important Contacts ....................................................................................................... 49

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Program Overview The Professional Fellows Program (PFP) is sponsored by the U.S. State Department, Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs. It is administered by American Councils for International Education: ACTR/ACCELS. Professional Fellows Program brings emerging leaders to the United States for intensive fellowships designed to broaden their professional expertise. The PFP affords promising young professionals the opportunity to have first-hand experiences in, and exposure to, United States offices working on variety of issues related to innovation, entrepreneurship, youth engagement, taxation, NGO management and others. The knowledge and interest of the fellows will be expanded through short-term fellowships in a variety of American organizations and applied to their work in their home countries. Within the framework of PFP program, American Councils administers The Young Southeast Asian Leaders Initiative (YSEALI) is President Obama’s signature program to strengthen leadership development and networking in ASEAN, deepen engagement with young leaders on key regional and global challenges, and strengthen people-to-people ties between the United States and young Southeast Asian leaders. The YSEALI variant of PFP is part of the broader Professional Fellows exchange program. Arrival Orientation Fellows will participate in two full days of professional preparation in Washington,

D.C. Dates of arrival Orientation will be communicated to you by American Councils staff. Fellows will learn about the U.S. system, will be prepared for their fellowships, and will receive information about all of the rules and procedures for participating in PFP.

Fellowship The dates of your Fellowship at your U.S. worksite are referenced in the Finalist

Notification letter you received from American Councils Staff. PFP Congress Fellows will arrive back in Washington, D.C. at the end of their fellowship and will

participate in the Professional Fellows Congress along with more than 200 fellows from around the world.

Participation in this program is MANDITORY and fellows’ successful completion of PFP Depends upon full participation in the PFP Congress.

PFP Administrative Structure The Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs (ECA) of the U.S. Department of State fosters mutual understanding between the people of the United States and the people of other countries to promote friendly, sympathetic, and peaceful relations, as mandated by the Mutual Educational and Cultural Exchanges Act

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of 1961.ECA accomplishes its mission through a range of programs based on the benefits of mutual understanding, international educational and cultural exchange, and leadership development. ECA engages youth, students, educators, artists, athletes, and rising leaders in the United States and more than 160 countries through academic, cultural, sports, and professional exchanges, challenging negative perceptions about the United States and reinforcing positive ones. ECA strives to ensure that all programs conducted under its mandate reflect the diversity of the intended audiences. The Bureau aggressively seeks and actively encourages the involvement of American and international participants from traditionally underrepresented groups in all its grants, programs and other activities. These include women, racial and ethnic minorities and people with disabilities. ECA has over 1 million program alumni around the world, including more than 40 Nobel Laureates and more than 300 current and former heads of state and government. ECA is the funding organization for the PFP. More information can be found at http://exchanges.state.gov/. American Councils for International Education: ACTR/ACCELS, an international not-for-profit organization, believes in the fundamental role of education in fostering positive change for individuals, institutions and societies. Building upon over three decades of regional expertise and development experience, American Councils advances education and research worldwide through international programs that provide the global perspective essential for academic and professional excellence. In collaboration with partners around the world, our dedicated team of professionals designs and implements innovative and effective programs responsive to the cultures and needs of the international communities in which we work. Founded in 1974 as an association for area and language professionals, American Councils has focused its expertise on academic exchange, professional training, distance learning, curriculum and test development, and delivery of technical assistance, research, evaluation, and institution building. American Councils is headquartered in Washington, D.C. with additional offices worldwide. American Councils is the administering organization and primary grantee for the PFP. More information can be found at http://www.americancouncils.org. Specific roles and responsibilities include: All administrative and financial tasks, recruitment and selection of participants, pre-departure orientations, host family placements and select fellowship placements, on-program support, monthly monitoring and reporting, quarterly reports to ECA and follow-on activities. Key Staff in DC: Leslie Ryan, Program Manager; Jaimie Holmes, Program Officer; Davron Mirsagatov, Program Officer; Andie Horning, Program Associate; Zachary Knight, Program Assistant Please note our program staff work in close coordination and you should feel comfortable addressing questions, issues or concerns to any of our DC staff.

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PFP Program Components

Pre-Departure Orientation & Assignment Each PFP Fellow is required to attend the Pre-Departure Orientation (PDO) before arriving in the United States. In countries without American Councils Country offices or Partners, PDO will be conducted online. PDOs in each country will cover similar material, which could include: An overview of the PFP and program requirements; Introduction to American Councils staff; Meetings with program alumni; A reception at the U.S. Embassy.

American Councils will reimburse participants for travel and accommodations (for participants who live outside of the capital) to acquire a U.S. visa or attend a PDO. Booking of travel and hotels must be coordinated with the American Councils’ staff to be eligible for reimbursement. American Councils will not cover the cost of obtaining a passport or photographs to obtain a passport or visa.

Arrival Orientation Upon arrival in the United States, Fellows will take part in a short arrival orientation. During this program, Fellows will be intensively introduced to the U.S. systems, to topical civil society issues, important cross-cultural information, as well as the terms and conditions for participating in PFP. Topics will be diverse and might include: - An introduction to United States

government - Innovations cohort: policies that are affecting innovation and the public/private

landscape - Public/private partnerships & the role of NGOs - Having a successful host family experience - Tips for working in an American workplace - Understanding culture shock

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Host Family Where possible, PFP Fellows are housed with American host families who welcome Fellows into their homes on a volunteer basis and without remuneration. We believe that this is an important part of the program for many reasons. Many placement cities are small and lack developed public transportation, so living with a family helps the Fellow with transportation issues. It also creates an immediate network of support and friendship for the Fellow as he/she transitions into a new setting. In addition, living with a family helps promote cross-cultural understanding. Each family has been carefully screened and selected for compatibility. They have passed basic criminal background checks and have submitted at least two references. Each host family has also signed a “Host Family Contract”, a copy of which is included in the “Program Policies” chapter. Questions or concerns about host families or other living arrangements should be directed to American Councils.

Fellowship Depending on thematic cohort, fellows will be placed in full-time fellowships with state legislatures, city councils, federal offices, NGOs and US offices working on variety of issues related to innovation, entrepreneurship. Placements will be based on professional experience and motivation and will consist of a variety of responsibilities, including some routine administrative tasks. The knowledge and interest of innovation cohort fellows will be expanded through fellowships in a variety of American organizations, universities and state bodies across the United States that address innovation and entrepreneurship policy issues. Though each Fellow’s experience will vary, each can expect to learn:

• About the US federal system in general and the US legislative branch in

particular, as well as the specific structure and functions of the individual state or city they are placed in;

• Our Innovation fellows learn about business incubator/accelerators operations in US, new policies developing on surrounding the commercialization of tech and similar topics;

• About the role of ordinary citizens and civil society organizations in the formulation and implementation of public policy;

• About the communication strategies of both governmental and non-governmental organizations, including their approaches to transparency, public outreach, marketing and the media;

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• About the cooperation among different levels of government on certain topics; and

• Skills that could potentially be applied to the legislative process in one’s home country.

Responsibilities of each Fellow, depending on thematic cohort, will also vary, but may include the following:

• Administrative duties (fax, photocopy, answering phones, etc.);

• Constituent work (responding to inquiries, following up on requests);

• Legislative and background issue research; • Attendance at meetings and/or hearings,

both within their place of work and at other organizations or venues; and

• Assistance in preparation of reports. Each host organization has received materials with information about how to structure the PFP experience and each will facilitate the experience differently, according to experience, personnel, resources, schedule, etc. There is no universal description of what opportunities you will receive or what you should expect from your participation in the program. Initiative is the key to success in all placements. For more information on setting realistic expectations for the fellowship, please see page 17.

Volunteering "When you choose to serve -- whether it's your nation, your community or simply your neighborhood -- you are connected to that fundamental American ideal that we want life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness not just for ourselves, but for all Americans. That's why it's called the American dream." –44th President of the United States, Barack Obama During the program, Fellows will be expected to perform three hours of community service. This requirement can be satisfied at an organization of the Fellow’s choosing. In the past, Fellows have volunteered at refugee resettlement agencies, soup kitchens, and fire departments, with the elderly, or with Habitat for Humanity. The options are limitless. A good place to search for ideas is via the Internet at www.volunteermatch.org, www.volunteer.gov, or

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www.idealist.org. You might also want to check your city’s “Craig’s List” posting at www.craigslist.com. You may be asking yourself, “Why is community service required?” First and foremost, giving back to the community is an important American value. Americans generally enjoy volunteering their time towards worthy causes. This helps sustain the country’s many charities, non-profits and grass roots organizations. In addition, President Obama made “a call to service” a major part of his campaign platform. There is a national initiative for all people – young, old, black, white, native-born, immigrant, etc. – to give back to their communities. Experiencing this initiative first hand is integral to understanding American society as a whole. For more information about the President’s plan, visit: http://www.change.gov/agenda/service_agenda/ Monitoring of community service will be done in tandem with regular program surveys.

Monitoring and Evaluation All PFP Fellows, their host families and work supervisors will be required to complete pre- and post-program surveys via Survey Monkey online. A link is sent via email, making it very easy and convenient to complete. Reporting is important for several reasons. It allows us to monitor Fellows’ progress and report highlights to the United States Department of State. It enables us to share in accomplishments as well as assist with struggles. It also provides the means for open communication. We have found that most problems occur when communication is lacking. Regular contact ensures this does not happen. It is important that Fellows, hosts and supervisors provide candid and honest feedback in their reports. Constructive criticism is invited and appreciated.

