GECAD (Knowledge Engineering and Decision Support Research Centre) unit n. 760 of FCT (Portuguese Science & Technology Foundation) settled at ISEP/IPP (Institute of Engineering – Polytechnic of Porto)

GECAD Report

[2003-2007]

Message from the GECAD Director

Welcome to GECAD, the Knowledge

Engineering and Decision Support Research

Centre, settled at the Institute of Engineering

– Polytechnic of Porto (ISEP/IPP).

In 2003, when we were ranked with VERY GOOD level by the

Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation (FCT), we decided to

start a challenging trajectory that we called “the search for Excellence”.

In 2003, we had just 11 researchers with the PhD degree. We understood

that the main effort should be done in the increasing of the number of

PhD researchers. Now, we have 37 PhD researchers, and during the first

semester of 2008 we will have more than 45. Four times more, in 5

years! Certainly, one of the most impressive evolutions in the

Portuguese R&D system.

But this evolution has been achieved in a sustainable way. During the

period [2003-2007] GECAD was involved in more than 30 R&D

projects with external funding. We are one of the Portuguese R&D units

with more success at this level. Just a number, 9, is the number of

projects assigned to GECAD in the last FCT Call for Projects.

Many connections have been established with national and

international companies. However, GECAD wants to be proactive at

this level. In 2006 we started a new phase, with the creation of our first

spin-off, FlyMaster Avionics SA. With completely innovative products,

FlyMaster NAV+ and F1, this company created a free-flight on-board

pilot Assistant (e.g. gliding, hangliding, paragliding), with access to GPS

and sensorial information. FlyMaster Avionics S.A. is commercializing

these patented products, used by many pilots, including the Portuguese

and French paragliding national teams. FlyMaster products are today

considered as a clear advantage for free-flight competition pilots. These

products received the prestigious ANIMEE prize for Innovation and

Creativity. After this success, new spin-offs are now being planned.

The connection with the academic community is another strenght. At

the international level, GECAD is involved in the Collaboration

Agreement between the Portuguese Government and some

international institutions. Carnegie-Mellon University in the USA,

Fraunhofer Gesellshaft in Germany, and Imperial College in the UK (at

tentative phase) are three of the institutions referring GECAD in the

agreements. The creation of the Portuguese Chapter of the IEEE

Computational Intelligence Society with all 3 members of the Direction

from GECAD is another interesting aspect.

During the [2003-2007] period, all developed work has been achieved

with an international recognition. More than 400 publications have

been done, more than 70 in journals and magazines, many of them

with high impact factors. The invitation to some of our researchers to

act as guest editors of 18 special issues in important journals and

magazines shows the relevance of GECAD research at top level.

GECAD is also aware of its responsibility in the science and technology

divulgation for the young generations. In 2006, a tremendous success

was obtained in our celebrations of the 50th Artificial Intelligence

Anniversary. The AI-50 Exhibition was opened in the Parada Leitão

Museum from May to December 2006. This exhibition was seen by

dozens of thousands of visitors and received the attention of the

Portuguese TV and newspapers. The success was not reduced to the

Portuguese frontiers, a 3-page article was published in the July/August

2006 issue of the IEEE Intelligent Systems Magazine and a reference to

the exhibition was placed in the AAAI “AI Topics” web site.

GECAD established the cooperation with CENTRIA (Artificial

Intelligence Centre of the New University of Lisbon) to create the

backbone of the AI Associated Laboratory proposal COGNOMA

(Cognition in Man and Machine).

It is amazing to notice that with all these results, GECAD is settled in a

Polytechnic School. In 430 Portuguese R&D units just 8 are in this system.

GECAD is clearly considered the only R&D unit from the Polytechnic

system combining quality and critical mass. FCT recognizes this when

assigned to GECAD 3 positions to hire Post-Doc researchers during 5

years (75% of the total assigned to the entire Polytechnic system in

Portugal).

GECAD has 4 groups (research lines): Ambient Intelligence & Decision

Support; Computational Intelligence; Knowledge & Learning

Technologies; and Intelligent Energy Systems. The collaboration

between these 4 groups has been fantastic. In different ways, these

groups are in the state of the art at the international level.

I hope this report will show you some of our work at GECAD and open

the doors for new collaborations between your interests and ours. Let us

search for Excellence together!

Carlos Ramos

Director of GECAD

-Index- i

Index

Part I – Introduction GECAD Mission and Vision............................................................................................... 1 GECAD Strategic Objectives............................................................................................. 2 List of GECAD Researchers.............................................................................................. 3 GECAD Projects ................................................................................................................ 7 List of GECAD Projects [2003-2007] ................................................................................. 8 GECAD finished Projects [..-2002] .................................................................................... 11 GECAD Connection in Portugal ........................................................................................ 13 GECAD Connection in Europe .......................................................................................... 14 GECAD Connection outside Europe ................................................................................. 15 Some journals where we published papers [2003-2007] ................................................. 17 Special Issues of Scientific Journals where our researchers were guest editors ............. 18 Prizes for GECAD Researchers [2003-2007].................................................................... 20 Organizational Structure of GECAD.................................................................................. 21 Responsibility Positions in GECAD ................................................................................... 22 Other responsibility positions of GECAD researchers....................................................... 23 Divulgation of Activities...................................................................................................... 25 COGNOMA Associated Laboratory Proposal ................................................................... 27 GECAD Groups (Research Lines)..................................................................................... 31 Part II – Ambient Intelligence & Decision Support Research Group on Ambient Intelligence & Decision Support (AI&DS) ........................... 33 Introduction to Ambient Intelligence & Decision Support (AI&DS) group.......................... 35 Researchers of Ambient Intelligence & Decision Support (AI&DS) group ........................ 39 Specific Projects of Ambient Intelligence & Decision Support (AI&DS) group.................. 41 Budgets of Projects of Ambient Intelligence & Decision Support (AI&DS) group ............. 42 PLANET-II.......................................................................................................................... 43 IMAGE ............................................................................................................................... 44 SCALINTEL ....................................................................................................................... 45 ArgEmotionAgents............................................................................................................. 46 PFA – FlyMaster ................................................................................................................ 47 PSiS................................................................................................................................... 48 TOURSPLAN..................................................................................................................... 49 SmartVision ....................................................................................................................... 50 Main Publications in Journals of AI&DS group.................................................................. 51 Some other Publications of AI&DS group ......................................................................... 52 PhD and MSc Thesis of AI&DS group............................................................................... 55 Part III – Computational Intelligence Research Group on Computational Intelligence (CI)......................................................... 57 Introduction to Computational Intelligence (CI) group ....................................................... 59 Researchers of Computational Intelligence (CI) group ..................................................... 63 Specific Projects of Computational Intelligence (CI) group ............................................... 65 Budgets of Projects of Computational Intelligence (CI) group .......................................... 66 AgentLink-II........................................................................................................................ 67 AgentLink-III....................................................................................................................... 68 Fractional-SC..................................................................................................................... 69 MASDScheGATS .............................................................................................................. 70 AutoDynAgents.................................................................................................................. 71 Main Publications in Journals of CI group ......................................................................... 73

-Index- ii

Some other Publications of CI group................................................................................. 75 PhD and MSc Thesis of CI group ...................................................................................... 81 Part IV – Intelligent Energy Systems Research Group on Intelligent Energy Systems (IES) ...................................................... 83 Introduction to Intelligent Energy Systems (IES) group..................................................... 85 Researchers of Intelligent Energy Systems (IES) group................................................... 89 Specific Projects of Intelligent Energy Systems (IES) group............................................. 91 Budgets of Projects of Intelligent Energy Systems (IES) group ........................................ 92 FUTUEN ............................................................................................................................ 93 PRODI ............................................................................................................................... 94 GOMEC ............................................................................................................................. 95 IDDA .................................................................................................................................. 96 ISEPMain........................................................................................................................... 97 DAMICE............................................................................................................................. 98 APRICOT........................................................................................................................... 99 Agents&Markets ................................................................................................................ 100 FENDIN ............................................................................................................................. 101 ViP-DiGEM ........................................................................................................................ 102 RiMaCEM .......................................................................................................................... 103 E-BECE ............................................................................................................................. 104 Main Publications in Journals of AI&DS group.................................................................. 105 Some other Publications of AI&DS group ......................................................................... 107 PhD and MSc Thesis of AI&DS group............................................................................... 109 Part V – Knowledge & Learning Technologies Research Group on Knowledge & Learning Technologies (K&LT)................................... 111 Introduction to Knowledge & Learning Technologies (K&LT) group ................................. 113 Researchers of Knowledge & Learning Technologies (K&LT) group................................ 117 Specific Projects of Knowledge & Learning Technologies (K&LT) group ......................... 119 Budgets of Projects of Knowledge & Learning Technologies (K&LT) group..................... 120 SANSKI.............................................................................................................................. 121 DAMICE............................................................................................................................. 122 ONTOMAPPER ................................................................................................................. 123 EDGAR .............................................................................................................................. 124 Agents&Markets ................................................................................................................ 125 TINSEL .............................................................................................................................. 126 EMUSSL ............................................................................................................................ 127 IFRA................................................................................................................................... 128 COPSRO ........................................................................................................................... 129 COALESCE ....................................................................................................................... 130 Main Publications in Journals of K&LT group.................................................................... 131 Some other Publications of K&LT group ........................................................................... 133 PhD and MSc Thesis of K&LT group ................................................................................ 135

-Introduction- 1

GECAD Mission and Vision Mission: The “Grupo de Investigação em Engenharia do Conhecimento e

Apoio à Decisão” - GECAD (Knowledge Engineering and Decision

Support Group) is a research unit settled in the Institute of Engineering -

Polytechnic of Porto having as mission the promotion and development

of scientific research in the Knowledge and Decision Sciences domains,

having Information Technologies as support.

