gender sensitivity seminar - south-east asia · pdf filegender sensitivity seminar for...

GWH WHO/SEARO 24 Nov 2006

GENDER SENSITIVITY SEMINARGENDER SENSITIVITY SEMINARFOR WHO/SEARO STAFFFOR WHO/SEARO STAFF

By:By:

GENDER, WOMEN AND HEALTH (GWH)GENDER, WOMEN AND HEALTH (GWH)WHO/ SEAROWHO/ SEARO


WHO MISSIONWHO MISSION

•• Attainment for all people Attainment for all people to achieve the highest status of health; to achieve the highest status of health;

•• Principle of WHO:Principle of WHO:““The enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of The enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of

health is one of thehealth is one of the fundamental rights of every fundamental rights of every human being without distinctionhuman being without distinction of race, religion, of race, religion,

political belief, economic or social conditionpolitical belief, economic or social condition””; ;


GENDER in the WHO worksGENDER in the WHO works•• WHO Gender policy in year 2002:WHO Gender policy in year 2002:

–– To Contribute To Better Health For Women And To Contribute To Better Health For Women And Men Through Health Research, Policies And Men Through Health Research, Policies And Programs Which Gives Due Attention To Gender Programs Which Gives Due Attention To Gender Considerations And Promote Equality And Equity Considerations And Promote Equality And Equity Between Men And Women. Between Men And Women.

–– One of the policy objectives is toOne of the policy objectives is topromote health equity and gender equality between men and promote health equity and gender equality between men and

women women throughout the life course.throughout the life course.


FAMILY WHERE WE BEGINFAMILY WHERE WE BEGIN


WHAT WE WANT:WHAT WE WANT:

•• EQUALITYEQUALITY

•• EQUITYEQUITY


What is the MEANING?What is the MEANING?

•• GENDER EQUALITY GENDER EQUALITY –– Same access, opportunitySame access, opportunity–– No preference, no discrimination, No preference, no discrimination, –– BalanceBalance

•• GENDER EQUITYGENDER EQUITY–– Fairness, give the same benefitFairness, give the same benefit–– JusticeJustice


WHAT WE SEE?WHAT WE SEE?


GENDER CONCEPTGENDERGENDER CONCEPTCONCEPT

gender genCarrying the character ofembryo

Shifting of biology domain to sociologyShifting of biology domain to sociology

Arranged by value of living and cultureArranged by value of living and culture

Changing of views, mindset and actionChanging of views, mindset and action


FAMILY VALUEFAMILY VALUE(Klein & White, 1996)(Klein & White, 1996)

•• AFFINAL AFFINAL –– CLOSE RELATIONSHIPCLOSE RELATIONSHIP–– LOVE AND CARELOVE AND CARE–– HARMONY HARMONY –– PEACE, SECUREPEACE, SECURE–– FAMILY PRAY TOGETHER STAY TOGETHERFAMILY PRAY TOGETHER STAY TOGETHER–– HOME SWEET HOME; MY HOME IS MY PALACEHOME SWEET HOME; MY HOME IS MY PALACE

•• FUTURE LIFE/COMMUNITY/WORLDFUTURE LIFE/COMMUNITY/WORLD–– DEVELOP KINSHIPDEVELOP KINSHIP–– FAMILY IS CHANGING OVER THE TIME: JOB, ECONOMY, FAMILY IS CHANGING OVER THE TIME: JOB, ECONOMY,

SOCIAL etc.;SOCIAL etc.;–– SOME TIME ONE IS ADVANCED POSITION THAN THE SOME TIME ONE IS ADVANCED POSITION THAN THE

OTHERS ALTERNATELY;OTHERS ALTERNATELY;•• WE ARE WALKING NOT JUMPINGWE ARE WALKING NOT JUMPING


Traditional FamilyTraditional Family•• PATRIARCHY PATRIARCHY –– men is number one men is number one

Modern FamilyModern Family


THE DIFFERENCES THAT COULD THE DIFFERENCES THAT COULD NOT BE CHANGEDNOT BE CHANGED

•• BORNBORN•• PHYSICALLYPHYSICALLY

–– BUT A L S O:BUT A L S O:•• CHARACTERCHARACTER•• NATURENATURE•• INHERITANCEINHERITANCE


GenderGenderJudith Lorber (1994) :

gender is institution created by human to organize their social life through the way of culture existed.

so gender role:pattern of attitudes and behaviour as well as actions expected or understood by the communityfor men and women

The gender role would be changed and vary along with The gender role would be changed and vary along with various cultures, ethnics, and social classes over the time various cultures, ethnics, and social classes over the time


WHY GENDER IMPORTANT??WHY GENDER IMPORTANT??

•• Men and women are different;Men and women are different;•• Despite of Biological differences; there are Despite of Biological differences; there are

socio, economic, culture even politicalsocio, economic, culture even politicaldifferences among them;differences among them;

•• The situation of gender that are different The situation of gender that are different (gender disparity) need to be understood;(gender disparity) need to be understood;–– When one sensitize about gender disparity; the effort When one sensitize about gender disparity; the effort

for making equality would be more appropriate to for making equality would be more appropriate to analyze the analyze the gender inequality and gender inequitygender inequality and gender inequityespecially in health outcomes;especially in health outcomes;


BALLANCEBALLANCE


EQUALITY AND EQUITYEQUALITY AND EQUITY


GENDER EQUITY THEORYGENDER EQUITY THEORY

•• Janet Saltzman Chafetz (1990)Janet Saltzman Chafetz (1990)–– Unintended change:Unintended change:

•• DemographyDemography•• TechnologyTechnology•• EconomicEconomic•• PoliticPolitic

–– Intended changeIntended change•• EliteElite•• WomenWomen•• Interest partyInterest party


B E I N G P A R E N T SB E I N G P A R E N T SMeaning of equal responsibility to EDUCATION AND SOCIAL EQUITYMeaning of equal responsibility to EDUCATION AND SOCIAL EQUITY

For women and children; for the future of the familyFor women and children; for the future of the family

GENDER, WOMEN AND HEALTH GENDER, WOMEN AND HEALTH -- Rights to health in gender perspectiveRights to health in gender perspective


GENDER AWARENESSGENDER AWARENESS

•• To differences on condition and situation of To differences on condition and situation of male and femalemale and female

•• Put advancement for both gender (Gender and Put advancement for both gender (Gender and Development = GAD)Development = GAD)–– Problems more focused to women because: more Problems more focused to women because: more

victims, womenvictims, women’’s limitation, lower status in social etcs limitation, lower status in social etc–– Examples: Domestic Violence, Illiteracy, Trafficking, Examples: Domestic Violence, Illiteracy, Trafficking,

maternal mortality etc.maternal mortality etc.


ADJUSTINGADJUSTING


Notes:Notes:

•• They say Men from Mars, Women from Venus: They say Men from Mars, Women from Venus: WE know God CREATED them;WE know God CREATED them;

•• They say Women speak like breathing They say Women speak like breathing –– WE WE considered that might happened because they considered that might happened because they are are lack of education;lack of education; thatthat’’s why they need s why they need Women EmpowermentWomen Empowerment

•• Longtime ago women could not make income; Longtime ago women could not make income; now they need technology to help them for now they need technology to help them for balancing the situation of family care: balancing the situation of family care: breast breast pump; child day care etc;pump; child day care etc;


Vision without action is a daydream. Action without

vision is a nightmare"Japanese Proverb

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