Outbound Reciprocal Program All participants are strongly encouraged to work with their new American counterparts to write a competitively judged project proposal. Approved projects will offer American counterparts an opportunity for focused professional development overseas. Each Fellow will chose one American with whom to conceive and draft a proposal; Fellows will be asked to draw upon their own regional and professional expertise in order to ensure that the proposals are not only compelling, but also feasible. Successful

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proposals will involve local partners and cost-sharing opportunities as a way of building local capacity and sustainability. Not all American counterparts may be willing or able to participate however. In these circumstances, Fellows may team together with other Fellows to create a team project. Potential partners could include the Fellows’ present or past places of employment or study, as well as local organizations or institutions. They will be directed at broad audiences overseas, not just toward program participants or academia.

Follow-On By signing the Terms and Conditions document, PFP Fellows agree to the following: “I agree to share my professional fellowship experience, as well as my broader exposure to the U.S. system, with my peers on my return to my home country. I agree to make presentations about my fellowship and explore with other interns opportunities to communicate about my experience. This might include conducting conferences, discussion groups with members of my peer group. I understand that American Councils will sponsor a follow-on program in which I am required to participate.” What does this mean? It means that PFP Fellows are required to do the following once they become alumni:

● Participate in follow-on activities organized by American Councils or the U.S. Embassy in your home country. You will be given at least two months notice so that you can plan accordingly and all costs will be covered by American Councils. ● Design and implement at least two (2) follow-on activities on your own. This might include conducting an interview with the local newspaper, speaking to a university political science class or English club, making a mock-legislature at your old high school, or making a public presentation. American Councils will offer you support in these endeavors, however, it is up to you to have the initiative.

What are the consequences if I don’t participate? Participation in PFP follow-on activities is mandatory. By the signing the Terms and Conditions you agree to participate. Failure to participate in PFP follow-on could jeopardize your future participation in American Councils administered U.S. government programs. It is also a violation of your PFP program contract.

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America 101: Having Realistic Expectations & Making Adjustments

Understand Your Own Country First Compared to where you come from, the U.S. has a short history. You will meet people in the United States who do not know much – or even anything – about your country. This may be frustrating, but try to remember Americans have spent much of their country’s history exploring their own territory and resources. International travel

is seen as luxury, rather than a necessity, and is comparatively much more expensive for Americans than Europeans. As a result, most Americans do not have international passports! (About 30% do.) Information about your country may be hard to get in small towns, and many Americans have not been well educated about Eurasia and Southeast Asia in school, especially if they graduated after the breakup of the Soviet Union. Be prepared to share what you know and to answer the many questions they will ask. Some people may ask very naive questions based on stereotypes, but others will be interested in your country’s history, recent politics, current events, and social changes. Get ready for lots of interesting conversations. Plan to bring some photos, a map, and maybe a book on your country. And be prepared to make short presentations about your country to colleagues, clubs, or organizations that invite you to speak.

Prepare for the U.S. Without a doubt, Americans will ask what people in your country know and think of the USA. Can you answer their questions? By the same token, what do you really know about the United States yourself? While you may have already lived here for an extended period of time, keep in mind that viewpoints, traditions, and ways of life across the country are extremely varied. Prior experience in a fishing

village in Maine, for example, will not fully prepare you for life on a ranch in Texas. It goes without qualification to say that the “America” portrayed by Hollywood is generally vastly inaccurate. American life is full of paradoxes. Its people and culture,

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values and beliefs are often seen as contradictory by outsiders. Like all first impressions of a nation or people, popular perceptions do not always match the day-to-day reality. Trying to determine what constitutes American culture will not be an easy task for you. But here a few tips to get you started: Eye contact. In the United States, most people consider it polite, and a demonstration of sincerity, to look each other directly in the eye, at least in intervals, when having a conversation. It is considered very rude and in some cases may be interpreted as threatening to look continuously at someone or stare at someone unless you are engaged in conversation with that person. It is as rude to stare or comment about someone's body in America as it is anywhere else. Greetings. Generally, when people who are not well acquainted with each other meet or part company, it is considered polite to shake hands. This goes for both men and women, although elderly women may not be accustomed to doing this. Refusing to shake an offered hand is likely to be interpreted as rude or odd. When shaking hands, a firm but not tight grip is preferred. Simply placing your hand in the hand of the other person is considered to be an ill mannered or insincere handshake. Entering/leaving. When entering or leaving a building, people in the United States consider it good manners to hold open the door for people who are exiting or entering behind them. People also wait for an elevator to empty before they enter. People always face the front; and will feel uncomfortable if you face them. It is considered to be very rude for people to push past one another to enter a building, train car, or subway car, and especially rude to make physical contact with a stranger while doing so. On elevators or moving sidewalks, it is polite to stand to the right and walk (pass) to the left. While standing in a line, don't stand too close to the person in front of you. People can be sensitive about their personal "space." Walking in front of a person, particularly when space prevents leaving at least 2-3 feet, is considered rude. Table Manners & Restaurant Etiquette Eating what's on your plate in a home or group setting: Unlike in Eurasia, it

is acceptable to refuse additional servings of food by saying "No, thank you" and the host or hostess will not be insulted. Similarly, if you leave a small amount of uneaten food on your plate at a restaurant or in a home, it is not considered an insult. If you eat everything in a home, the host may ask if you want more. Generally, do not take the last piece without saying something to the group, like "I'm taking this last piece. Has everyone had some? Does anyone want to share it?"

Tipping & leaving: If you are eating in a restaurant, you will be expected to add a

20% tip for the server to your bill. In America, wait staff might occasionally stop by your table to ask how your meal is, which is considered good service. You should always ask your own waiter for help, and not just any staff person. They will also bring you your check when it seems reasonable that you are finished with your meal,

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however this is not necessarily an indication that you must leave right away. It is ok to ask for the check, if you need to leave. Take your time to finish your meal, and unless there is a line of people waiting at the door, it is not considered rude to linger at your table.

Lines (Queues). In the United States, forming a single line is most common for counter service where food, tickets, or services must be bought and multiple people must be served at once. It is customary to form a line in front of the register and wait one's turn to be served: pushing past others and jostling in a "free for all" is not acceptable, nor is cutting in front of someone who is waiting. If it is a long wait, you may ask a person in line to "save" your spot while you use the restroom briefly. Discussions of wealth or money. Americans generally do not discuss how much money they make or how much they paid for certain high-end items (such as houses, cars, boats, TV systems, etc.) cost. It is considered very rude to ask and is even more uncomfortable to discuss. Smoking. Smoking restrictions vary greatly from place to place, from having no restrictions at all to complete city-wide bans. Laws may be enacted by individual states, counties, and cities. Some laws even limit outdoor smoking by prohibiting smoking within a certain distance from a building's entrance. Observe to see if others around you are smoking, or ask if anyone minds before doing so. Many restaurants and hotels have special seating for smoking customers, which you may request during booking. Fines for smoking in a prohibited place range in amount from $50 on up to $1,000, plus offenders may be thrown out of an establishment for violating house rules, sometimes barred forever. Cell phones. It is considered rude to speak loudly on cell phones in enclosed, public places such as trains, restaurants, or museums. (Obviously, if you are in a noisy bar, ball game, etc. where people aren't trying to listen or concentrate, it doesn't matter.) As for the opera, theatre, cinema, places of worship, lectures/classes, it is appropriate to turn cell phones to "vibrate" or off entirely. In professional settings, Americans do not take calls or text during meetings unless there is an emergency. Hugging, kissing or touching. Most Americans prefer a firm handshake as a first greeting. Hugging is reserved for close family members and friends. Kissing people in greeting is a more intimate affair: it's usually done only in the context of relatives and friends; it is sometimes controversial when performed between members of the same gender. Also, refrain from touching people during conversation unless you know them well, as it generally makes them uncomfortable. Personal space. Americans usually talk to each other from a distance of about two feet (.6 meters); any closer is viewed as uncomfortable.

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First names. In general, most Americans, even in a business setting, will prefer to be called by their first name. However, it is a good rule of thumb to address them by their title (Mr., Mrs., Ms., Dr., or Professor) and last name (e.g., Mr. Anderson) until you are specifically told otherwise. Americans may also address you by your first name immediately after being introduced to you; this is not considered rude at all and reflects the more casual style of Americans. Please consult the appendix for two additional resources on typical American food and common colloquial phrases. In order to prepare for your experience, consider consulting the following newspapers on a regular basis: the New York Times, the Washington Post, the Chicago Tribune and the Los Angeles Times. All are available for free on the Internet. Once you learn your placement, you might also want to seek out the online edition of the local newspaper or search for local (political, social, and cultural) blogs. This can be a great way to get acquainted with your new hometown in advance of your arrival. We strongly encourage you to look for conferences, concerts, museum exhibitions in your town prior to arrival as well. Most of cities in America have very dynamic cultural life and have events that you might not want to miss. www.America.gov and www.USA.gov are two other great resources provided by the United State Department of State.

The Importance of Culture One definition of culture is the values, attitudes, beliefs, and ideas that a group of people hold in common. Culture is language, dress, food, etc. These are all reflections of the values of the people who built them or do them. They show something about the beliefs or ideas of the people of that country. Your culture. You have some opinions and ideas that are uniquely your own. But many of your attitudes, values, and beliefs are similar to those of your family, your community, and your fellow citizens. History, society and even geography might be affecting one’s values and perceptions. It is important to remember that people in other countries might not share the same values and beliefs. Your host culture. The PFP offers you the special opportunity to live with people who have very different backgrounds from your own. It will also give you a very good understanding of how people in the U.S. think. And best of all, the program gives you the chance to see that many ideas are common to all people regardless of race, national origin or creed. Acceptance. It is important to appreciate and accept the fact that everyone has his or her own way of looking at the world. It is also important to be able to notice differences

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without saying one view is right and one is wrong. You should be careful not to let your own values and attitudes prevent you from enjoying the different life around you. You will be the person moving into a new environment. Adjusting to it is necessary to have a successful PFP experience.

