GEF/World Bank/UNDP Strategic Partnership for the Large Marine Ecosystems of East Asia

presented to the IGR-2 Workshop onStrategic Partnerships for International Waters in the

Global Environment Facility:Mainstreaming GPA in Transboundary Basins and LMEs

by S. Adrian Ross and Mara Warwick

The East Asian Seas

Land area: 14 million km2

Sea area: 7 million km2

Watershed: 6.25 million km2

Population: 1.8 billion

Urban population: 40.6%

Coastal population: 72%

Gulf of Thailand

GDP/capita: $400 - $31,500

Urbanization trend: 65% (2025)

Global centre of marine

biodiversity/environmental

hotspot

Sanitation and Sewerage System Coverage in the East Asian Region (2006)

Total Population (1.8 billion)

Sanitation and Sewerage System Coverage

Urban Rural

Progress to WSSD Access Target

Sewer Connections

Sewers & STPs*

41% 59% 53% 22% 13%

* Sewage Treatment Plants

Sanitation and Sewerage System Coverage in the East Asian Region (2015)

Total Population (2.0 billion)

Sanitation and Sewerage System Coverage

Urban RuralWSSD Access Target

Sewer Connections

Sewers & STPs*

53% 47% 74% (+ 605 million)

31%(+220 million)

18% (+126 million)

* Sewage Treatment Plants

Investments for Improvements in Sanitation and Sewerage (2015)*

Annual Investments to 2015

Achieve WSSD Target

Sewers with STP connection (31%)

Urban population (53%)

$3.95 billion $9.9 billion $17 billion

* Sourced from Asia Water Watch 2015. Published jointly by ADB, UNDP, UNESCAP and WHO. December 2005.

Annual Financing for Pollution Reduction in East Asia (2006)

Source Amount

World Bank $1.6 billion (2005)

ADB $1.1 billion

GEF $41.2 million

Countries $3.7 billion

Investment Shortfall over the next 10 years: $3.5 to $10.6 billion/year

Purpose of the Strategic Partnership

Strengthen and accelerate the achievement of regional and global objectives and targets under WSSD, MDG

Reduce barriers and constraints to public and private sector investments

Mobilize and synergize necessary partnerships and resources

Strategic Partnership

Implementation of the Sustainable Development Strategy for the Seas of East Asia (Transition Period: $10.8 million of GEF

financing)

Partnership Investment Fund for Pollution Reduction in the LMEs of East Asia ($80 million of GEF financing)

The Global Environment Facility (GEF) Financing

Marine Pollution Preventionand Management in the East Asian Seas (MPP-EAS)1994-199911 countriesUS$ 8 million

Building Partnerships inEnvironmental Managementfor the Seas of East Asia(PEMSEA) 1999-200612 countriesUS$ 16.2 million

World Bank Financing

IBRD and IDA program in wastewater, pollution control (1994 to present)PLUS 30 provinces of Indonesia, 80 towns in Philippines

Hai Phong + Quang Ninh

Sihanoukville

Jakarta / Tangerang

Yantai

ShanghaiWuxi Suzhou

Ningbo

GuangzhouJiangmen

Foshan

Tianjin

Hangzhou

Jinan

Metro Manila

Yingkou

Dong Hoi

Nha Trang

Da Nang

DavaoCotabato

Cagayan de Oro

Mojokerto

Pasuruan / Probolinggo

Sulawesi

Cirebon / Semarang

Parepare Palopo

Palu Parigi

Manokwari

Beijing

Weihai

JinzhouShenyang

Rizhao

Zhenjiang

Quy Nonh

Implementation of the Sustainable Development Strategy for the Seas of East Asia

Implementation/transformation: 2007-2017

Initial stage: 2007-2010 (Transition Period)

GEF contribution: $10.8 million

Co-financing: $35.8 million

Countries: Cambodia, China, DPR Korea, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, Timor Leste, and Vietnam

Brunei Darussalam, Japan, RO Korea, and Singapore participating on a cost-sharing basis

Sustainable Development Strategy for the Seas of East Asia (SDS-SEA)

A strategic approach to achieving a shared visionSUSTAIN

PRESERVE

PROTECT

DEVELOP

IMPLEMENT

COMMUNICATE

A regional col laborative platform to implement commitments, including:

