gender, environment and climate change (2012)
TRANSCRIPT
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INTEGRATING GENDER
IN ALTERNATIVE BUDGET INITIATIVESON ENVIRONMENT, CLIMATE CHANGE &
DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
La Liga Policy Institute, February 6, 2012
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CLIMATE CHANGE: PHILIPPINE REALTIES
Environment budget less than 1%
Efforts geared towards integration of CC & DRR
Not a major GHG emitter
#2 in terms of vulnerability to climate change Vulnerability due to:
Location and geography;
Economic dependence on climate-sensitive agriculture
and fisheries, agro-industry, and tourism; Degraded environment; and,
Limited resources (both public and private) to mitigateand adapt to climate change.
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PHILIPPINE GHG EMMISSIONS
49%
32%
10%
9%
% of GHG EmissionEnergy Agriculture Industry Waste
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THE PREVAILING AND MISTAKEN VIEW
AMONG POLICY-MAKERS IS THATCLIMATE CHANGE AND FINANCING FOR
ADAPTATION AND MITIGATION
ARE GENDER-NEUTRAL.
PERALTA, 2008
CLIMATE CHANGE THROUGH A GENDER LENS
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CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT
Effects of climate change is unevenly distributedamong countries and social classes. Less developed
countries and poor people that contribute least to
GHG emissions will actually be hardest hit (IPCC2007).
Also across gender!
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CC impacts tend to be more severe on women than
men because of their different roles in society due togendered norms and womens weaker socio-economicstatus vis--vis men (Brody et al. 2008; IUCN 2007;Lambrou and Piana 2006).
Food, water, health, and energy all of which areparticularly affected by climate change are the basis
of womens livelihoods and fall within the purview oftheir responsibilities(IUCN 2007).
GENDER CONSIDERATIONS
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Research findings indicate that womens economic
insecurity increases more than mens in the aftermath
of natural disasters (Enarson 2000).
Women recover more slowly than men from economiclosses due to damage to property and loss of
livelihood.
Moreover, womens lack of property rights and control
over natural resources aggravated by their limited
access to information, education, credit, and
technologies translate to fewer means to deal with
climate change.
GENDER CONSIDERATIONS:
SOCIO ECONOMIC
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GENDER CONSIDERATIONS:
CLIMATE CHANGE
At the same time, women tend to contribute less thanmen to GHG emissions (Lambrou and Piana 2006).
Case studies also suggest that women have a better
understanding of the causes and consequences ofclimate change and have the knowledge and skills tomitigate and adapt to it (OConnor et al. 1998; Rhr2007).
Yet, they are consistently underrepresented in policyand decision making around climate change at thelocal, national, and global levels (Brody et al. 2008;IUCN 2007).
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SOME STARTING POINTS
Concretized and implement the polluter pays and shared
but differentiated principles (even across gender)
Gender disaggregated data and information
Integrating gender indicators in vulnerability assessment
instruments, environment impact assessment, hazard
mapping et.al.
Participation in policy review, planning, localization
initiatives (gender enhanced CC & DRR response) Womens participation in environment-related governance
mechanisms: PAMBs, Airshed Board, Organic Agriculture
Board/ Council, Local Development Council
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REFERENCES
Ronquillo, Morala and Gabriel. Not Much Time, But Not Without Options. La Liga
Policy Institute. August 2010.
Ronquillo and Morala. Financing Climate Change Actions: A Must for the 2010
Budget. La Liga Policy Institute. September 2009.
Peralta, Athena. Gender and Climate Change Finance: A Case Study from the
Philippines. Womens Environment and Development Organization. November 2008. Arriola and Morala. Assessment of Gender Mainstreaming Policies of DENR. La Liga
Policy Institute. March 2006.
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