Adjustment & Culture Shock If adjusting to life in the United States becomes difficult, it may be because of a conflict between the ideas and values you find in the U.S. and your own. If you know this, you will be able to understand why you sometimes find it hard to live in another country. This can be true even for those who have visited the United States before. As previously noted the United States is vast and varied. Many Americans even experience a degree of culture shock when moving from one region to another! Culture Shock. When you live in a new country, many of the things you are accustomed to are missing or done differently. You must think about how to do even the simplest things. For example, perhaps in your country you embrace and kiss people on the cheek to greet them. In the U.S., you may shake hands, but mostly you will just say “hello.” There are hundreds and hundreds of little things that are different the world over. When you first arrive to a new country, it is fun to meet new people and learn about new culture. Sometimes, however, you get tired of having to remember how to do so many things differently. You may feel that nothing is familiar or comfortable to you. This is very common. Culture shock means that your mind is tired of analyzing new culture and having to adjust to a new way of doing things. People tend to withdraw during the culture shock. Instead of adjusting to the new society, you may become quiet and prefer to think of home, rather than spend time with other people. You may even feel confused and isolated. Most people experience culture shock. This is not a sign of failure but rather a normal response to change. In order to overcome culture shock, you should focus on things that you do like in the new country, talk to your host family or your American Councils Officer. Some of the host families hosted fellows from other countries in the past, and will be able to give you a valuable advice on how to overcome culture shock. How will you know if you have “culture shock”? Some of the common physical indications: • I am eating more or less than I usually do. • I am sleeping too much or too little. • I have to go to the bathroom more than usual. • I have stomach aches or headaches than usual.

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• I cry more than I usually do. Some other indicators: • I feel helpless and think I need help from people of my own country. • I get angry more often and at things that are not very important. • I don't want to learn more English or even speak the English I know. • I am afraid to go to new places and do new things. • I am very homesick. What can you do if you think you have culture shock? Here are some easy things to do: • Remember that most people living in or visiting foreign countries have these feelings. Do not worry that you are “the only one” who feels this way. • Try to decide what particular things are bothering you, no matter how small or unimportant they are. • Analyze the differences between your values and ideas and those of the people with whom you are living in the USA. Which ones seem in conflict? • Develop an attitude that you can learn to live with these differences. Do not worry that you will lose your own culture; it is a part of who you are. But you can try living in the new country, and you can do it successfully. • Plan small tasks each day that will help you meet people and accomplish something— like preparing a new food to eat, talking to someone new, accepting an invitation to go somewhere. And do each task! • Find the humor in some of the difficulties. Being able to laugh at some of your mistakes is healthy. • Do some exercise or sport each day, even if it is only taking a walk. • Eat regularly and eat healthy foods. • Write an email or call your program coordinator at American Councils. • Relax, take a deep breath, and think about the unique opportunity you were given to live in the United States, an opportunity to be a part of the program that will make a difference so any lives, including your own. Learn to accept the new ideas and ways of life without forgetting your own.

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Setting Realistic Expectations for the PFP Fellowship

There is no “typical day” in the life of a Fellow, because every Fellow will have a very different experience. You will get out of this program as much as you are willing to put in. In the past, Fellows have had the opportunity to work with constituents in the district; research legislation; provide assistance in the drafting of legislation; work in committees; attend hearings; meet legislators, staff, governors and judges, as well as a host of other people responsible for making and enforcing laws in the state; visit various government-run facilities, including prisons and homes for the elderly, and the list goes on!

Fellows with the most interesting and memorable experiences will be those who are proactive. In the past, Fellows have found opportunities to enhance their program by actively involving themselves in the life of the office they worked in and the community they lived in. Unfortunately, not every Fellow will get the same opportunities. Likewise, it is possible that some of the expectations the Fellow has at the onset of the program will not be met, due to a variety of reasons and circumstances. The most important thing is to come into the program with an open mind and to try and eliminate any pre-conceived notions or expectations about life in a U.S. government office. Fellows can expect to be treated as professional staff members at their host organizations. This means that they should plan to work full-time and perform a mix of both substantive and administrative tasks. The key to a successful internship lies in finding ways to fulfill the host organization’s needs while simultaneously accomplishing your own learning goals. Below is a list of suggestions from past Fellows:

• Be professional in appearance and manner. • Be a self-starter. Identify projects that fit your interests and abilities and offer to

help on them. • Be engaged and inquisitive. You will have the opportunity to learn and experience a

great deal, but it is up to you to take advantage of the occasion. • Know your resources. Foster good relationships with all the staff around you.

Some will prove to be your best sources for help. Also, do your best to get familiar with the office resources (computers, supplies, copiers, etc.) available at the organization.

• Communicate well. Help to establish strong and open communication with your supervisor. This could be formal, including daily or weekly meetings, or more

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informal, just checking-in with each other. Let the organization know about any special skills that you have to offer—for example: languages, web development, computer programs, legislative experience, and any other professional experiences or skills that you have. At the same time, don’t ask for things or experiences your office can not offer you and realize that you have to build their trust in you. Last, do not be afraid to ask for guidance with tasks you haven’t done before.

• Familiarize yourself with American political jargon. A list of common words & phrases compiled by past participated is included in the appendix of this manual.

Living with a Host Family Where possible, PFP Fellows are housed with American host families all of whom welcome Fellows into their homes on a volunteer basis and without remuneration. We believe that this is an important part of the program for many reasons. Many placement cities are small and lack developed public transportation, so living with a family helps the Fellow with transportation issues. It also creates an immediate network of support and friendship for the Fellow as he/she transitions into a new setting. In addition, living with a family helps promote cross-cultural understanding. Even though some PFP Fellows will have prior experience in the U.S., most will have done so as teenagers. An American experience as an

adult can be quite different. As soon as American Councils provides you with your host family's contact information, contact them via email, Skype or phone. They have invited you to be a member of their family for the duration of your program. That means you need to learn how they work and live together so that you can fit in. Host families reflect the diversity of the U.S. They are of different races and ethnic origins and have different lifestyles based on such factors as education, salary, geography, and religion. Some families will have children, others will not. What they will have in common is an eagerness to welcome you into their home and to share their lives with you. Your experience in America will depend on your efforts to learn about and understand all kinds of American lifestyles. Here are some suggestions to think about and talk over with your host family. Household schedules. Every family has developed a routine for how they live. Each family’s routine or schedule is different, depending on how many family members there are, how many people work outside of the home, how old the children are, or what they do for hobbies or recreation. It is important to watch, ask about, and learn what your family does and at what times. Ask your family about the time they eat breakfast and dinner and if everyone is expected to eat together. When to bathe or shower and what to

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do with dirty clothes are other family behavior patterns or “rules.” Learn what your family’s rules are and follow them. An important part of the family schedule is the use of the family car. Americans are very dependent upon their cars because of the distances between homes and services and a lack of effective public transportation. You will have to fit into the family’s transportation schedule when you need rides. Personal space. You may have your own bedroom or you may share one with your host brothers or sisters of the same gender. Remember that even though you have some “personal space,” your room is still a part of your host family’s house. You will be expected to keep your room clean and neat, including your closet and dresser drawers. Families also have rules about where dirty clothes are kept for washing. You also will share common areas of the house. Be respectful of other family members and take your own things from these areas and put them where they belong. Privacy. Most Americans think that everyone needs to be alone sometimes. You will need privacy and other family members will, too. Try to find out the times your host family is usually together and when they go to different rooms. This is important. You may not be used to doing many things alone or in another room. It is not because family members don’t like each other. It is just customary for Americans to do some things individually. If you spend too much time in your room, however, your family may worry that you are unhappy or sick. You also will miss opportunities to share time with your family. Try to spend the “family times” with them. Family times may be dinner, immediately after dinner, or on Sundays. Find out what these times are in your home. Spending time together could mean eating together, just talking, playing games, watching TV, or going out together. On the other hand, your family will expect that you need time to read, study, and write letters. They will think you will want to do these things quietly, probably by yourself. Household chores. Home life in the U.S. may be very different from, or quite similar to, life in your own country. A “family” in the U.S. may consist of two parents or a single parent, with a child or children at home or who are grown and no longer live at home. Other relatives living in the home is uncommon. In America all members of the family, men, women, and children, usually share the duties and jobs around the house. In most American families, everyone is expected to do all types of “chores.” Chores are the various tasks done in and around the house. Boys and men help with the cooking, cleaning, and dishwashing. If it is difficult for you as a young man to do certain tasks because of your beliefs, you need to discuss this with your host family. Perhaps you can determine what other chores you can do more comfortably.

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It is a very good idea for you to talk to your family about what household jobs you should do. Also, ask how to do them. They may not think about explaining how to do things. Ask them to demonstrate so you will feel comfortable using their equipment. Breakfast. American families are very active and busy. In the mornings, each family member may prepare his or her own breakfast before leaving the house. If you are accustomed to having someone else prepare a breakfast meal for you, this may be an adjustment. It may mean learning what things are available for breakfast and opening the refrigerator and kitchen cupboard to get your own food. You may not even find the same foods that you eat at home. You will need to learn what the different foods are, where they are kept, and what you may eat for breakfast and for snacks. You may have to learn how to prepare some of your own meals! Remember, ask questions! Share yourself. Your host family has invited you to live with them because they want to get to know you and learn about your country. They want to share their ideas and help you understand the U.S. and how Americans live and think. Spend time with each member of your family. If your host parents are home when you return from work, talk to them about your day and theirs. Talk to them about things you do not understand. Ask if you can help them with the chores in the afternoon. At dinner time, join the family conversations so you can get to know your host family. Find out about your host parents’ work and what family members do for fun. You can share some hobbies, like going to a football game or a concert with the family, or bike riding with host brothers and sisters. Make a special effort to spend time with the children in the family, if there are any. It is especially important to show interest in host brothers and sisters your own age as well as those who are younger than you. It is easy for them to become jealous because of the attention you receive. They, too, must adjust to having a new family member in the house. Try to teach them about your own customs while asking and learning from them about theirs. Respect their private times and their own friends. You will not necessarily be best friends with your brothers and sisters, but you should be friendly with them. For many American families, participation in religious services and other activities at a religious center is very important. Even if you do not share their religious beliefs, this is another important way you can learn about your host family and American institutions and share their lives.