Vision: GECAD envisages accomplishing its mission by the structuring,

organization and development of pos-graduation works, R&D projects,

dissemination, debate, and diffusion of knowledge. These activities will

have national and international impact, with special emphasis to the

scientific community, enterprises, organizations, and persons involved in

the real world practices.

-Introduction- 2

GECAD Strategic Objectives

Strategic Objectives:

SO1) to obtain scientific recognition;

SO2) to make effective the research unit organization and structure;

SO3) to improve the critical mass of the unit, namely with the PhD degree;

SO4) to be involved in more R&D national and international projects and

programs;

SO5) to establish connections with enterprises, organizations and persons

involved in real world practices;

SO6) to increase the international activity developed by the research unit;

SO7) to improve the work conditions of the unit researchers;

SO8) to disseminate, promote the debate and make the diffusion of the unit

activities;

SO9) to involve students in research activities;

SO10) to organize relevant scientific events;

SO11) to create a culture of continuous evaluation of the research unit, its

organization and structure, and their members;

SO12) to contribute for the definition of the R&D policy of ISEP/IPP and the

overall High Education and Research policy.

-Introduction- 3

List of GECAD Researchers

PhD Researchers

Alexandra Maria Soares Ferreira Galhano

Ana Maria Dias Madureira Pereira

Ana Maria Neves de Almeida Baptista Figueiredo

António Carvalho de Andrade

António Pinto de Sousa e Silva

Armando Silva Vieira

Carlos Fernando da Silva Ramos

Cecília Maria do Rio Fernandes Moreira Reis

Fernando Augusto Cruz e Silva Mouta

Fernando Baltazar Moreira Duarte

Hussein Mustapha Khodr

Isabel Cecília Correia da Silva Praca Gomes Pereira

Isabel Maria de Sousa de Jesus

Isabel Maria Marques Alves Ferreira

João Manuel Pereira Barroso

João Manuel Simões da Rocha

João Paulo Fonseca da Costa Moura

João Paulo Jorge Pereira

José António dos Reis Tavares

José António Tenreiro Machado

José Avelino Silva Marinho

José Ricardo Teixeira Puga

Leonel Caseiro Morgado

Lino Manuel Baptista Figueiredo

Luiz Felipe Rocha de Faria

Manuel Fernando dos Santos Silva

Maria de Fátima Coutinho Rodrigues

Maria João Monteiro Ferreira Viamonte

Maria Judite Madureira da Silva Ferreira

Nuno Alexandre Pinto da Silva

-Introduction- 4

Nuno Filipe da Fonseca Bastos Gomes

Nuno Filipe Teixeira Malheiro

Nuno Miguel Fonseca Ferreira

Paulo Nogueira Martins

Ramiro de Sousa Barbosa

Rui Cândido Ribeiro Soares

Zita Maria Almeida do Vale

Antonio Manuel Cardoso da Costa (collaborator)

José Carlos Lourenço Quadrado (collaborator)

Paulo Alexandre Gandra Sousa (collaborator)

Viriato António Pereira Marinho Marques (collaborator)

Non-PhD researchers

António Augusto Araújo Gomes (PhD Student)

António Constantino Lopes Martins (PhD Student)

António Jorge dos Santos Pereira (PhD Student, PhD soon)

António Paulo Gomes dos Santos

Carlos Filipe Araújo de Freitas (PhD Student)

Diego Roberto Morais (PhD Student)

Dorabela Regina Chiote Ferreira Gamboa (PhD Student, PhD soon)

Fernando Jorge Ferreira Duarte (PhD Student, PhD soon)

Filipe Miguel Tavares de Azevedo (PhD Student, PhD soon)

Gustavo Soares Santos (PhD Student)

Hélio Artur Mendes Martins

Hugo Gabriel Valente Morais (PhD Student)

Ivo André Soares Pereira

João Manuel Maia Duarte

Joaquim Filipe Peixoto dos Santos

José Marílio Oliveira Cardoso (PhD Student)

Ludimila Luiza de Lima Gabriel

Luís André Andrade da Silva Oliveira

Luís Filipe Caeiro Castanheira (PhD Student)

-Introduction- 5

Marco Aurélio Rios da Silva

Maria da Graça Marcos (PhD Student)

Maria Goreti Carvalho Marreiros (PhD Student, PhD soon)

Maria Manuela Jorge Martins Ferreira (PhD Student)

Miguel Francisco Martins de Lima (PhD Student)

Nuno Bettencourt (PhD Student)

Nuno Jorge Pereira Saleiro (PhD Student)

Nuno Miguel dos Santos Branco (PhD Student)

Paulo Alexandre Fagueiro Oliveira Maio (PhD Student)

Paulo Jorge Machado Oliveira (PhD Student, PhD soon)

Ricardo Jorge da Silva Santos (PhD Student)

Rui Miguel Bento de Carvalho e Silva

Sérgio Filipe Carvalho Ramos (PhD Student)

Teresa Alexandra Ferreira Mourão Pinto Nogueira (PhD Student, PhD soon)

Vera Paiva da Silva (PhD Student)

-Introduction- 6

-Introduction- 7

GECAD Projects

• Situation till December 31st, 2002

• Situation in the period [2003-2007]

-Introduction- 8

List of GECAD Projects [2003-2007]

AgentLink-II - ESPRIT-27225 - Network of Excellence on Agent-Based Computing

[2001-2003] – EC

AgentLink-III - IST-26113 - Network of Excellence on Agent-Based Computing

[2004-2005] - EC

Agents&Markets - POSI/56260 - Agent based Market Simulation [2005-2008] -

FCT

APRICOT – POCTI/47191 - Incident Analysis and Power Restoration with Intelligent

Cooperative Operators Training [2004-2007] - FCT

ArgEmotionAgents - POSI/EIA/56259/2004 - Argumentative Agents with Emotional

Behaviour Modelling for Participants’ Support in Group Decision-Making Meetings

[2005-2008] - FCT

AutoDynAgents - PTDC/EME-GIN/66848/2006 - Autonomic Agents with Self-

Managing Capabilities for Dynamic Scheduling Support in a Cooperative

Manufacturing System [2007-2010]– FCT

COALESCE - PTDC/EIA/74417/2006 - Collaboration-based Information and

Recommendation Retrieval Systems [2007-2010] – FCT

COPSRO - PTDC/EIA/69988/2006 - Computational Approach to Ontology Profiling

of Scientific Research Organisations [2007-2010] – FCT

DAMICE – POCTI/39744 - Power Systems Consumer Profiles and Contracting

Strategies supported by Data Mining [2002-2005] – FCT

E-BECE - POSI/663/2.2/C/NOR - Web-based Business and Educational Center for

Energy – Portuguese Government

-Introduction- 9

EDGAR - POSC/61307 - Exploiting Ontology Engineering Process Information for

Semi-Automatic Knowledge Interoperability [2005-2008] – FCT

EMUSSL - POSC/61924 - Ensemble Methods for Unsupervised and Semi-Supervised

Learning [2005-2008] – FCT

FENDIN – POCTI/59807- Future Energy Distribution Networks [2005-2008] - FCT Fractional SC - Integration of Green Functions as Fractional Order Derivatives in