WSSD Declaration and Plan of ImplementationUN Mil lennium Development GoalsAgenda 21GPA

10-year Transformation ProgrammeTransition (2007-2010)

• Regional mechanism

• Policy formulation/ strengthening

• Scaling up

• Twinning

• Codification

• Core Capacity

• Financing

• Scientific support

• M&E/SOC

• Strategic Partnership

Sustainability (2013-2017)

• Self-sustaining, self-reliant regional mechanism

• Mainstreaming

• Critical Mass

• Standardization

• Ecological integrity/quality of life/equitable growth

• Partnerships

Transformation (2010-2013)

• Sustainable regional mechanism

• Integration

• Scaling up

• Replication

• Local capacity

• Recognition/ Certification

• Perception changes

• Strategic Partnership

Management Component

EAS Executive Committee

EAS Partnership Council• Governments of 14 EAS nations• UNDP; UNEP; IMO; FAO; UNIDO; IOC/UNESCO• World Bank Group (IBRD, IDA, IFC, MIGA)• ADB; ASEAN; COBSEA; SCS/GT LME; YS LME; S-CS LME; • Bilateral aid agencies• Private sector (business associations; finance industry)• Local Gov’ts (PNLG)• NGOs (WWF; CI; WI; IUCN; OPRF)

Ministerial Forum

EAS CongressM

onitoring

& E

valuation

Performance

Policy

Secretariat ServicesRegional

Partnership Fund

Regional Task Force

Priorities &

Obje

ctives

SDS-SEA Implementation

State of Coasts Report

Technical Services

PEMSEA Resource Facility

Management Component Outputs

10-year framework of partnership programs

a sustainable PEMSEA Resource Facility

a triennial EAS Congress and Ministerial Forum

a regular State of Coasts report for the Seas of East Asia

A Plan of Action for the transformation stage (2010-2013)

National Policy

• Policy-maker/ leadership awareness

• ICM/financing/ coastal and ocean governance

• Coordinating mechanism

• Capacity Building

• M&E

Core Operations

Scaling Up ICM

• ICM policy/legislation

• ICM learning networks

• ICM training

• National ICM Task Force

• ICM Codification

• M&E

Twinning

• Regional twinning (south-South and North-South)

• Ecosystem-based management

• Coastal Strategy implementation

• Case studies

• M&E

Supporting Components

Intellectual Capital

• RTF/NTF mechanism

• AOE program

• Professional upgrade

• Degree program

• Special skills training

• Knowledge sharing

• Community projects (SGP)

• Local government network

Strategic Partnership Arrangements

• Coordination of SDS-SEA implementation and Partnership Investment Fund

• Good Practices verified

• Replication opportunities identified

• SP Expansion

• Regional Workshops

• Knowledge sharing

Investment and Financing

• Corporate/private sector partnerships in ICM

• Investment opportunities at ICM sites

• Good financing policies and practices

• Regional/national workshops

• PPP assistance center

Implementation of the SDS-SEA

COMPONENT G: STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP ARRANGEMENTS

Partner ship Inv estm

en t Fund

Project P

repar ation Re volving F

und

SDS-SEA Implementation

• ICM Scaling Up

• Eco-system Based Mgt

• Financing and Investment

Monitoring & Evaluation

• Good Practices

• Replication

World Bank

National Governments

Local Governments

National Governments

Local Governments

Private Banks

Private Investors

Donors

EAS Partnership Council/EAS Congress/Ministers Forum

Partnership Investment Fund for Pollution Reduction in the LMEs

of East Asia

Objective:

To reduce land-based pollution discharges that have an impact on the seas of East Asia by leveraging investments in pollution reduction through the removal of technical, institutional, and financial barriers.