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Show appreciation. Very few things are more important in your home than thanking your family for what they do for you. Although host families are not paid, it is not customary in the U.S. to give expensive gifts or big parties to thank someone. Small things will make your family feel good: a smile, saying thanks, helping with chores, or being able to take care of yourself. Notice how often other host family members show appreciation and how they do it. It may be done very differently in your own country, but showing appreciation is always important. Obey the rules. Depending upon the norms in your own family and culture, you may find the authority figures in the American family different than yours at home. In most American families both parents determine and enforce family rules. As a young adult living with “strangers”, this may be particularly difficult for you. Regardless of what you are accustomed to in your natural family, you will be expected to follow the rules of your host family when you live with them. If you do not obey, it insults them and shows a lack of respect. This does not mean however, that you cannot and should not discuss those rules which you find unfair or confusing. Ask questions and discuss your point of view. Be independent. Self-sufficiency is a prized characteristic to Americans. Many American teenagers move out of their parent’s home on a temporary basis to attend university at the age of 18, and permanently upon graduation at 22. If they still live with, or move back in with, their parents at the age of 25 or 30, they are generally very independent. This is because most Americans believe “parenting” is done at 18. Young adults are taught to be self-sufficient and that it’s OK to make mistakes – you learn from them. As such, most young Americans will have their own cars, their own incomes, their own social lives and schedules – even if they live with their parents. Some may even pay their parents rent! Because of this precedent, you should strive to be as independent as possible too. Don’t be afraid to ask for advice, but try to not to rely on your hosts to make plans for you. They probably won’t. Look for the positive. You are not going to like everything about your new family. That is natural. No one is happy about everything that happens at home, such as what is expected of oneself, some of the rules, some of the food, or maybe the way one family member behaves. There are always pleasant and unpleasant aspects of family life. Your family may not like everything about you, either, but everyone needs to think about the positive and to respect others. Learn to just accept or ignore the things that bother you and concentrate on what you enjoy. Talk to your family and try to work out the difficulties. Most students are able to work out the small difficulties they have adjusting to a new family and stay within the same host family throughout the exchange experience. Occasionally students change host families. Usually these are because of a change within the host family, such as a serious illness, change of job, or relocation to a different city. Sometimes students request to change families because they don’t have their own room, want a bigger house or wealthier family, or want to live in a city rather than a rural area. These are not valid reasons for a change of family. If you do have

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problems with your host family, it is best not to talk about it with other friends or exchange students. Discuss problems only with the family or your American Councils representative.

Preparing for Your Experience: Practicalities

Medical Medication. If you take any medication regularly, bring enough of the medicine for the period of time you will be away from home. If there is a physician’s prescription, carry a copy of your prescription as well as a full explanation—in English—of the dosage and use of any medicine you take. U.S. customs officials may want to see this when you enter the U.S. You also will need a copy of the prescription if you need to buy more of the medication while in the US. Put any medication and prescriptions you take in the bag you carry on the airplane so you don't lose it during travel. Eyeglasses or contact lenses. If you wear glasses or contact lenses, take your prescription with you. Also take an extra pair of glasses, if you have them. Insurance. Program participants will receive US accident and illness insurance. You will receive basic insurance information, claims filing procedures (how you get money back from the insurance company when you have seen a doctor and paid the bill), claim forms, and an insurance card when you arrive in the US. Insurance does not provide coverage for pre-existing conditions, and generally do not cover chronic conditions or treatment for long-term illnesses that develop on program.

Packing Pack lightly. It is important to take adequate clothing, but do not take extra items that are not needed. On international flights, U.S. airlines will limit you to one piece of checked luggage and one piece of “carry-on” luggage, which must be able to fit in the overhead bin. Also, most airlines have luggage weight and size limits. If your bags go over those limits, you must pay for the extra luggage. You will be responsible for your own entire luggage, so do not take more than you personally can carry at one time. Suitcases with wheels are especially helpful for the long journey. Remember that at the program’s end you will have to get your things home again and you will probably have more things that you have acquired in the US. If your luggage exceeds airline allowances, you will have to pay for the overweight. This can be very expensive (over $100 per bag) and the cost is not paid for by the program. Clothing. PFP Fellows will live in all parts of the USA. The U.S. is so large and the weather so varied that it is difficult to recommend exactly what to take. For appropriate

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clothing for the region in which you will live, please consult the climate chart in the Appendix. The following clothing items are recommended for PFP Fellows. You may need to adjust it when you learn about the region of the U.S. where you will live or if you receive a letter from your host family with ideas for clothing to take. Please note that jeans are not appropriate formal wear. For everyone: • 1 jacket or coat • 1 warm sweater (jumper) • 2-4 pair trousers (long pants) • 1 pair pajamas • special clothing for sports • 1 pair walking/gym shoes • 1 pair special occasion shoes • 1 pair everyday shoes • 1 pair work shoes • 1 suit In addition, for men: • 3-4 dress shirts • 1 sport coat/jacket • 1-3 ties In addition, for women: • 3-4 blouses • 2-3 skirts • 1 dress • 1 special occasion dress Gifts. Think carefully about the gifts you will take to your host family. The cost is not important; it is your thoughtfulness in taking something from your country that is important. When choosing gifts, do not forget to consider their size and weight. They must go into your luggage. Fragile gifts can easily break. Americans appreciate even small gifts. DO NOT wrap your gifts. Security/customs officials may ask to see the gifts and you may be required to unwrap them.

Finances Allowance. The Program does not pay your host family. Families host PFP Fellows because they are interested in other countries and in sharing their lifestyle. By giving you a home and meals and by accepting you as a family member, your host family pays the largest portion of your living costs.

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You will receive a modest “weekly allowance” of US for weekday lunches, transportation, and small incidental expenses. You will need to pay for your own postage, film, bus fares, snacks, gifts, telephone calls, movies, sports events and meals out with friends. You must buy your own personal items, such as shampoo and deodorant. If you travel, you will probably have to pay for the trip. It will be your responsibility to pay for your own personal items and social/cultural activities. Here are some sample costs of items in U.S. dollars. Prices will vary in different parts of the country: • Professional hockey game (cheap seats): $20 • Movies: $11 per person • Ski lift ticket: $50-$95 per day • Restaurant meal (dinner): $20 without alcohol or tip (tip is typically 20%) • Concert ticket: $15 - $75 Working. It is a violation of your J-1 visa to work while you are in the United States. Your internship is considered your full time job. Borrowing and lending money. It is not a good idea to borrow or lend money, even with your host family. If you have problems with money, alert American Councils immediately. Remember that you are to participate as a family member. Do not expect your host family to provide you with expensive items and experiences. Participate and appreciate being a member of the family. Bank accounts. You may want to open a bank account in the U.S., although this is not required. You can have an account in your own name but you will need to fill out a W-8 form to open a bank account as a non-U.S. citizen resident; the bank will have this form. Just remember to close your account before you go home. If you have any problems with your bank account, you should ask your host family for help. If problems continue, immediately inform American Councils.

If you choose to open a bank account so that you can have an American ATM (bank) card, be aware that charges may post to account in a different way than you’re used to. In particular, pay attention to something called “pending transactions.” Pending transactions include credits and debits that have not yet posted to your account. A transaction made with your ATM or Check Card using a PIN typically is processed and posted to your account on the same day that the transaction is made, or on the next business day. A transaction made with your Check Card but without your PIN, may take several business days to post to your account. Not paying attention to this can get you into financial trouble, as most U.S. banks automatically allow overdraft. They charge a

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hefty fine for the service though – usually $35 per incident – which can quickly add up if you’re already “in the red” or have a negative balance.

Transportation Most PFP Fellows will be placed in mid-sized cities, many of which do not have extensive public transportation systems. That said, Fellows are expected to utilize public transportation to the greatest extent possible. In the past, Fellows have complained that public transportation is not easily accessible in many American cities. Regrettably, this is sometimes true. While public transport is quite efficient in cities like New York or Washington, D.C., you may find that in your host city buses and trains run infrequently (hourly or every thirty minutes). This may mean that you have to plan your journey in advance. In addition, in all but the largest cities, you may find that few people walk between destinations – even if the distance is short and the sidewalk in good shape.

Communication (Mobile Phones and Internet) In the United States most of citizens are online. In the unlikely event that your host family does not have unlimited Internet in their home, you may be able to gain access at your worksite. Likewise, many cafes, bars, and restaurants offer free Wi-Fi to customers. For information on how to use the telephone in the US, see the section called “Using the Telephone in the USA” in the appendix.