Non-linear Systems’ Control Based on a Novel Branch of Soft Computing [2004-

2007] – ICCTI, OMFB

FutUEN - Future Urban Energy Networks - The way forward [2005-2006] - ICCTI

GOMEC - PRAXIS/P/EEI/12238/1998 - Optimized Management in the Competitive

Electricity Market [1999-2003] - FCT

IDDA – POCTI/34451 - Intelligent Distributed System for Power Distribution

Automation [2000-2003] - FCT

IFRA - PTDC/70168 - Improving Financial Risk Analysis with advanced Data-Mining

tools [2007-2010] – FCT

IMAGE - POCTI-32352 - Integrated Tools for Computer Supported Manufacturing

Systems project [2000-2003] - FCT

ISEPMain - POCTI/41950 - Intelligent Scheduling of Power Distribution Networks

Maintenance Activities [2002-2005] – FCT

MASDScheGATS - POCTI/EME/61229/2004 - Multi-Agent System for Distributed

Manufacturing Scheduling with Genetic Algoritms and Tabu Search [2005-2008]–

FCT

ONTOMAPPER - POSI/41818- Ontology Automatic Mapping [2002-2005] – FCT

-Introduction- 10

PFA FlyMaster - Personal Flight Assistant project [2006-2007] - AdI

PLANET-II - IST-29656 - Network of Excellence on Artificial Intelligence Planning

[2001-2003] – EC

PRODI - Management of Future Distribution Networks with Distributed Generation

[2005-2006] - ICCTI

PSiS - PTDC/TRA/72152/2006 - Personalized Sightseeing Planning System [2007-

2010] - FCT

RiMaCEM – PTDC/69102 - Risk Management in Competitive Electricity Markets [2007-2010] – FCT

SANSKI - POCTI/41830- Semi-automatic Negotiation Services for Knowledge

Interoperability [2002-2005] – FCTI

SCALINTEL - POCTI/EME/37525/2001 - Decision Support System for Scheduling with

Scalable Intelligence [2002-2005] - FCT

SmartVision - PTDC/EIA/73633/2006 - Active vision for the blind [2007-2010]

TINSEL - POSI/61843 – Intelligent Tutors for Electrical Installation Design [2005-2008] – FCT

TOURSPLAN - PTDC/EIA/74310/2006 - TOURS PLANning Support system [2007-

2010] - FCT

ViP-DiGEM - PTDC/ 72889 - VIrtual power Producers and DIstributed Generation trading in Energy Markets [2007-2010] – FCT

-Introduction- 11

GECAD Finished Projects [..-2002] AgentLink - ESPRIT/27225 - Network of Excellence on Agent-Based Computing

[1999-2000] – EC

DIAARE - Developments in Applied Artificial Intelligence in Electrical Networks

[1996] – IPP

GIS/SISAS - Insurance Integrated management – Information System for supporting

Insurance Activity [1997-1998] – PEDIP

ECOAR - Knowledge Extraction from Data Warehouses [1997] – IPP

ICRS - Intelligent Control of Robotic Systems [1997-2000] – ICCTI

OABMCC - FAPESP 1996/12198-2 - Development of Artificial Limbs and Biosensors

[1998-2001] – FAPESP

PLANET - ESPRIT/28439 - Network of Excellence on Artificial Intelligence Planning

[1999-2000] – EC

SAADESI - PRAXIS/P/EEI/10143/1998 - Advanced Decision Support System for the

Evolution of Industrial Systems [1999-2001] – FCT

SAD/3PE - PBIC/C/TPR/2551/95 - Decision Support System for Production Planning

considering Due Dates [1996-1998] – FCT

SAPPIOP - PBIC/C/TPR/2556/95 - Process Planning Decision Support for Production

Optimization [1996-1998] – FCT

SATOREN - Intelligent System for supporting and training Electrical Networks

Control Centers involving Verification and Validation and Learning [1998-2002] -

AdI

SFF - FLAD/443/93 - Flexible Manufacturing Systems [1993-1997] - FLAD

-Introduction- 12

SIPOSTO - EU-DISS-ICOP-2140 - Intelligent Computation and Simulation in

Planning and Operation of Power Systems Taking into Account Energy Storages

[1997-1998] - EU

SOCRATES - PRAXIS/CEG/2586/1995 - Intelligent and Optimized System for the

Operators and Experts support in Electrical Networks Control Centres [1998-2001] -

FCT

WG-IMS - ESPRIT/21955 - Working Group on Intelligent Manufacturing Systems

[1997-2000] – EU

-Introduction- 13

GECAD Connections in Portugal

Enterprises:

•Portuguese Electricity Network (REN)

•Electricity of Portugal (EDP)

•BRISA (highways)

•Bank of Portugal

•I2S (insurance information systems)

•EFACEC (automation, inf. systems)

•Enabler (retail information systems)

•EDIGMA (interaction and multimedia)

•HARKER SUMNER (renewable energy)

•Energaia (Energy Agency)

•Inova (information systems)

•Novabase (information systems)

•Quatro (information systems)

•Imediata Sistemas Informática S.A. (information systems)

•Visteon Technologies (automobile ind.)

Academy:

•University of Minho

•University of Porto

•University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD)

•School of Tech. and Mng. ff Felgueiras (ESTGF)

•University of Coimbra

•Institute of Eng. Coimbra (ISEC)

•Institute of Eng. Coimbra (ISEC)

•Superior Tech. Institute (IST)

•Telecommunications Institute (IT)

•Centre of Artificial Intelligence (CENTRIA) – New Univ. Lisbon (UNL)

•University of Lisbon

•Economy and Mng. Superior Inst. (ISEG)

•University of Algarve

•Politechnic of Viseu

•University of Beira Interior (UBI)

•University of Évora

-Introduction- 14

GECAD Connections in Europe

Academy:

•University of Ulm

•University of Baden-Baden

•Fraunhofer FIT/St. Augustin

•Fraunhofer IGD/Darmstadt

•University of Magdeburg

•FZI

•AIFB

•Imperial College

•University of Ulster

•University of Cambridge

•University of Liverpool

•University of Southampton

•Queen Mary College

•City University

•University of Strathclyde

•University of Bath

•Swansea University

•Cankaya University

•Vienna University

•ISMMA

•University of Bordeaux

•University of Poitiers

•University Paris - Dauphine

•University Paul Sebatier

•INPGrenoble

•Polytechnic University of Catalunya

•University of Extremadura

•AIRI

•University of Amsterdam

•Budapest Technical University

•University of L’Aquila

Enterprises:

•France Telecom

•British Telecom

•Telecom Italia

•Vodafone Group R&D

•Siemens AG

•LPA (logic programming)

•ILOG (optimization)

•COSYTEC (constraints)

•Thomson

•Tryllian (agents)

•DYNAdata (power systems)

-Introduction- 15

GECAD Connections outside Europe

Academy:

•University of Mississipi •University of Stanford •Carnegie-Mellon University •University of Illinois •Southern University of Illinois •Utah University •New York University •University of Tokyo •University of Montreal •University of Santa Catarina •University of Campina Grande •University of Rio de Janeiro •Hohai University •KOSEF

Enterprises:

•Applied Reactivity Inc. •Exsys Inc. •CACI, San Diego •CHESF (power systems – Brazil) •Petrobras

-Introduction- 16

-Introduction- 17

Some journals where we published papers [2003-2007] ordered by impact factor

• IEEE Intelligent Systems Magazine (impact factor 3.725)

• Physical Review E (i.f 2.202)

• IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems (i.f. 1.434)

• Nuclear Instruments and Methods B (i.f. 1.181)

• IEEE Transaction on Power Systems (i.f. 0.951)

• European Journal of Operational Research (i.f. 0.918)

• Journal of Nonlinear Dynamics, Springer (i.f. 0.902)

• Computers and Operations Research (i.f. 0.893)

• IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (i.f. 0.885)

• Applied Soft Computing Journal, Elsevier (i.f. 0.849)

• Journal of Signal Processing, Elsevier (i.f. 0.669)

• IEE Proceedings - Vision, Image, and Signal Processing (i.f. 0.655)

• Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, Kluwer (i.f. 0.595)

• Neurocomputing (i.f. 0.592)

• Robotica (i.f. 0.492)

• Production Planning & Control, Taylor & Francis (i.f. 0.408)

• Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer (i.f. 0.402)

• Informatica (i.f. 0.221)

• International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics (i.f. 0.105)

• International Journal of Engineering Intelligent Systems (i.f. 0.094)

