gender and economics
DESCRIPTION
Gender and Economics. 2014 ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT FELLOWS PROGRAM Maureen and Mike Mansfield Center The University of Montana. Celia Winkler, J.D., Ph.D. Associate Professor Department of Sociology University of Montana [email protected]. Employment & Earnings. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Gender and Economics
2014 ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT FELLOWS
PROGRAMMaureen and Mike Mansfield Center
The University of MontanaCelia Winkler, J.D., Ph.D.Associate ProfessorDepartment of SociologyUniversity of [email protected]
Employment & EarningsWage GapEducation
Employment & Earnings
Wage Gap
Wage Gap
Wage Gap
Education & Earnings
Education & Earnings
Education & Earnings
Education & Earnings
WorkingLabor Force ParticipationJob ClusteringChild Care
Labor Force Participation
Labor Force Participation
Labor Force Participation
Labor Force Participation
Labor Force Participation
Richland County
Labor Force Participation
Job Clustering
Child Care
Work Time
Work Time
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2487879/Women-work-harder-men-especially-Italy-11-hours-week.html
PovertyIndividualsChildrenRetirement
Measuring Poverty In the U.S., the poverty threshold is a historical artifact, based
on a 1964 study that found that households spent 1/3 of their income on food, on average.
The 1964 poverty line was 3 times the cost of the “thrifty” food basket.
Since then, it has been adjusted according to increases in the cost of living
Several proposals to change this measure to take into account both differential costs and benefits available in various regions of the country.
Poverty Thresholds
United States Poverty Thresholds 2013
½ Median: $13,499
Poverty Thresholds
Poverty Line: $12,119
Extent of Poverty in the US, 1959 – 2009
Year % Poor Poverty Line
(Family of 4)Median Income(Family of 4)
Poverty Line as % of Median
Income
1959 22.4% $2,973 $6,973 42.64%1965 17.3 % $3,223 $8,279 38.93%1970 12.6 % $3,968 $11,176 35.50%1975 12.3% $5,500 $15,849 34.70%1980 13.0 % $8,414 $24,410 34.47%1985 14.0% $10,989 $32,703 33.60%1990 13.5% $13,359 $41,473 32.21%1995 13.8% $15,569 $49,531 31.43%2000 13.3% $17,604 $62,349 28.46%2005 12.5% $19,971 $69,605 28.69%2009 14.3% $21,756 $72,733 29.91%2011 15.0% $22,811 $75,148 30.35%
Poverty Thresholds
Poverty: Individuals
United States
Poverty: Individuals
Relative Poverty Rates among Women, mid-2000s
Anglophone Continental European
Nordic Eastern European Southern Eu-ropean
Latin American0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Partnered w/ kids
Partnered no kids
No Partner w/ kids
No partner, no kids
Poverty: Women
Janet C. Gornick and Markus Jäntti. 2010. “Women, Poverty, and Social Policy Regimes: A Cross-National Analysis.” LIS Working Paper No. 534.
Poverty: Individuals
Poverty: Individuals
Poverty: Individuals
Source: U.S. Census Bureau 2012, Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates
Poverty: Individuals
Poverty: Individuals
Poverty: Children
Poverty: Children
Poverty: United States
Poverty: United States
https://www.census.gov/hhes/www/poverty/data/historical/hstpov7.xls