Travel Documents • Passport. To enter the United States you need a valid international passport issued by your country. If you hold a valid international passport, check with the appropriate authorities to make sure a new type of passport has not replaced the type you have. If you do not have a valid international passport, consult American Councils immediately. • DS-2019. When your acceptance is confirmed, the program will help process a U.S. government Form DS-2019 (also known as “Certificate of Eligibility for Exchange Visitor 'J-1' Status”). This form permits you to receive your U.S. visa. This form, together with your passport, goes to the U.S. Consulate when you apply for your visa. You will have assistance with this step from your local representative. • U.S. Visa. A visa is a stamp the U.S. Consulate puts in your passport. It gives you permission to enter the United States. All PFP program participants come to the U.S. on J-1 visas. These are “non-immigrant exchange visitor” visas. When in the U.S. on this visa, you may not work at formal jobs and you must perform your internship duties. This is not a tourist visa and it is valid only while you are on the PFP program. Because you are coming to the USA on a government exchange, the visa you receive requires you to return to your country at the end of the exchange program. There is a tw0-year home

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stay requirement as well. The U.S. visa issued to you will not be amended or extended beyond the program end date. • Exit customs form. You may have a customs form from your country and/or the country in which your international departure airport is located. These forms usually require information about you (name, nationality, etc.) and about what you are taking with you. The amount of currency you are carrying must be declared. Usually there are questions about whether you are taking any weapons, narcotics, or antiques. While on the international flight you will receive two forms that you need to complete so you are ready to go through immigration and customs at the airport in the U.S. • Form I-94. Foreign visitors to the U.S. arriving via air or sea no longer need to complete paper Customs and Border Protection Form I-94. Upon arrival, a CBP officer stamps the travel document of each arriving non-immigrant traveler with the admission date, the class of admission, and the date that the traveler is admitted until. If a traveler would like a paper Form I-94, one can be requested during the inspection process. • US Customs Declaration. You must complete this form and have it ready to give the customs official in the airport. The customs official may ask you to show the gifts you are taking to the US. Do not take any fresh meat or fish, cheese, sausage, plant products, other living things or large amounts of alcohol or tobacco. These items will be taken from you by the customs officials.

Travel Arrangements You will be notified by American Councils about your travel arrangements. All PFP Fellows will travel to the United States on flights arranged by American Councils. DO NOT lock your luggage. This especially includes your checked luggage. If you lock your luggage and it needs to be examined by security officials, they will break the lock, perhaps also causing damage to your luggage. Never leave luggage out of your sight while traveling. Luggage left unattended in an airport may be stolen, or it may be destroyed by security officers. If you must leave your luggage for a brief time, be sure another member of the group you are traveling with watches it for you. As a common courtesy, notify your group leader before separating from the group.

Frequently Asked Questions Q. Can I choose the state/organization for my fellowship? A. No. American Councils will work with city, state, and federal legislatures and non-profit organizations to match the participant with a work placement, taking into account both the needs of the employer and the interests and professional background of the fellow. Your preferences will be taken into consideration, but Fellows are reminded that flexibility is the key to success. Perfect matches will rarely, if ever, be possible due to numerous factors including local budgets and schedules, current projects, and

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competing demands. Fellows can provide their suggestions, but placements in a desirable office are not guaranteed. Q. What if I don’t like my placement? A. Since it is a challenge to perfectly match each participant with a host organization, we

will work with the Fellow and the supervisor to try and alleviate any problems or try to find a way to make the fellowship more interesting to the participant.

Q. Can I switch placements with another Fellow? A. No. Q. Can I travel anywhere while I’m in the US? A. You may travel on weekends but only with prior approval from American Councils. A travel request form should be submitted to American Councils before making any travel arrangements. You may not travel outside the U.S. during the program. Q. How many vacation days do I get and do I need to take them all at once? A. PFP is a short program therefore Fellows do not receive vacation time. If you get ill, you may take sick time but be advised that you may be required to provide a doctor’s note. Q. What if I have an emergency back at home? Will I be able to leave early? A. In the case of an emergency (death or severe illness of an immediate family member) or other unforeseen event, American Councils may seek approval from the Department of State to have Fellows repatriated early. Q. How will I get around? Can I drive a car? A. In most cases, Fellows use public transportation (bus, metro, walking, bike, etc) or carpool. Exceptions may be made for participants who can obtain appropriate insurance coverage, have a valid driver’s license compliant with US Federal and State laws, complete the Driving Waiver Form, and have written approval from American Councils. American Councils cannot be held liable for any death, injury or damage sustained while driving. Failure to obtain appropriate insurance and authorization from American Councils can result in termination from the Program. Q. Will I get my own work space or office? Not necessarily. Although most hosts will be very accommodating, some legislative offices simply do not have the means or capacity to offer each fellow their own work space. Such was the case in one of the Colorado General Assembly offices, where all of the Fellows in the office had access to just one computer. However, those experiences are less common. In most cases, you can expect to have a cubicle or a desk, and your own computer. Q. I would like to join a gym while I’m in the U.S. Will the program sponsor that? What are my options?

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Ask about the possibility of using the gym in the building you work in, if that is available. Check out if there is a Community Recreational Center or a YMCA nearby – they often have cheap memberships and student discounts. Be sure to confirm their cancellation policies however. Q. Can I switch from a host family to a rented apartment? Not unless there are mitigating circumstances that would necessitate an urgent change. This includes a death or illness in the host family, an unsafe atmosphere, or other unfortunate situation. Any move from the originally assigned living arrangement must be approved by American Councils. Q. Can I quit the program if my circumstances change? We all understand that sometimes circumstances change. If you accept your place on the PFP program but then learn, before departure, that you will not be able to participate – please inform American Councils as soon as possible so that an alternate may be promoted. During the course of the program, if an emergency happens and you must leave the United States, we will work with you to facilitate an early return. Depending on the circumstances, you may still be considered an alumnus and required to participate in follow-on activities.

Program Policies

Copy of Terms and Conditions

I. PARTICIPATION

A. PFP is a professional experience. Participants are expected and required to take the entire PFP experience, including the pre-

departure orientation, arrival orientation, fellowship position, and the Professional Fellows Congress seriously and to perform the duties required in a conscientious and professional manner. Participants are expected and required to work regular hours in keeping with those worked by others in the fellowship site. Participants are expected and required to attend and participate in all sessions at the Professional Fellows Congress at the end of the Program.

B. Maintain positive relations with your hosts. American Councils is responsible for providing participants with adequate housing.

Participants will be housed with host families and are expected to treat their hosts with thought and respect. If any problems or concerns arise during the home stay, participants should discuss them immediately with their host family and American Councils. Every effort should be made to resolve the problem as soon as possible. Please be mindful of the hospitality and goodwill that the host family shows by opening their home to participants.

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If a host family is not available, American Councils will provide alternative housing arrangements.

C. Keep the lines of communication open and communicate with respect.

Please inform American Councils of any problems, concerns, comments or successes that occur over the course of the program period. The earlier we are aware of a problem, the sooner we can work with you and the involved parties to solve the problem. Please keep in mind that you should always communicate in a professional manner with the staff of American Councils, and that we expect fellows to maintain the level and type of communication befitting a mid-career professional. Participants should inform American Councils of the highlights of their experiences, which are regularly shared with the U.S. Department of State.

D. Complete program reports as requested. Participants are responsible for completing program-related online surveys. The reporting

process will be fully explained upon arrival to the United States. Failure to submit a report will be considered a failure to participate in the program and will have consequences.

E. Know the laws and obey them. Participants must obey all U.S. laws including but not limited to J-1 visa regulations. In particular, under the terms of the grant and under the laws governing the J-1 visa required for participation in the PFP program participants must return to their home country immediately upon completion of the fellowship.

F. Usage of recreational drugs and other controlled substances The possession, sale, or use of marijuana and other controlled substances is illegal under U.S. Federal law, and these activities are proactively discouraged. Even in jurisdictions where such activities are permitted by State or local law, violation of Federal laws regarding marijuana and other controlled substances can jeopardize your future eligibility for acquiring a visa to the United States. In addition, violation of Federal laws regarding marijuana and other controlled substances may result in cancellation of issued US visa, suspension of visa status, termination from a program, and/or removal from the United States.

G. Obtaining a U.S. visa is required for participation.

Participation in this program is conditional upon the participant's receipt of the necessary visa authorization (J-1) for entrance into the United States. American Councils staff will provide necessary instructions on completing the visa application. American Councils will reimburse participants for travel and accommodations (for participants who live outside of the capital) to acquire a U.S. visa. Booking of travel and hotels must be coordinated with the American Councils’ staff to be eligible for reimbursement. American Councils will not cover the cost of obtaining a passport or photographs to obtain a passport or visa.

H. Working a job other than your fellowship is prohibited. Participation in the PFP program carries an obligation for holding a full-time fellowship in a U.S. state legislature, Congressional office, city council, business accelerators, incubators or

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other government or non-profit office. As J-1 visa holders, participants are not permitted to be otherwise engaged in any form of employment while in the United States.

I. You are not allowed to travel independently without American Councils advance permission. Participation in fellowship assignments, seminars, excursions, meetings with mentors and local coordinators, participation in Internet-based communication with other fellows via the PFP program web site, and other program activities is mandatory. If participants wish to travel, they must receive approval from American Councils, their worksite and host family (if applicable). If travel is on a weekend, only permission from American Councils and the host family is required. Permission to travel must be requested from American Councils using the Travel Request Form, at least 4 days prior to departure date. Only work-related travel will be permitted during work days. Participants must receive approval from their fellowship supervisor (if travel is on a weekday) and final approval from American Councils.

J. American Councils has the right to remove you from the program if your behavior is unacceptable. American Councils reserves the right to withdraw a participant from the program if it decides that such action would be in the participant's best interest or in the best interests of the Program. American Councils will initiate withdrawal actions only for the following reasons: (1) gross nonperformance of professional responsibilities; (2) breakdown of physical or mental health that would seriously impair the fellow's participation; (3) evidence of dishonesty with regard to some material fact or withholding of obviously relevant information in dealings with American Councils whether before or after selection for participation; (4) violation of a U.S. law or (5) other action that might damage the reputation of American Councils, the U.S. Department of State, or the host organization, which includes speaking publically in a manner that is either unbefitting of the fellowship or could damage the reputation of American Councils, the Department of State, or the host organization.