-Introduction- 18

Special Issues of Scientific Journals where our researchers were guest editors Signal Processing, Elsevier, Special Issue “Fractional Signal Processing and Applications”, vol. 83, Issue 11, Nov. 2003, Guest Editors: Manuel D. Ortigueira, J. A. Tenreiro Machado Advanced Robotics, VSP, Special Issue “Selected Papers from ICAR03”, No. 18, Vol. 8, 2004, Guest Editors: Urbano Nunes, J. A. Tenreiro Machado Nonlinear Dynamics, Kluwer, Special Issue “Fractional Derivatives and Their Applications”, vol. 38, n. 1-4, pp. 1-489, Dec. 2004, ISBN 0924-090X. Guest Editors: Om Prakash Agrawal, J. A. Tenreiro Machado Jocelyn Sabatier Transactions on Information Science and Applications, WSEAS, Special Issue on Evolutionary Computing, Editor: Ana Madureira, Issue 5, Volume 2, ISBN: 1790-0832, 2005 Transactions on Systems, WSEAS, Special Issue on Neural Networks and Fuzzy Systems, Editor: Ana Madureira, Issue 4, Volume 4, ISBN:1109-2777, 2005 International Journal of Engineering Intelligent Systems; CRL Publishing; Special Issue on Knowledge Engineering, vol. 13, nº 4 (2005); Guest Editors: Zita Vale and Carlos Ramos (GECAD) Signal Processing, Elsevier, Special Issue “Fractional Calculus Applications in Signals and Systems”, vol. 86, Issue 10, Oct. 2006, Guest Editors: Manuel D. Ortigueira, J. A. Tenreiro Machado Journal of Vibration and Control, Sage Pub, Special Issue “Modeling and Control of Artificial Locomotion Systems”, vol. 12, n. 12, Dec. 2006, Guest Editors: J. A. Tenreiro Machado, Manuel Silva Journal of Vibration and Control, Sage Pub, Special Issue “Mathematical Methods in Engineering”, Vol. 13, No. 9-10, Sept. 2007, Guest Editors: K. Tas, J. Tenreiro Machado, D. Baleanu Nonlinear Dynamics, Springer, Special Issue “Modeling and Control of Intelligent Transportation Systems”, 2007, Guest Editors: J. A. Tenreiro Machado, Lino Figueiredo, vol. 49, No. 4, Sept. 2007, ISSN 0924-090X

-Introduction- 19

Journal of Vibration and Control, Sage Pub, Special Issue "Fractional Differentiation and its Applications", Journal of Vibration and Control, Sage Publishing, 2007, Guest Editors: J. A. Tenreiro Machado, Ramiro Barbosa Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics, Fuji Technology Press, Special issue on “Computational Intelligence”, 2007, Guest Editors: Béla Ptkái, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, Imre J. Rudas ASME Journal of Computational and Nonlinear Dynamics, Special Issue “Discontinuous and Fractional Dynamical Systems”, 2007-2008, Guest Editors: J. A. Tenreiro Machado, Albert Luo Journal Européen des Systèmes Automatisés (RS-JESA), numéro spécial “Systèmes à dérivées non entières et leurs applications en modélisation, identification et commande”, 2007-2008, Guest Editors: J. Sabatier, P. Melchior, J. Tenreiro Machado, B. Vinagre International Journal of Engineering Intelligent Systems; CRL Publishing; Special Issue on Decision Support (to appear in 2007); Guest Editors: Zita Vale and Carlos Ramos (GECAD) Physica Scripta, Topical Issue: Fractional Differentiation and its Applications, Editors: Dumitru Baleanu, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, George Zaslavsky, 2008 Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation, Elsevier, Special issue: Recent Advances in Fractional Calculus, Editors: Dumitru Baleanu, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, George Zaslavsky, 2008 IEEE Intelligent Systems magazine, Special Issue on Ambient Intelligence, Editors: Carlos Ramos (GECAD), Juan Augusto (Univ. Ulster, UK), and Daniel Shapiro (Univ. Stanford); to appear in Mar./Apr. 2008

-Introduction- 20

Prizes for GECAD Researchers [2003-2007] ANIMEE Innovation and Creativity Prize, to Nuno Gomes for his work related with FLYMASTER project that originated the first GECAD spin-off, FlyMaster Avionics SA. The innovative products, FlyMaster NAV+ and F1, assist free-flight on-board pilot (e.g. gliding, hangliding, paragliding), with access to GPS and sensorial information. ANIMEE is the Portuguese Association for Electric and Electronics Industry. Ordem dos Engenheiros Prize, to Rui Soares for his work in the coordinated movements of robotic teams to transport objects. Ordem dos Engenheiros is the Portuguese Engineering Professional Association. REN Prize, to Judite Ferreira for her work in the Transmission Tariffs in Electricity Markets. REN is the Portuguese Electricity Network company. IPP Prize, to Luís André Andrade Oliveira, Hugo Morais, Ricardo Santos, and Gustavo Santos for their outstanding BSc works.

-Introduction- 21

Organizational Structure of GECAD

-Introduction- 22

Responsibility positions in GECAD

Director

Carlos Ramos

Administrative Council

Carlos Ramos, Fátima Rodrigues, José Tenreiro Machado, Zita Vale

Scientific Council

All PhD researchers of the unit

Consultive Council

Isabel Cruz (University of Illinois at Chicago, USA)

Marija Ilic (Carnegie Mellon University, USA)

Luís Moniz Pereira (New University of Lisbon, Portugal)

Imre Rudas (Banki Donat Polytechnic, Budapest, Hungary)

Ambient Intelligence & Decision Support group

Carlos Ramos

Computational Intelligence group

José Tenreiro Machado

Intelligent Energy Systems group

Zita Vale

Knowledge & Learning Technologies group

Fátima Rodrigues

-Introduction- 23

Other responsibility positions of GECAD researchers Direction of Schools

• João Rocha is the Director of ISEP (Institute of Engineering –

Polytechnic of Porto)

• José Carlos Quadrado is the Director of ISEL (Institute of

Engineering – Polytechnic of Lisbon)

Scientific Council

• Viriato Marques is President of the Scientific Council of ISEC

(Institute of Engineering – Polytechnic of Coimbra)

Direction of Departments

• Ana Almeida is president of the Department of Informatics in

ISEP

• José Tenreiro Machado is president of the Department of

Electrical Engineering in ISEP

Direction of MSc Programs

• Zita Vale is the director of the MSc Program on Electrical

Engineering – Power Systems in ISEP

• José Tenreiro Machado is the director of the MSc Program on

Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering in ISEP

• Fátima Rodrigues is the director of the MSc Program on

Informatics Engineering in ISEP

• Carlos Ramos is the director of the MSc Program on Industrial

Informatics Engineering in the School of Technology and

Management (ESTGF)

-Introduction- 24

Direction of BSc Programs

• Nuno Gomes is the director of the BSc Program on Electrical

Engineering – Power Systems in ISEP

• Alexandra Galhano is the director of the BSc Program on

Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering in ISEP

• António Costa is the director of the BSc Program on Informatics

Engineering in ISEP

• Rui Soares is the director of the BSc Program on Informatics

Engineering in the School of Technology and Management

(ESTGF)

Portuguese IEEE Computational Intelligence Chapter

• José Carlos Quadrado is the President

• Ana Madureira is Vice-President

• Viriato Marques is Vice-President

Portuguese Association for Artificial Intelligence

• Fátima Rodrigues is member of the Direction

Ordem dos Engenheiros (Portuguese Engineering Professional

Association)

• Zita Vale is member of the Electrical Engineering Council - North

Region

-Introduction- 25

Divulgation of Activities

AI-50 Exhibition, in Parada Leitão Museum (May-December,2006) to

celebrate the 50th Anniversary of Artificial Intelligence

RTP-1 documentary about the visits of students to the Exhibition - 13/06/2006

3 page news in one of the most important journals 09/07/2006

3 page paper about the Exhibition in the IEEE Intelligent Systems de July/August-200 6 issue, the main scientific magazine of AI

Associati on for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence placed the “AI- 50 Years” in

AI-Topics (history), a special web site of AAAI for students, professors, and journalists

-Introduction- 26

Organization of ICKEDS’2004 (Porto) and ICKEDS’2006 (Lisbon) –

International Conference on Knowledge Engineering and Decision

Support

Organization of FDA’2006 (Porto) - IFAC Workshop on Fractional

Differentiation and its Applications

Organization of AmITA’2006 (Braga) - Workshop on Ambient

Intelligence Technologies and Applications

Involvement in the organization of many other conferences

Visits of students to GECAD Labs, in the aims of Ciência Viva (Science

Alive) initiative

1 or 2 week stays of students in GECAD

Seminars (Semantic Web, Information Retrieval, Computational

Intelligence,…)

-Introduction- 27

COGNOMA Associated Laboratory Proposal

In Portuguese Science and Technology systems Associated Laboratories

represent the possibility to join high level research units for a focused

research activity in a certain area. GECAD and CENTRIA (Centre of

Artificial Intelligence of the New University of Lisbon) have joined

efforts for the proposal of creation of the Portuguese Associated

Laboratory dedicated to Artificial Intelligence, COGNOMA (Cognition

in Man and Machine). The proposal was made in July 2006, the year of

the 50th AI Anniversary.