Partnership Investment Fund for Pollution Reduction in the LMEs of East Asia

$80 million GEF contribution in 3 tranches

$800 million to $1.5 billion World Bank (IBRD/IDA) and public/private co-financing

Countries: Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, Timor-Leste, and Vietnam

Implementation period: 10 years

Partnership Investment Fund for Pollution Reduction in the LMEs of East Asia

Fund will co-finance:

Innovation

Barrier removal (technical, institutional, financial)

IBRD/IDA will co-finance:

Scaling up, replication

“Standard solutions”, supporting infrastructure

Bank expertise will support:

Partnership activities outside of regular country/Bank lending relationships

Partnership Investment Fund for Pollution Reduction in the LMEs of East Asia

Types of projects that can be supported by the Fund:

Innovative financing mechanisms

Wastewater and sanitation management and treatment

Water-borne pollution from solid waste

Pollution control in rural and peri-urban areas

Coastal ecosystem management

Institutional reform

Capacity building

Policy and planning improvements

Management reforms

Partnership Investment Fund for Pollution Reduction in the LMEs of East Asia

Fund projects and their innovations:

Ningbo [China] (approved June 2006):

Technical: Engineered wetland for sewage treatment

Institutional: Coastal mudflat protection, policy methodology for fishermen etc.

Manila [Philippines]: (expected December 2006):

Institutional: Partnership development

Legal: Clarification of implementing roles and responsibilities, including tools

Financial: Pilot financing guarantee mechanisms

Technical: Joint sewage/septage treatment plant

Partnership Investment Fund for Pollution Reduction in the LMEs of East Asia

Fund projects and their innovations:

Shandong [China] (expected January 2007):

Technical: Large-scale sewage/septage management

Institutional: First septage management scheme in China

Vietnam coastal cities (expected June 2007): Low cost, municipal wastewater systems

Liaoning [China] (expected June 2007): Sustainability of municipal wastewater regulatory system

East Java [Indonesia] (expected January 2008): Low cost, small-scale community wastewater systems

Shanghai [China] (pipeline expected soon): Agricultural and non-point source wastewater reduction

Partnership Investment Fund for Pollution Reduction in the LMEs of East Asia

Fund projects and their innovations:

Revolving Funds [Regional]

Project Preparation Fund: Pilot mechanism to assist small-scale projects prepare projects that are “bankable”; packaging of projects for large investors (such as ADB, World Bank etc)

Other revolving fund pilots

Partnership Investment Fund for Pollution Reduction in the LMEs of East Asia

Priority activities for Fund participants under Strategic Partnership:

Coordinated monitoring and evaluation

Information dissemination

Replication

Scaling up

Benefits of Strategic Partnership mechanism

Pooling of expertise and knowledge in the region, including national, international experience

Opportunities for regional collaboration and learning

World Bank, UNDP commitment to be champions for land-based pollution reduction in Seas of East Asia

Forum for innovation, barrier removal, replication and scaling up

Mechanism to lower risk to local government of trying innovation or tackling difficult barrier removal

Mechanism through which local governments can contribute to regional objectives

Systematic monitoring and reporting

Strategic Partnership Linkages with GPA(2007-2011)

Strategic Partnership Linkages with GPA

GPA (2007-2011) Regional Programme (2007-2010)

1. Facilitating the integration of GPA into the cooperative frameworks of regional mechanisms

1. A 10-year regional framework of partnership programmes on sustainable development of coastal and marine areas and resources

2. Integrating of GPA into supra-regional and interregional partnerships

2. An intergovernmental, multisectoral regional implementing mechanism for SDS-SEA covering 6 LMEs

3. Building regional capacities for coastal and marine management

3. AOE Programs, special skills training, RTF/NTF, State of Coasts reporting, sustainability of wastewater utility management

Regional Level

GPA (2007-2011) Regional Programme (2007-2010)

1. Promoting mainstreaming of GPA into national sustainable development policy processes

1. National policies, strategies and 10-year programs on ICM implementation, pollution reduction and sustainable financing, development of pilot projects

2. Mainstreaming the GPA into other training programmes and initiatives

2. ICM Learning Centers in 3 countries; ICM training materials; special skills training materials, mainstream into World Bank Country Assistance Strategies

3. Building on progress in respect of activities related to sewage, domestic and industrial wastewater and sanitation

3. ICM scaling up to 5% of the regional coastline; scaling up investments in wastewater systems, policy and regulatory reforms covering financing of infrastructure; LGU ‘climate for investment’

National Level

Strategic Partnership Linkages with GPA