K. You are responsible for filing your own taxes.

Each participant agrees and understands that she/he will be responsible for filing an income tax return for money received both from American Councils and from outside sources during their stay in the United States. Participants should be aware that U.S. tax law is subject to change, and policies affecting participants may vary depending on their home country and existing tax treaties. Participants should understand that if they earn more than $10,000 during a calendar year not including tuition and book allowances, the income is taxable and the participant may be required to pay taxes on the amount before leaving the United States. Each participant must understand that American Councils staff are neither qualified nor permitted by law to answer questions regarding taxation. Participants may obtain all pertinent information at an office of the United States Internal Revenue Service (IRS) or at a public library.

L. Family members are not allowed on the program.

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Family members, including but not limited to spouses, children or others will not be permitted to join participants on the program. Under no circumstances will family members be permitted to stay with US host families.

M. Obligation not to engage in dangerous activities or to drive an automobile while in

the United States. Don’t engage in activities posing significant risk to life and health. Participants agree to avoid life-threatening activities including, but not limited to: parachuting, gliding, bicycling without a helmet, skateboarding or roller-blading without safety guards. Participants understand that the health, and accident insurance provided by American Councils does not cover injuries or death due to the aforementioned activities. Participants will receive a detailed description of the insurance policy to learn the full list of activities not covered by the insurance. Fellows may not drive automobiles while in the United States. Exceptions may be made for participants who can obtain appropriate insurance coverage, have a valid driver’s license compliant with US Federal and State laws, complete the Driving Waiver Form, and have written approval from American Councils. American Councils can not be held liable for any death, injury or damage sustained while driving. Failure to obtain appropriate insurance and authorization from American Councils can result in termination from the Program.

N. Participation in follow-on program activities is mandatory. The two post-U.S. program components are as important to the PFP program as the U.S.-based work experiences. As such, all PFP participants are required to submit a competitive application for participation in the Outbound American portion of the program, as well as participate in general post-fellowship activities. See Section III for more details.

II. REPORTING TO AMERICAN COUNCILS Each participant is required to inform American Councils immediately of:

1. Prior to departure to the U.S., any change in address and contact information. 2. Participants must inform American Councils about any of the following:

a. Changes in address or telephone number in the U.S.; b. Accidents, serious illness, or hospitalization; c. Circumstances interfering with further program participation; d. Changes in marital status; and e. Arrests or violations of U.S. law.

3. Participants have to inform American Councils office in Washington, DC (work hours phone number: 202-833-7522; off-work hours and holidays phone number 1-800-621-9559) immediately about the following: a. Accidents, serious illness, or hospitalization b. If a participants becomes a victim or suspect in a crime.

III. POST-INTERNSHIP PARTICIPATION IN THE PROGRAM

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A. PFP Fellows must agree to the following statement: “I agree to share my PFP fellowship experience, as well as my broader exposure to the U.S. political system economic empowerment concepts and social innovation, with my peers on my return to my home country. I agree to make presentations about my fellowship and explore with other fellows opportunities to communicate about my experience. This might include conducting conferences, discussion groups, and mock legislatures with members of my peer group, as well as representatives of the local and regional government. ”

B. American Councils and the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs of the U.S. Department of State, which sponsors the PFP program, require that publications which are related to participation in the program carry an acknowledgment as follows: "Participation in this fellowship was supported by American Councils for International Education, with funds provided by the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs of the U.S. Department of State. Neither of these organizations is responsible for the views expressed herein."

In addition, PFP Fellows are required to send American Councils copies of any such publication that is a direct outgrowth of participation in the exchange.

C. Participants of the PFP program grant American Councils and the U.S. Department of State the right to use their names in promotional materials, press publications, and TV broadcasts connected to the program. Moreover, participants grant American Councils and the State Department the right to reproduce or use in any other way written or photographic materials provided to or collected by American Councils about the participants without additional permission. These materials may include letter fragments or quotations or pictures acquired during the program, outbound project, or other events administered by American Councils.

IV. FINANCIAL PROVISIONS

A. Travel: The participant will be provided with one ticket for round-trip international transportation from his or her home city to the United States. American Councils will pay for the round-trip ticket from the point of entry to the participant's city of placement and for travel to any other locations of required program activity. No stopovers will be allowed. NO CHANGES WILL BE MADE FOR PERSONAL TRAVEL.

B. Pre-Departure Orientation & Visa Interviews: American Councils will arrange or

reimburse for expenses associated with travel from the participant’s home city to his/her capitol city or other designated location, as well as meals and accommodations, so that participants may participate in a pre-departure orientation and visa interviews.

C. U.S. Orientation: Participants will participate in a short orientation program to be held in Washington, D.C., prior to embarking on the professional fellowship.

D. Medical Insurance: Participants are required to obtain and submit a medical health certificate with doctor’s signature, to be reviewed and approved by American Councils prior to departure to the United States. American Councils will not reimburse participants

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for the cost of completing the health form. Participants are covered for emergency medical treatment by the health benefit plan. Medical insurance does not include the cost of routine eye examinations, eyeglasses, contact lenses, or any dental work. If participants require dental treatment, they must pay for all the costs from their own funds. Be sure to complete treatment for the above ailments before departure for the United States. Health benefit plan does NOT cover pre-existing conditions, dental work or any cosmetic treatments.

E. Reimbursement of funds to American Councils: If the participant has received airline

tickets from American Councils and subsequently withdraws from the program before arriving in the United States, the tickets or their equivalent value in U.S. dollars must be returned to American Councils. If, after arrival in the U.S., the participant's program is shortened, she/he must return to American Councils money received for any purpose prorated for the period of non-participation, and settle all obligations to American Councils before departure from the United States.

F. Excess Baggage: American Councils is unable to provide funds to pay for transporting extra baggage between the United States and the participant’s home country or within the United States. Extra baggage fees are the sole responsibility of the participant. Please plan accordingly. Please check the regulations of your airlines for luggage policies. Please note that domestic flights usually allow only one checked bag per person.

G. Financials: Participants will receive a stipend for incidentals and weekday lunches while on-program. Participants will be provided accommodations and meals in homestays or an alternative living situation for the duration of their fellowships. Per diem may be provided during the pre-departure orientation, arrival orientation and Washington, D.C. workshop if meals are not being otherwise provided.

H. Dependents and relatives of participants: The program does not support dependents or relatives of participants in any way. American Councils cannot assist them in making travel, visa, accommodation, or insurance arrangements.

V. LIABILITY American Councils for International Education: ACTR/ACCELS and its officers and representatives assume no responsibility for any injury, accidental illness, loss of personal property, or other contingencies which may befall the participant during, or as a result of, her/his participation in the program. The Participant agrees and understands that there are inherent risks involved with traveling abroad which are beyond the control of American Councils. These include risks involved in traveling to and within, and returning from a foreign country; foreign political, legal, social, and economic conditions; different standards of design, safety and maintenance of buildings, public places and conveyances; local medical and weather conditions, and the possibility of emergency evacuation as a result of these various conditions. Therefore, the participant agrees to assume all such risks thereby releasing and forever discharging American Councils of and against any and all liability and responsibility for any

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claim or cause of action on account of any personal injury, accident, damage, expenses, or other loss caused, suffered, or incurred by or to myself, arising out of or in any way associated, directly or indirectly, with any living arrangements incident to my participation in the program.

VI. FORCE MAJEURE The participant understands that fire, earthquake, flood, hurricane, tornado, explosion, accident, strike, act of God, war, or other catastrophic event over which either the participant or the program has no control, may cause either party to be delayed or prevented from fulfilling its obligations under this agreement. If such an event occurs, every attempt will be made to reschedule participation in the program. If rescheduling is not feasible, program participation will be terminated.

VII. GOVERNING LAW AND JURISDICTION

This agreement is in all respects governed by the law of the United States. Jurisdiction lies in a United States Federal Court located in the United States.

I have carefully read and I understand all of the provisions of the American Councils Terms and Conditions contract. If I am invited to travel to the United States as a participant in the Professional Fellows Program I will agree to all of the terms and conditions outlined above.

Copy of Host Family/Fellow Contract As a Host Family:

1. I/we agree to provide a safe living environment in my home or residence from until for one Professional Fellows Program participant. I understand that this housing must provide sufficient space for the Fellow and be clean and well kept.

2. I understand that the Host Family is required to provide two meals a day or the ingredients for making such meals (breakfast and dinner). The Fellow should have access to the kitchen so that he/she may prepare his/her own meals. Under no circumstances should the Fellow be required to pay for food for the meals mentioned herein.

3. I understand that the Host Family can request the Fellow’s removal from the home in the case of incompatibility. Dismissal from the program or removal from a Host Family however, is at the discretion of American Councils and its sponsors, the United States Department of State.

4. I agree to respect the Fellow’s right to privacy.

5. I agree to complete any surveys sent to me from the American Councils office.

6. I understand that the first way to resolve any questions or problems between host and Fellow is to discuss this situation directly with the other. In case that this cannot be resolved through discussion, American Councils should be contacted for support.

7. I understand that I will not be paid for my services and that hosting a PFP Fellow is an act of international goodwill designed to promote better understanding.

I have read and understand the above agreements and requirements for participating in American Council’s Host Family Program for PFP Fellows. I agree to abide by all of the above requirements.

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As a PFP Fellow:

1. I promise to keep my personal and shared living spaces clean and well kept. This may mean that I am expected to vacuum, dust, or perform other chores.

2. I understand that I may be expected to prepare/cook some of my own meals. If I do so, I will be responsible for washing up afterwards.

3. I understand that the Host Family can request my removal from their home in the case of incompatibility. In addition, I understand that I may request to be removed from the Host Family’s home for the same reason. Dismissal from the program or removal from a Host Family is at the discretion of American Councils and its sponsors, the United States Department of State.

4. I agree to respect the Host Family’s right to privacy.

5. I understand that the first way to resolve any questions between host and Fellow is to discuss this situation directly with the other. In case that this cannot be resolved through discussion, American Councils should be contacted for support.