The Associate Laboratory COGNOMA, with a broad scope in the global

area of “Cognition in Humans and Machines”, has as its main mission to

cooperate in a continuous, capable and efficient manner, in pursuing

specific objectives of the national scientific and technological policy,

namely in the areas of

• Ambient Intelligence and Embedded Systems

• Bio-Informatics

• Management of Critical Resources (including Energy and

Transports)

• Computational Processing of Natural Language

• Knowledge Based, Cognitive and Learning Systems

• Intelligent Planning and Systems

• Semantic Web

intertwining the competence and know-how accumulated in the

COGNOMA centres, stimulating the integration of research, scientific

education as well as the transfer of knowledge and technology to non

academic sectors, and contributing to the associated small and medium

companies.

-Introduction- 28

COGNOMA will be the Artificial Intelligence (AI) Laboratory of

reference in Portugal, ensuring its presence in the frontier of the most

advanced software applications. The Laboratory brings together the

largest AI university centre and the best polytechnic research centre, as

well as selected researchers from other institutions. It applies knowledge,

skills and experiences recognised world wide in the basic AI technologies,

reflecting in its original DNA, areas of critical application of intelligent

software for the next decade, from biotechnology to energy, among

many others.

The present COGNOMA proposal is well in line with the strategic goals,

both National and European, for Research and Development. The

main objective aimed at in the 7th Framework Programme of the

European Union is the fulfilment of the Lisbon strategy, i.e. to transform

the European Union in the most competitive Knowledge Based

Economy in the world. Such ambitious goal is not achievable without a

clear involvement of the Knowledge Technologies, that are at the core

of the COGNOMA contributions towards the national and European

development.

Moreover, the European Union assumes that the Information and

Communication Technologies are a priority area, assigning to them, for

the 2007 – 2013, the largest budget among the ten or so priority areas

selected at a European level. In the ICT area, 6 Technological Pillars

were defined: Nanotechnologies; Ubiquitous Communication Networks;

Embedded Systems; Software, Grids, security and dependability;

Knowledge, Cognitive and Learning Systems; Simulation, Visualization,

Interaction and Mixed Realities.

Notice that COGNOMA will centre its attention on this grand pillar of

Knowledge, Cognitive and Learning Systems, including the

Computational Processing of Written Portuguese. Additionally,

-Introduction- 29

COGNOMA will develop important activity within other related pillars,

such as the thematic areas of Ambient Intelligence (and respective

Embedded Systems), Bio-Informatics, Management of Critical Resources,

Intelligent Planning Systems (and their control), and the Semantic Web.

It should be stressed that these thematic areas will not only contribute

towards the priority area of Information and Communication

Technologies, but also towards other areas rated as strategic by the EU,

such as Energy, Transports and Security.

The text concerning the Knowledge and Cognitive and Learning

Systems, authored by the European Union (Dossier 2005/0185 - CNS)

predicts the development of methods and techniques to acquire, create

and interpret, represent and personalise, navigate and retrieve, share

and deliver knowledge, recognizing the semantic relationships, in

content for use by both humans and machines. It also predicts the

development of artificial systems that perceive, interpret and evaluate

information, and that can cooperate, act autonomously and learn.

These texts also refer the need for the development of theories and

experiences that move beyond mere incremental advances, benefiting

from insights into natural cognition, in particular in the areas of learning

and memory, also for the purpose of advancing systems for human

learning.

COGNOMA is aware of the environments for which the European Union

assigns top priorities, namely Personal Ambiences; Domestic Ambiences;

Robotic Systems; and Intelligent Infrastructures.

-Introduction- 30

-Introduction- 31

GECAD Groups (Research Lines)

Ambient Intelligence & Decision Support (AI&DS)

Computational Intelligence (CI)

Intelligent Energy Systems (IES)

Knolwledge & Learning Technologies (K&LT)

-Introduction- 32

Research Group on Ambient Intelligence & Decision Support

(AI&DS)

-AI&DS- 34

-AI&DS- 35

Introduction to Ambient Intelligence & Decision Support (AI&DS) group Decision Support Systems are interactive, flexible and adaptable

systems, especially developed to support non-structured problem

solving in order to improve decision making capabilities. Since 1993,

GECAD researchers have a long experience on the development of

Decision Support Systems.

Ambient Intelligent (AmI) deals with a new world where computing

devices are spread everywhere, allowing the human being to interact in

physical world environments in an intelligent and unobtrusive way.

These environments should be aware of the needs of people,

customizing requirements and forecasting behaviours. AmI has been

identified as one of the priority research areas in Europe on the last

years.

However, there is a trend to emphasize some operational and

infrastructural technologies in AmI, like sensing and communications,

and forget the most high level and strategic technologies, like those

related with Artificial Intelligence.

Ambient Intelligence & Decision Support group claims that decision

support features are essential in AmI environments.

This group wants to illustrate some decision support capabilities in AmI

environments, namely in the following situations:

- working environments (e.g. group meetings)

- leisure environments (e.g. tourist assistance, cultural heritage,

exhibitions)

- sports (e.g. free-flight assistants, cycling)

-AI&DS- 36

- manufacturing (e.g. production scheduling)

- transports (e.g. urban transports)

- energy (e.g. power systems control centres)

- home

Ambient Intelligent & Decision Support group has obtained a

meaningful scientific recognition during the last years.

This recognition is clear from the invitation made by James Hendler,

editor-in-chief of the IEEE Intelligent Systems magazine, to Carlos

Ramos in order to coordinate the Special Issue on Ambient Intelligence,

to appear in March/April 2008 issue.

Results are already passing from prototype to real world. FlyMaster

Avionics S.A. is a spin-off generated from this group. This spin-off

developed FlyMaster NAV+, a free-flight on-board pilot Assistant (e.g.

gliding, hangliding, paragliding), using the FlyMaster F1 module with

access to GPS and sensorial information. FlyMaster Avionics S.A. is

commercializing these patented products. These products constitute a

decision support system for the pilot and are being used by the

Portuguese and French paragliding national teams with fantastic

results.

GECAD was identified by Fraunhofer Gesellshaft as one of the 12

research centres with significant competence in the areas of the new

Fraunhofer Institute to be installed in Portugal, this institute will be

dedicated to Ambient Assisted Living.

One of the most important activities involving Ambient Intelligence was

the Exhibition “Artificial Intelligence – 50 Years”. The exhibition opened

on May 31, 2006 at the Parada Leitão Museum and was visited by

-AI&DS- 37

dozens of thousands of persons, received tremendous attention from the

media, international organizations, like AAAI, and magazines (IEEE

Intelligent Systems).

Another important result was the creation of LAID (Ambient

Intelligence for Decision Support Lab.), a kind of Intelligent Meeting

Room for Group Decision Support.

During [2003-2006] this group had 5 projects (PLANET-II, IMAGE,

SCALINTEL, ArgEmotionAgents, and PFA FLYMASTER) and 3 new

projects started in 2007 (PSiS, TOURSPLAN, and SmartVision).

This group envisages being an international reference in the application

of decision support in AmI environments. Publication of papers in good

scientific journals and conferences, edition of special issues, organization

of events are also envisaged. Following the GECAD culture, research

projects are an important goal to be considered by the group. The

creation of new spin-offs is also desired.

