genebanks and pre-breeding
TRANSCRIPT
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http://croptrust.orghttp://croptrust.org http://croptrust.orghttp://croptrust.org
Pre-breeding in a rational global Pre-breeding in a rational global system for system for ex situex situ conservation conservation
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International imperativesInternational imperativesInternational imperativesInternational imperatives
• GPA calls on countries to: “develop an efficient goal-oriented, economically efficient and
sustainable system of ex situ conservation”
• ITPGRFA calls on Parties to: “cooperate to promote the development of an efficient and
sustainable system of ex situ conservation”
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Birth of the TrustBirth of the TrustBirth of the TrustBirth of the Trust
• Established under international law Oct. 2004
• Jointly founded by FAO and Bioversity (on behalf of CGIAR)
• Endowment fund target currently $260 million Fund at $80 mill long-term grants ($1.8 mill/year)
+ project funds (e.g. Gates Foundation)
• Essential element of funding strategy of ITPGRFA
• Technical framework is Global Plan of Action
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The visionThe visionThe visionThe vision
A rational global systemfor the efficient and effectiveex situ conservation and use
of PGRFA
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The State of the World - ChallengesThe State of the World - ChallengesThe State of the World - ChallengesThe State of the World - Challenges
• A lot of duplication A lot of un-duplicated accessions
• Lack of resources Inadequate equipment, facilities for storage
• Material dying• Little international distribution from many
collections
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The State of the World - PressuresThe State of the World - PressuresThe State of the World - PressuresThe State of the World - Pressures
• Collecting in face of climate change etc. Especially CWR (only 10% of holdings)
• Demand for impact (i.e. use) Decline of public sector plant breeding
• Interest in underutilized crops• More, better access to data and germplasm• More, better data
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The State of the World - The State of the World - OpportunitiesOpportunities
The State of the World - The State of the World - OpportunitiesOpportunities
• Regional and crop networks• CGIAR Centres• ITPGRFA• Tools
Biotech GIS
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A possible solutionA possible solutionA possible solutionA possible solution
The present The future?
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Conservation
Use
Svalbard Global Seed Vault
Safety backup
Long term collection: CG Centres etc.
Active national collection
Breeding/working collection
Farmers
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Towards a rational systemTowards a rational systemTowards a rational systemTowards a rational system
• Finished strategies Banana, barley, breadfruit, cassava, chickpea, coconut,
faba beans, grass pea, lentil, maize, oats, pigeon pea, potato, rice, sorghum, strawberry, sweet potato, taro, wheat (+triticale, rye).
• Next Beans, cowpea, finger millet, pearl millet, yam.
• All regional strategies done Via regional PGR networks
- AEGIS
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Towards a rational systemTowards a rational systemTowards a rational systemTowards a rational system
• Regeneration of unique, local, threatened material 21 Annex 1 crops, >200 collections, 80,000 accessions
identified by expert consultations, regional/crop strategies, regional networks
safety duplication
• Safety back-up at Svalbard International Seed Vault from the regenerations of seed crops
in-trust international seed collections
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CropTotal no. of collections
Total no. of accessions
aroids 10 1,509
bambara groundnut 3 227
banana 11 1,412
barley 18 6,362
bean 24 7,291
cassava 5 1,180
chickpea 14 4,183
cowpea 24 5,098
faba bean 14 2,400
finger millet 8 9,927
grasspea 10 3,952
lentil 16 3,728
maize 33 12,803
pearl millet 10 2,751
pigeon pea 3 888
potato 6 4,621
rice 14 16,435
sorghum 24 14,266
sweet potato 9 1,731
wheat 23 26,304
yam 14 3,270
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Svalbard, Norway 78° North, 15°East
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Towards a rational systemTowards a rational systemTowards a rational systemTowards a rational system
• Information systems data management system for genebanks
- GRIN-Global
global accession-level information system- SINGER, EURISCO, GRIN, ++++
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The future of genebanksThe future of genebanksThe future of genebanksThe future of genebanks
• Outsource some storage/distribution functions• Collaborate on genotyping• Focus on phenotyping (networks?)• Share data • Become users
Need more than just “better links” to users!• “Crown jewels” are not the accessions but the
products
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The future of genebanksThe future of genebanksThe future of genebanksThe future of genebanks
• Re-tooling• Re-training• Re-thinking
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Thank youThank you
http://croptrust.orghttp://croptrust.org http://croptrust.orghttp://croptrust.org