6. I understand that the Host Family is not being paid for their services and that hosting a PFP Fellow is an act of international goodwill designed to promote better understanding. As such, I will do everything in my power to be a good guest. This includes, but is not limited to, showing respect for any pets, keeping reasonable hours, being respectful of others’ schedules, making every effort to use public transportation (if available), and asking permission before having guests.

I have read and understand the above agreements and requirements for participating in American Council’s Host Family Program for PFP Fellows. I agree to abide by all of the above requirements.

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Appendix

American Food and Drink

Food in the United States is as diverse as the geography and the people that live here. Each region has its particular style of cooking or special dish, and each dish has a history that intertwines with both geography and people.

Dinner is considered the main meal of the day, usually served after 5:00pm but before 10:30pm. Breakfast and lunch are usually light and/or rushed during weekdays, but during the weekends or special occasions, breakfast can be a much more elaborate meal consisting of cereal, eggs, toast, pancakes, coffee, and/or fruit juice. Lunch is usually served around noon, and an American lunch menu almost always includes sandwiches, soups, French fries and more. Full desserts are typically only served after dinner, and become more elaborate for special occasions.

Food Favorites

Donuts

A few favorite donut chains are Krispy Kreme, Dunkin Donuts, Honey Dew, and Winchell's. Donut shops are not hard to find in most major cities. America also has a few of its own native donuts that are not found anywhere else: ask the clerk at the counter about a Boston cream donut, which is a filled with vanilla cream and topped with chocolate. If this does not suit, try a cruller: it is a twisted donut made of choux pastry and coated with cinnamon and

powdered sugar.

Smoothies and Coffee-Blended Drinks

Smoothies are typically made of a yogurt, milk, or sherbet base, mixed with a combination of fruits, juice and ice. The most popular chain is Jamba Juice, which can be found in most states. Coffee-blended drinks can be hot or cold, and may consist of coffee, milk, and flavorings (in the form of syrup) of your choosing. The cold ones usually blend ice with the other ingredients to form a slushy consistency. You can most typically find them at Starbucks (the inventor of many of these drinks), but their popularity has seen their availability soar to almost any coffee shop you can find (and you can expect to find one on almost every block, and sometimes two or three). Watch out, dieters –- these drinks can pack a lot of calories into them, especially when ordering the 16oz or larger sizes.

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Ice Cream

Ice cream is most certainly a beloved treat in this part of the world – it was actually here that the ice cream sundae was born. People in the United States are among both the top consumers and producers of ice cream in the world. Thus, it comes as no surprise that visitors will find a great deal of variety in how this frozen treat is served and prepared.

Deep Dish Pizza

A deep dish pizza is a type of pizza that is a hybrid between much older, traditional recipes and old

American traditions for pie: it is typically set in a deep round pan and baked in an oven until bubbling hot. It is so gooey and hot when it is served it is the only variety of American style pizza that is consumed with a knife and fork.

Cheese

When the phrase "American cheese" comes to mind, the image is that of a lurid, yellow-orange, pre-processed cheese with very little complexity. However, the truth is that cheese-making has undergone a Renaissance in the past ten years, with more locally produced foodstuffs getting attention. Most of the better cheeses made in the United States are not yet available for export, and many have been winning awards at London's World Cheese Awards of late (Cougar Gold being an example.)

Mexican food

You'll find some great Mexican food in the southwest (Arizona, New Mexico) and in the border states of California and Texas. In major cities where there is a very large Latino population, you will have no problem finding a wealth of Mexican food beyond the usual chain-restaurant fare. Tasty dishes to try include burritos with marinated or fried pork (al pastor or carnitas, respectively), or beef or fish tacos, enchiladas, chiles rellenos, pollo con mole (chicken with a special sauce), tamales, and a tall glass of whatever flavor agua fresca is in season (fruit water).

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Hamburgers

If you are on a diet, try seeking out a hamburger not from a fast food chain or roadside stand but rather from a restaurant – they are more likely to serve a turkey burger or bison burger (made from buffalo meat). Both will cut down quite a bit on the fat, as long as you don't add French fries to your meal.

Chili

This is a dish that is a staple throughout the southwest and portions of California and Texas; it is here that members of the species capsicum (chili pepper) are native and reach their northernmost habitat. The dish is famous in different parts of the world, but the real thing is so good that both the United States and Mexico lay claim to its invention. The typical bowlful of genuine chile con carne is hot, meaty, filled with kidney beans, and usually is quite spicy. It may come accompanied with sour cream or cheeses like queso blanco, cheddar or monterey jack,

and come served with skillet cornbread on the side or crumbled on top. Normally, it is eaten as a full hearty meal.

Cheese steak

The cheese steak is a very simple, inexpensive meal – it consists of chopped steak on a roll, topped with grilled onions and melted cheese. Famous eateries include Geno's, Pat's, and Jim's. Americans usually eat their Cheese steaks with chips or French fries, whichever is offered by the establishment they are dining in.

Seafood

New England is very famous for their seafood in particular. Today, a good deal of the United States fishing industry is located in New England, and this area boasts a 300-year history of fishermen plying their trade in the cold waters.

In New England, seafood lovers can enjoy the great variety of fish on local menus. Striped bass, bluefish, scallops, Jonah crab, steamed littleneck clams, oysters, and scrod

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are all traditional fare that are eaten with gusto depending on the time of year. Locals also pride themselves on New England style clam chowder and lobster.

Maple Syrup

This amber liquid has been produced in the United States since Pre-Columbian days. Though many restaurants offer imitation syrup made from corn on their pancakes, the real thing is still available in grocery stores, farmer's markets, and from the manufacturers themselves, usually mom-and-pop operations. Grading of maple syrup varies from light amber to dark amber, translating into a variance in sweetness, and maple syrup available in America generally is a little thicker than its Canadian counterpart.

Blueberries

Blueberries: the fame of these little fruits has spread around the world in recent years, but it is in the Northeast where the plant is native and has been consumed every summer since Native Americans learned they were good to eat. Blueberries are used in jam, bagels, yogurt, smoothies, ice cream and other products.

Barbecue Many Southern restaurants pride themselves on their special barbecue sauce. From the Carolinas to Kansas, people (and restaurants) jealously guard the secret to their recipes and sauces. Chicken wings, pulled pork or chicken sandwiches are popular, alongside large racks of baby back ribs. Fried chicken, pulled pork, fluffy biscuits, hominy grits, okra, cornbread, sweet tea, homemade lemonade, catfish, fried green tomatoes, hush puppies, and homemade macaroni and cheese are also foods attributed to the southern states.

Creole and Cajun Cooking

Louisiana state has a very distinct way of cooking that is very different from her other southern sisters in large part due to her history: Spanish, French, Italian, Choctaw, and West African peoples all came to the live "on the bayou" at some point or another and

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each one brought very different ingredients to the table. The result is, to this day, a very tasty cuisine found nowhere else on earth. The recipes use simple ingredients and often include a dark roux thickener of flour and pork fat. Cajun dishes include dirty rice, catfish, gumbo (a stew thickened with okra pods) and jambalaya (a rice dish cooked with shrimp, oysters, chicken, or ham and seasoned with herbs and spices).Most recipes rely on sautéing onions, celery, and green bell peppers (otherwise known as the "holy trinity") and adding a lot of spices and filé powder, which is made of ground sassafras leaves and used as a thickener.

Beer & Microbrews Although beer has been a mainstay in America since Colonial times, since the 1980s, Americans have taken a renewed interest in making new/rediscovering old recipes for beer and ale. Though domestic sales are still dominated by larger macrobrews, all over the nation smaller, newer breweries and brands are showing up on tap in bars and on the shelves of liquor stores, many of them (like the now-mighty Sam Adams, a Boston-based beer named for the very real beer brewing patriot) are making inroads into the traditional territory of large corporations like Anheuser-Busch or Miller. Many of these beers are regional in nature: Brooklyn Lager (New York City), Harpoon Ale (New England), Pete's Wicked (Texas), Great Lakes (Chicago and Midwest), Red Brick (Georgia and the South), and Anchor Steam (California/West Coast) .

Bourbon & Whiskey

When Scottish and Irish settlers came to the U.S., they brought with them recipes for distilling alcohol. Because traditional materials (rye and barley in particular) weren't always on hand or able to be grown, they adapted many of the recipes to use new crops like maize and sugar, exchanging peat smoking for sugar maple, and shortening the aging process. Over time, the result was a type of whiskey unique to the United States with a sweeter taste than whiskey from the British Isles, and a less dry aftertaste than its fraternal twin in Canada. Some of the better brands of American whiskey are Jack Daniels, Wild Turkey, Rebel Yell, and Maker's Mark.

Wine

In 1769, Spanish missionaries planted the first grapevines in California just outside of their first Mission (near present day San Diego) for the purpose of making sacramental or table wine. Roughly 200 years later in 1976, California wine beat French varietals in a blind taste test in both the red and white wine categories, forever changing the face of the industry. (A recent 2006 rematch held very similar results.) Today, California makes up to 90 percent of the American wine market.