-AI&DS- 38

-AI&DS- 39

Researchers of Ambient Intelligence & Decision Support (AI&DS) group

Group Coordinator: Carlos Ramos

email: csr@dei.isep.ipp.pt

PhD Researchers

Ana Maria Neves de Almeida Baptista Figueiredo

Carlos Fernando da Silva Ramos

João Manuel Pereira Barroso

João Paulo Fonseca da Costa Moura

João Paulo Jorge Pereira

José Avelino Silva Marinho

Leonel Caseiro Morgado

Lino Manuel Baptista Figueiredo

Nuno Filipe da Fonseca Bastos Gomes

Paulo Nogueira Martins

Antonio Manuel Cardoso da Costa (collaborator)

Non-PhD researchers

António Paulo Gomes dos Santos

Carlos Filipe Araújo de Freitas

Dorabela Regina Chiote Ferreira Gamboa

Maria Goreti Carvalho Marreiros

Nuno Miguel dos Santos Branco

Nuno Jorge Pereira Saleiro

Ricardo Jorge da Silva Santos

Rui Miguel Bento de Carvalho e Silva

-AI&DS- 40

-AI&DS- 41

Specific Projects of the Ambient Intelligence & Decision Support (AI&DS) group

PLANET-II - IST-29656 - Network of Excellence on Artificial Intelligence

Planning [2001-2003] – EC

IMAGE - POCTI-32352 - Integrated Tools for Computer Supported

Manufacturing Systems project [2000-2003] - FCT

SCALINTEL - POCTI/EME/37525/2001 - Decision Support System for

Scheduling with Scalable Intelligence [2002-2005] - FCT

ArgEmotionAgents - POSI/EIA/56259/2004 - Argumentative Agents

with Emotional Behaviour Modelling for Participants’ Support in Group

Decision-Making Meetings [2005-2008] - FCT

PFA FlyMaster - Personal Flight Assistant project [2006-2007] - AdI

PSiS - PTDC/TRA/72152/2006 - Personalized Sightseeing Planning

System [2007-2010] - FCT

TOURSPLAN - PTDC/EIA/74310/2006 - TOURS PLANning Support

system [2007-2010] - FCT

SmartVision - PTDC/EIA/73633/2006 - Active vision for the blind [2007-

2010]

-AI&DS- 42

Budgets of Projects of Ambient Intelligence & Decision Support (AI&DS) group

PLANET-II – budget for specific missions

IMAGE - € 40.000,00

SCALINTEL - € 80.000,00

ArgEmotionAgents - € 71.000,00

PFA FlyMaster - € 85.000,00

PSiS - € 99.312,00

TOURSPLAN - € 95.000,00

SmartVision - € 166.000,00

iDESK (FCT Reequipment) - € 70.000,00

IPP Reequipment - € 21.500,00

iDESK-RUN (FCT Basic Fund) - € 89.487,50

ISEP Basic Fund - € 5.000,00

Post-PhD hiring fund – € 220.000,00

-AI&DS- 43

PLANET-II - IST-29656 - Network of Excellence on

Artificial Intelligence Planning

Project Coordinator at GECAD: João Rocha

email: jsr@isep.ipp.pt

PLANET-II was the continuation of PLANET (Network of Excellence on Artificial Intelligence Planning). PLANET was developed during 1999-2000 and is a Network of Excellence co-ordinated by the University of Ulm (Germany), and involving companies like ILOG, COSYTEC, Thomson, Siemens AG and British Telecom. PLANET-II started in 2001 and was approved for 3 years.

-AI&DS- 44

IMAGE - POCTI-32352 - Integrated Tools for Computer Supported Manufacturing Systems project

Project Leader: Carlos Ramos

email: csr@dei.isep.ipp.pt

IMAGE (Integrated Tools for Computer Supported Manufacturing in the Global Economy) was a project supported by FCT that started in October/2000 with the duration of 3 years. The goal of IMAGE was to build Multi-Agent Systems for dealing with the new trends of Manufacturing. Concepts like Virtual Enterprises and Electronic Commerce are present in IMAGE, thus extending the distributed manufacturing paradigm from the shop-floor level to the entire enterprise and society.

-AI&DS- 45

SCALINTEL - POCTI/EME/37525/2001 - Decision Support System for Scheduling with Scalable Intelligence

Project Leader: Carlos Ramos

email: csr@dei.isep.ipp.pt

SCALINTEL (Decision Support System for Scheduling with Scalable Intelligence) was a project supported by FCT that started in January/2002 with the duration of 3 years. It was started due to several studies that pointed out to some constraints in Decision Support Systems (DSS) for Scheduling. The first constraint was the difficulty in an intelligent interaction between the user and the DSS. DSS were not able to explain their reasoning or proposed solutions, like an Expert System, since this is very difficult for most of the scheduling algorithms. The second limitation was that DSS should not restrict to follow the user-interaction paradigm – they should infer what their users are trying to do and learn from the observation. Finally, decision-making is usually a process involving many people, advising for different aspects of the problem, which points for the need of Group DSS (GDSS). SCALINTEL contributed with the following originalities: new versions of scheduling algorithms oriented for intelligent interaction; use of case-based learning methods for user intention recognition; and use of Multi-Agent Systems paradigm for modelling GDSS.

-AI&DS- 46

ArgEmotionAgents - POSI/EIA/56259/2004 - Argumentative Agents with Emotional Behaviour Modelling for Participants’ Support in Group Decision-Making Meetings

Project Leader: Carlos Ramos

Email: csr@dei.isep.ipp.pt

ArgEmotionAgents is a project envisaging the use of Multi-Agent Systems approach for supporting Group Decision-Making processes, where Argumentation and Emotion components are especially important. Lots of work has been done in the Negotiation domain. Most of this work considers two participants negotiation, and involves rational decision making. ArgEmotionAgents intends to give a meaningful contribution. The work will be centered in Argumetation processes. These processes are so rich, namely because they do not consider just the rational aspects. An important emotional component is always present, such as gratitude debts, sympathy and friendship/hate relations between participants. Incompleteness, Quality of Information and Temporal Reasoning will be considered. Group Decision-Making was chose because in this domain argumentation has a crucial role, and because a significant number of participants, with different points of view, are usually involved. The final product of ArgEmotionAgents is the development of a Group Argumentation Support System, in which a community of agents will model the participants of a decision group, considering several proposals. With this platform it will be possible to give support to one or more group participants, suggesting the most convenient and adequate arguments, taking into account their objectives, the feasible proposals, voting trends and the profile of other participants. This project involves GECAD and the University of Minho.

-AI&DS- 47

PFA FlyMaster - Personal Flight Assistant project

Project Leader: Nuno Gomes

Email: nbg@isep.ipp.pt

Free flight sports, like gliding, hangliding and especially paragliding, are increasing every year. Up to now free flight pilots received few support from flight equipments, basically numeric GPS information. This drawback led to the development of FlyMaster project, creating a product that received innovation prizes and originated the FlyMaster Avionics SA spin-off. The main idea in the FlyMaster project is to create an on-board Ambient Intelligent environment composed by low-cost equipments able to assist pilots during the flight, giving them on-line decision support. FlyMaster products are now a great success in the free flight sports area, being a strong help, even for free-flight competition pilots. A significant amount of intelligence was integrated in FlyMaster products, namely to allow: the decision about when a pilot should move to the start line; the pilot support when climbing in the rising air columns (thermal lift); the trajectory plan; the glide optimization; and the context awareness to allow the automatic identification of the information to display since in this kind of sports both hands are necessary to control the gliding device. In this paper we will describe how FlyMaster is using these characteristics to allow a real pilot assistance and decision support on the fly. This project involves GECAD, Imediata, and Visteon Technologies.

-AI&DS- 48

PSiS - PTDC/TRA/72152/2006 - Personalized Sightseeing Planning System

Project Leader: Ana Almeida

Email: ana@dei.isep.ipp.pt

In this project we propose the development of a Personalised Sightseeing Planning System (PSiS) which intends to help tourists in finding a personalized tour plan allowing them to use their time efficiently and promote the culture and national tourism. Hence, this research focuses on tour planning support, we aim at defining and adapt a visit plan combining, in a tour, the most adequate tourism products, namely interesting places to visit, attractions, restaurants and accommodation, according to tourist’s specific profile (which includes interests, personal values, wishes, constraints and disabilities) and available transportation modes between the selected products. Functioning schedules will be considered as well as transportation schedules. In order to develop such a system we need to efficiently address the core of the tour planning process. Hence, we have to define an optimization model that clearly represents the described tour planning problem and design a heuristic algorithm that effectively tackles that problem. The Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) and some of its variations with additional constraints like time windows (TSPTW) or the Prize Collecting Travelling Salesman Problem (PCTSP) have been used as basis for the development of algorithms that address tour planning issues. The TSP has been extensively studied by some of the members of this research. Following our TSP research, we intend to explore the application to the tour planning problem of advanced concepts and methods for the construction of effective neighborhood structures such as those derived from ejection chain methods and take advantage of the emerging methodologies, especially those that exploit the concept of adaptive memory programming.

-AI&DS- 49

TOURSPLAN - PTDC/EIA/74310/2006 - TOURS PLANning Support system

Project Leader: Ana Almeida

Email: ana@dei.isep.ipp.pt

When a tourist arrives to a new place (country, city or region) he would certainly appreciate to have a quite simple tool to assist him in planning his staying, according to his objectives, preferences, knowledge, budget and staying period, instead of having to look for guide prospects/bulletins which sometimes can be quite confuse, or having to follow a standardized plan which does not fulfil his needs. The tour planning task can be quite complex and time consuming due to the numerous attractions to visit, restaurants to eat and hotels available, when combining this task with the selection of transportation modes to move between selected places the complexity level raises, which is generally a discouraging factor for a tourist when trying to establish a plan that fulfils his needs, including preferences, wishes and constraints. Generated tour plans will be added to a “tour basket”, here the tourist has the possibility of eliminate selected attractions or add new ones, according his actual interest, motivation or availability. The system gathers knowledge about the tourist’s profiles, creating groups and stereotypes with specific interests and features, allowing characteristics inheritance. The “tour basket” stores tourist’s travel history, where all the places he visited are stored, which leads to accumulated knowledge about personal profiles. This knowledge, together with tourist stereotypes offer a mean of learning about general and specific interests of tourists, so that this information can serve as a basis for studying new forms of tourist products, which can be useful for the tourism sector, namely public entities (e.g. city council) as well as for travel agencies. It will be possible to return information on accomplished tours. So, the system gathers knowledge about tourist’s opinions and preferences. Based on this knowledge and on profile groups categorised information can be delivered according to tourist specific interests, namely events, factual information, useful tips, promotional offers, recommended places to visit and more. This project involves GECAD and CENTRIA (New University of Lisbon).

-AI&DS- 50

SmartVision - PTDC/EIA/73633/2006 - Active vision for the blind

Project Coordinator at GECAD: João Barroso

Email: jbarroso@utad.pt

Vehicles can be equipped with a GPS/GIS-based navigation system. By contrast, blind and visually impaired persons need to navigate using the stick or, at best, an ultrasonic obstacle detector. This asymmetry needs to be solved, an estimated 180 million persons with severe impairments of which 40-50 million are completely blind, and every year 2 million people more become blind. The Greek project SmartEyes aims at developing a portable GPS/GIS-based navigation aid for the blind, obviously limited to outdoor navigation and stable landmarks like zebra crossings, bus stops, shops etc. This FCT project concerns a collaboration with the SmartEyes project, for developing an active vision module. We will develop the necessary technology for outdoor and indoor navigation, with obstacle avoidance and object recognition. Main problems to be solved are the detection of outlines of sidewalks and zebra crossings while walking, including nearby obstacles like trees, traffic signs, persons (children) and dogs. Indoor navigation requires detection of corridors, doors and furniture, but also locating objects, like a ketchup bottle in a pantry or fridge. Only by complementing SmartEyes with realtime vision it will become a really smart aid! The necessary hardware is already available: a palmtop with BlueTooth link and GPS (in the future Galileo), plus cameras with USB interface. The main problem of a palmtop is its processor without floating-point units, which means that state-of-the-art algorithms from computer vision must be implemented using integers. There are two solutions: (a) most of the processing can be done remotely on a normal PC or even a small cluster, and (b) instead of applying most processing from the first to the last pixel of the video frames, processing can be limited to important regions by using a model of human vision, namely Focus-of-Attention (FoA). Instead of only focusing on computer vision, this project establishes a link with human vision. Recent progress in the modelling of processes in the visual cortex showed that computational models can already compete with the state-of-the-art in computer vision. This concerns 2D multi-scale line/edge and keypoint extraction, Focus-of-Attention and object categorisation. Linking computer vision and human vision allows to "combine the best of two worlds". For example, recognition of rotated 3D objects by using a limited number of views in visual memory is a difficult problem to be solved because of outliers, but robust methods are available from computer vision. This project involves GECAD/UTAD, University of Algarve, AIBILI, and IST.

-AI&DS- 51

Main Publications in Journals of the Ambient Intelligence & Decision Support (AI&DS) group

• C. Ramos; How Portugal celebrated AI’s 50th Anniversary; IEEE Intelligent

Systems Magazine; 21(4); pp. 86-88; 2006; IF=2,413

• C. Ramos, J. Augusto, D. Shapiro; Ambient Intelligence; IEEE Intelligent

Systems Magazine; 23(2); 3 pages, accepted for publication in special issue

on Ambient Intelligence in Mar/Apr-2008; IF=2,413 in 2006

• L. Figueiredo, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, J. Rui Ferreira; Dynamical Analysis of

Freeway Traffic; IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems;

5(4); pp. 259-266;2004; IF=1.104

• L. Figueiredo, J. Tenreiro Machado; Simulation and Dynamics of Freeway

Traffic; Journal of Nonlinear Dynamics - special issue Modeling and Control

of Intelligent Transportation Systems; Springer; 2006; IF=0,902

• L. Figueiredo, J. Tenreiro Machado; Editorial Journal of Nonlinear Dynamics;

Journal of Nonlinear Dynamics - special issue Modeling and Control of

Intelligent Transportation Systems; Springer; 2006; IF=0,902

• D. Gamboa, C. Rego, F. Glover; Implementation Analysis of Efficient

Heuristic Algorithms for the Traveling Salesman Problem; Computers and

Operations Research; 33(4); pp. 1161-1179; 2006; IF=0.893

• D. Gamboa, C. Rego, F. Glover; Data Structures and Ejection Chains for

Solving Large Scale Traveling Salesman Problems; European Journal of

Operational Research; 160(1); pp. 154-171; 2005; IF=0.824

• G. Marreiros, C. Ramos, J. Neves. Dealing with Emotional Factors in Agent

Based Ubiquitous Decision; Lecture Notes in Computer Science; Springer-

Verlag; ISBN: 3-540-30803-2; 3823; pp. 41 – 50; 2005; IF=0.402

• L. Figueiredo, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, J. Rui Ferreira; Fractional-Order

Dynamics in Freeway Traffic; International Journal of Pure and Applied

Mathematics; 13(2); pp. 167-179; 2004; IF=0,105

• G. Marreiros, C. Ramos, J. Neves; Modelling group decision meeting

participants with an Agent-based approach; Selected for publication in an

upcoming special issue of the International Journal of Engineering Intelligent

Systems in 2007; IF=0.094 in 2006

-AI&DS- 52

Some other Publications of the Ambient Intelligence & Decision Support (AI&DS) group

• G. Marreiros, R. Santos, C. Ramos, J. Neves, P. Novais, J. Machado, J. Bulas-

Cruz; Ambient Intelligence in Emotion Based Ubiquitous Decision Making;

Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Ambient Intelligence; IJCAI’07 –

Twentieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence;

Hyderabad, India, January, 2007

• L. Figueiredo, J. T. Machado, J. Ferreira; Simulation and Dynamical Analysis

of Freeway Traffic; 2003 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man

and Cybernetics; Washington, USA; 2003

• A. Almeida, C. Ramos, S. C. Silva; Simultaneous Manufacturing in Batch

Production; 6th IEEE International Symposium Assembly and Task Planning;

Besançon, France; 2003

• J. P. Moura, A. Coelho, M. Gaspar, F. Gomes; A GIS application for Urban

Parking Management; In Geographical Information Systems Planet; Estoril;

Portugal; 2005

• G. Marreiros, C. Ramos, J. Neves; Emotion and Group Decision Making in

Artificial Intelligence; Cognitive, Emotive and Ethical Aspects of Decision-

Making in Humans and in AI - vol IV, Iva Smit; Wendell Wallach; George

Lasker (Eds.). Published By The International Institute for advanced Studies

in Systems Research and Cybernetics; ISBN 1-894613-86-4; pp. 41-46; 2005

• A. Almeida, C. Ramos; A Scheduling Approach to Batch Production

Envisaging the Reduction of Job Throughput Times; Intelligent Systems at

the Service of Mankind ; 2; Wilfried Elmenreich, J. Tenreiro Machado and

Imre J. Rudas (Eds.); Ubooks. ISBN 3-935798-25-3; pp. 255-268; 2005

• L. Figueiredo, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, J. K. Tar; Modelling and Control of

Freeway Traffic; Intelligent Systems at the Service of Mankind; 2; Wilfried

Elmenreich, J. Tenreiro Machado and Imre J. Rudas (Eds.); Ubooks; ISBN 3-

935798-25-3; pp. 3-13; 2005

• L. Morgado, M. Cruz, K. Kahn; ToonTalk in Kindergartens: Field Notes, in A.