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Common U.S. Expressions/Colloquialisms American jargon diverges from the rest of the world -- most notably from British English. If you were taught English using British vocabulary, many familiar words may mean something different in the U.S., requiring you to adopt a new vocabulary to be quickly understood. Here are some of the most common translations:

European/British English American English

City center Downtown

Metro, Underground Metro, Subway, Light Rail

By Rail/Rail Station By Train/Train Station

Mineral water (still) Bottled water

Mineral water (sparkling) Club soda, seltzer, sparkling water, Pellegrino

Reception Front Desk

Porter Bell boy

Lift Elevator

Arriving at a hotel Checking in

Departing from a hotel Checking out

Water closet, WC, toilet Bathroom, restroom, ladies room

Jumper Sweater

Trainers Tennis shoes, sneakers

Car park Parking garage (indoor), parking lot

Queue Line

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Paracetamol Tylenol

Petrol Gasoline, gas

Biscuit Cookie

Sweets Candy

Bookshop Bookstore

Trousers Pants

Cinema Movie Theatre

Sticking plaster Band-aid

Supermarket trolley Cart

Pavement Sidewalk

Tap Faucet

Bath Tub

Jam Jelly

Take Away To Go

Chips French Fries

Vest T-shirt

Serviette Napkin

Surname Last name

Bill (in a restaurant) Check (in a restaurant)

Cash machine Automatic teller machine (ATM)

Flat Apartment

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Regional Dialects

Immigrants from many different countries settled the United States, and these immigrants tended to congregate in different areas. Thus, each region of the United States has its own unique dialect, accent, and vocabulary. Residents of New England and the Southeast have very distinctive accents, which are sometimes incomprehensible even to traveling Americans! Americans living in the western states tend to have less accented speech, but use different slang than their eastern counterparts. American language changes a lot from year to year, with new words constantly used in everyday speech and in publications. Check out the American Dialect Society webpage (http://www.americandialect.org/) for a list of new words that have been informally inducted into American English each year. Slang City (http://www.slangcity.com/) webpage is another good resource for learning about American slang.

Here are a few examples of different vocabulary used around the country:

Carbonated beverages: These can be called "soda", "pop" "tonic" or "coke," regardless of the type of carbonated beverage referred to. Usage varies by geography.

A popular sandwich in the U.S. is contracted on a long, baguette-like roll (but usually softer, not crusty). Fillings can be deli-meats, steak and cheese, tuna or chicken salad or veal, chicken or meatballs with sauce and cheese. Depending on where you order it, this sandwich can be called a "sub", a "grinder" (New Englanders say "grind-dah"), a "hero", a "bomb" or a "hoagie". No matter what you call them, they're delicious!

Dates in the U.S.

The format in America for dates follows a very different pattern than other parts of the world: November 7th, 2012, would be recorded as 11-7-12 (month, day, year) rather than 7-11-12 (day, month, year.) So be careful!

Europeans in general should take care to know that the 24-hour clock is very rarely used in the US, and usually only by medical experts, the military, and the post office. Also, clocks usually don't indicate a.m. or p.m. as it is simply a matter of looking around (many rail stations are outdoors.) Rail (train) and bus timetables do not use the 24 hour clock either, but rather list the times of the trains in the order they leave, with the assumption that the ones at the beginning of the list are a.m., and ones at the end of the list are p.m.

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US Postal Information Delivery. The mail system in America usually works well. Mail is delivered to individual homes and businesses once a day, Monday through Saturday. No mail is delivered on legal holidays or Sundays, except Express Mail (see below). Mailboxes. These are located around the area where you will live and will provide a safe place to mail stamped letters. The time of mail pickup is shown on the box. Address form for US addresses Name Street address (house number, street name) City, State, Zip code “Zip Code” Numbers. To speed up mail delivery in the United States, a postal code number has been assigned to every town and city in every state and, in large cities, to areas within a city. This “zip code” number should be written after the name of the state on all pieces of mail to be delivered in the United States. The post office can give you the correct zip code, either by telephone or in person at the office, for other cities in the United States. You can also search for it online at www.usps.gov. Do not mail anything without the zip code. It may never be delivered. For letters going to other countries, write the country name as the last line of the address, below the city and zip code. Money Orders. Do not send cash through the mail. Send either a personal check or a United States money order. Money orders are available at post offices and banks. There is usually a small charge for money orders. Mail within the United States First Class (regular mail): $.44 for the first ounce (32 grams) within the U.S. The shape of the envelope can also affect the price, so be careful if you buy cards with odd-sized envelopes. Express Mail: This is the fastest service offered by the US Postal Service, with next-day delivery available to most areas in the US. Certified Mail: If you have important documents (like a passport) to send through the mail, they should be sent by certified mail. The postal clerk can tell you what a particular letter will cost to send by certified mail. Registered Mail: Used for mailing items of value. The fee depends upon the value of the material being mailed. Overseas Mail Airmail letters: Envelopes for airmail letters must be at least 3-1/2 x 5-1/2 inches (8.75 x 13.75 cm) in size. The cost is$.98 for the first ounce; there is an additional charge for each additional half-ounce.

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Using the Telephone in the USA Telephone Directory. This well-organized book includes a great deal of useful information. • The White Pages of the Directory list alphabetically by name all subscribing residents and businesses in the geographic area. An online version is available at www.whitepages.com. • The Yellow Pages (“classified section”) list services, products, and professional people in categories arranged alphabetically. At the back of the classified section is the index to the Yellow Pages, which will enable you to quickly locate the product, service, or professional you want. An online version is available at www.yellowpages.com. You might also try www.citysearch.com or www.yelp.com. Directory Assistance. If you cannot find the number of a person or business, dial 411 or 555-1212 for directory assistance. Be aware that there may be a charge for using service. Information. If you do not know the telephone number of someone out of town, find the area code number of the city in the front pages of the phone book. Then, dial “1” plus the three digit area code plus 555-1212. Tell the operator the name of the city and the name of the person you wish to call, and you will be given the number. There may be a charge for this information call. Operator. Dial “0” (zero) for the operator if you need help. Public Telephones. Public pay telephones are available in booths outdoors and indoors throughout American towns. Local calls cost between $.35 and $.50. Instructions are usually printed on the sticker attached to the phone. Private Telephones. Some Americans use dial, or “rotary,” telephones but most now have push button, called “touch-tone,” phones. Local Calls. Dial the seven or ten digit telephone number, as given. The length of the telephone number for a local call, seven digits or ten digits, depends on the geographic area. Ten digit telephone numbers are used in some highly populated areas. Long distance Calls. This is a call made to another town or state. The rate (cost) for a long distance call depends on the time of the day, the length of time you talk, the distance of the call, and the type of call.

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• Collect calls are long distance calls made to people who agree to accept the charges (pay for the call). If you answer the phone at your host family’s house and are asked, “Will you accept a collect call?” say “no” unless the person is a family member or you are expecting the call. Do not make a collect call unless you think the person called will accept the charges. • Toll free (800, 866, 877 and 888) numbers are assigned to businesses that want their customers to be able to place calls to the business without paying for the call. Airline reservation offices and mail order companies are examples of businesses that provide toll free numbers as a service to their customers. International Calls. Almost 80 countries of the world may be directly dialed from the USA. Dialing direct is the most expensive way to place an international call. The rates to many countries are lower during night hours and on Sunday. The least expensive way to make a call out of the country is using a “calling card”. Calling cards. A "calling card" is a pre-paid way to make long distance telephone calls without incurring a charge to your host family's telephone bill. You can purchase a calling card with a value of $10, $20 or more. Depending on the city or country to which you call, the card will provide a certain number of calling minutes. Calling cards are available in many stores. Emergency Calls. Many cities use the phone number 911 for emergency help from the Fire Department, the police, or for an ambulance. Find out the procedure (or number) for the place you live from your host family. Cell Phones. Your cell phone may or may not work in the United States. If you have a mobile with a SIM card (most GSM phones) and wish to buy a local SIM card in the U.S. you are limited to two American cell phone providers – AT&T and T-Mobile. Verizon and Sprint are also very popular, but their phones are not typically GSM compatible. You will probably want to select a “pay as you go” plan since most cellular providers require one-to-two year contracts from their subscribers. If you go to an AT&T or T-Mobile store, you should be able to buy a SIM card and your initial minutes without encountering many difficulties.

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US Time Zones

Temperatures In the U.S., temperature is reported in degrees Fahrenheit. Centigrade Fahrenheit 40° 104° very hot 37° 98.6° body temperature 32° 90° hot summer day 27° 80° summer day 21° 70° pleasant weather 16° 60° pleasant weather 10° 50° sweater weather 0° 32° freezing -7° 20° very cold -18° 0° extremely cold

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Metric Conversions Liquides 1 gallon = 3.875 litres 4 quarts = 1 gallon 1 quart = 0.946 litres 2 pints = 1 quart 1 pint = 0.473 litres 2 cups = 1 pint Weights 1 pound = 0.4536 kilograms 2.2 pounds = 1 kilogram 1 ounce = 28.35 grams 16 ounces = 1 pound Lengths 1 yard = 0.914 meters 3 feet = 1 yard 1 foot = 30.48 centimeters 1 foot = 12 inches 1 inch = 2.54 centimeters Distances 0.62 miles = 1 kilometer 1 mile = 1.609 kilometers

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US State Abbreviations AK Alaska AL Alabama AR Arkansas AZ Arizona CA California CO Colorado CT Connecticut DC District of Columbia DE Delaware FL Florida GA Georgia HI Hawaii IA Iowa ID Idaho IL Illinois IN Indiana KS Kansas KY Kentucky LA Louisiana MA Massachusetts MD Maryland ME Maine MI Michigan MN Minnesota MO Missouri MS Mississippi MT Montana NC North Carolina

ND North Dakota NJ New Jersey NE Nebraska NH New Hampshire NM New Mexico NV Nevada NY New York OH Ohio OK Oklahoma OR Oregon PA Pennsylvania RI Rhode Island SC South Carolina SD South Dakota TN Tennessee TX Texas UT Utah VA Virginia VT Vermont WA Washington WI Wisconsin WY Wyoming WV West Virginia

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Important Contacts

Nationwide/Local Emergency: 911 Fire, ambulance, or police: 911 is free from all phones American Councils, Washington, DC Contact: Leslie Ryan, Program Manager Jaimie Holmes, Program Officer Davron Mirsagatov, Program Officer Andie Horning, Program Assistant Zachary Knight, Program Assistant 1828 L Street NW, Suite 1200 Washington, DC 20036 Tel: 202-833-7522 800-621-9559 (emergency)