Mendez-Vilas, J. Mesa González, I. Maldonado (eds.); Information Society

-AI&DS- 53

and Education – Journal of Digital Contents; 1(1), ISSN 1696-313X, ISBN 84-

607-8369-3; Formatex; Spain; 2003

• A. Almeida, G. Marreiros; An approach to Collaborative Scheduling through

Group Decision Support; Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence

and Intelligent Informatics; 10(4); Fuji Technology Press Ltd, Tokyo, Japan;

2006

• J. P. Pereira, J. A. Jorge, V. A. Branco, F. Nunes Ferreira; Calligraphic

Interfaces: Mixed Metaphors for Design; Lecture Notes in Computer Science;

Springer Verlag; 2844; pp. 154-170; 2003

• Almeida, C. Ramos, S. C. Silva; Concurrent Scheduling of Manufacturing

Orders; Concurrent Engineering - Advanced Design, Production and

Management Systems ; Swets & Zeitlinger B. V. ; 2003

• A. Almeida, C. Ramos, S. C. Silva; Product Oriented Detailed Scheduling ;

Computer Integrated Manufacturing - Advanced Design and Management ;

Wydawnictwa Naukowo - Techniczne ; 2003

• L. Figueiredo, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, J. Rui Ferreira; Simulation and

Analysis of Freeway Traffic Dynamics; Recent Trends in Intelligent

Transportation Systems; World Scientific Publishing Co at River Edge; 2004

• A. Almeida, G. Marreiros; Toward Collaborative Scheduling; Information for

Balanced Manufacturing Systems, Weiming Shen (Ed.); pp. 47-56; Springer;

New York, 2006

• C. Ramos, G. Marreiros, P. Sousa, J. Marinho, R. Santos, J. Neves, A. Abelha, J.

Machado; AMBITION: Ambient Intelligence with Emotional Behaviour;

Knowledge and Decision Technologies; Z. Vale, C. Ramos and L. Faria (eds.);

pp. 337-344; ISBN 972-8688-39-3; 2006

• G. Marreiros, C. Ramos, J. Neves; An Emotional Agent Based Simulator For

Group Decision Making; Knowledge and Decision Technologies; Z. Vale, C.

Ramos and L. Faria (eds.); pp. 143-149; ISBN 972-8688-39-3; 2006

• G. Marreiros, P. Novais, J. Machado, C. Ramos, J. Neves; A Formal Approach

To Argumentation In Group Decision Scenarios; Knowledge and Decision

Technologies; Z. Vale, C. Ramos and L. Faria (eds.); pp. 135-141; ISBN 972-

8688-39-3; 2006

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• Almeida, G. Marreiros; A Group Decision Framework to Support

Collaborative Scheduling; Knowledge and Decision Technologies; Z. Vale, C.

Ramos and L. Faria (eds.); ISBN 972-8688-39-3; 2006

• L. Figueiredo, J. Tenreiro Machado, A. Almeida, C. Reis; SITS – Simulator of

Intelligent Transportation Systems; Knowledge and Decision Technologies. Z.

Vale, C. Ramos and L. Faria (eds.); pp. 329-335; ISBN: 972-8688-39-3; 2006

• R. Santos, G. Marreiros, C. Ramos, J. Neves, J. Bulas-Cruz; Multi-Agent

Approach for Ubiquitous Group Decision Support involving Emotions;

Lectures Notes for Computer Science; 4159; pp. 1174 – 1185; Springer, 2006

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PhD and MSc Thesis of Ambient Intelligence & Decision Support (AI&DS) group

PhD Thesis

• Ana Almeida Figueiredo; Análise e Desenvolvimento de Mecanismos e

Algoritmos de Apoio ao Escalonamento Orientado ao Produto (Analysis and

development of Mechanisms and Algorithms for Product oriented

Scheduling Support); PhD Thesis in Production Systems; University of Minho;

2003.

• João Paulo Jorge Pereira; Interacção Caligráfica Ambígua em Sistemas

Computacionais de Modelação (Ambiguous Caligraphic Interaction in

Modelling Computational Systems), PhD Thesis in Electrical & Computer

Engineering, Faculty of Engineering – University of Porto (FEUP); 2004.

• Lino Figueiredo; Sistemas Inteligentes de Transporte (Intelligent

Transportation Systems); PhD Thesis in Electrical & Computer Engineering,

FEUP; 2005.

• Paulo Martins, Um Modelo para Ensino a Distância em Ambientes que

suportam Mobilidade (A Distance Learning Model for Mobile Environments),

PhD Thesis in Electrical Engineering; Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto

Douro (UTAD), 2005.

• António Cunha, Controlo de Veículos Autoguiados com Base na Análise de

Sequências de Imagens (Autonomous guided Vehicles Control based on

Image Sequence Analysis), PhD Thesis in Electrical Engineering; UTAD, 2005.

• J. Marinho; Sistemas Inteligentes de Apoio à Decisão com capacidades de

Justificação de Soluções e Identificação da Intenção do Utilizador (Intelligent

Decision Support Systems with Solution Explanation and User Intention

Identification); PhD Thesis in Informatics, UTAD; 2006.

• João Paulo Moura; Um modelo cooperativo de gestão de informação

territorial (A cooperative model for Territorial Information Management);

PhD Thesis in Electrical Engineering; UTAD, 2006.

• Leonel Morgado; Framework for Computer Programming in Preschool and

Kindergarten, PhD Thesis in Informatics, UTAD, 2006.

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• Maria Goreti Marreiros; Agentes de Apoio à Argumentação e Decisão em

Grupo (Argumentation and Decision Support Agents); PhD Thesis in

Informatics; University of Minho; 2007.

• Dorabela Gamboa; Algoritmos de Memória Adaptativa para a Resolução

de Problemas de Optimização Combinatória de Grande Dimensão

(Adaptive Memory Algorithms for solving High Dimension Combinatory

Optimization Problems); PhD Thesis; Instituto Superior Técnico; 2007.

MSc Thesis

• Monica Costa; Signal Reconstruction Techniques applied to High Temporal

Resolution Sequences, MSc Thesis in Electrical Engineering; UTAD, 2006.

Research Group on Computational Intelligence

(CI)

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Introduction to Computational Intelligence (CI) group Computational Intelligence corresponds to a set of techniques used to

build Intelligent Systems by combining basic elements of learning,

adaptation, and evolution. Referred sometimes as Soft Computing

and/or Metaheuristics, Computational Intelligence involves many

different techniques like Genetic Algorithms, Tabu Search, Simulated

Annealing, Neural Networks, Swarm Intelligence, Ant Colonies, Fuzzy

Systems, Chaos Theory, Fractals, Artificial Immune systems, Wavelets,

and more recently Fractional Calculus.

The use of Fractional Calculus in the modelling of complex nonlinear

system is emerging as a new promising area. The Computational

Intelligence group of GECAD constitute an international reference in

this field, namely by the work developed by José Tenreiro Machado,

who is frequently requested to present Plenary Sessions and to edit

Special Issues of Journals about this topic. Notice that Fractional

Calculus is still in a fundamental research phase.

The combination of Multi-Agent Systems with some of the

Computational Intelligence techniques, namely with Genetic Algorithms

and Tabu Search, is another area where the Computational Intelligence

group is involved.

The main goal of the Computational Intelligence group is to be an

international reference in some specific topics of Computational

Intelligence and the involvement in international forums, working

groups, and organizations chapters of the related.

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Publication of papers in good scientific journals and conferences, edition

of special issues, organization of events is also envisaged. Due to the

more fundamental orient research of some important topics of the

group the attention should be more centred in the scientific evolution of

the field.

Application domains of the developed techniques are so diverse

involving Robotics, Manufacturing, Energy, Transports, Music, etc.

Fractional Calculus is an area where this group is obtaining an

extraordinary recognition. Besides more than 20 publications in

scientific journals, other scientific results have been achieved in

Computational Intelligence, namely:

- the edition or acceptance for future edition of 15 special issues for

scientific journals;

- the edition of 7 complete books (4 from Springer and 3 from Ubooks).

The 15 special issues of journals are the following:

-Signal Processing, Elsevier, “Fractional Signal Processing and

Applications”, 83(11), 2003

-Advanced Robotics, VSP, “Selected Papers from ICAR03”, 18(8), 2004

-Nonlinear Dynamics, Kluwer, “Fractional Derivatives and Their

Applications”, 38(1-4), 2004

-Signal Processing, Elsevier, “Fractional Calculus Applications in Signals

and Systems”, 86(10), 2006

-Journal of Vibration and Control, Sage Pub, “Modeling and Control of

Artificial Locomotion Systems”, 12(12), 2006

-Journal of Vibration and Control, Sage Pub, “Mathematical Methods in

Engineering”, 2007

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-Journal of Vibration and Control, Sage Pub, "Fractional Differentiation

and its Applications”, 2007

-Nonlinear Dynamics, Springer, “Modeling and Control of Intelligent

Transportation Systems”, 2007

-Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent

Informatics, Fuji Technology Press, “Computational Intelligence”, 2007

- Journal of Computational and Nonlinear Dynamics, ASME,

“Discontinuous and Fractional Dynamical Systems”, 2007

-Journal Européen des Systèmes Automatisés, “Systèmes à dérivées non

entières et leurs applications en modélisation, identification et

commande”, Hermes, 2007

-Physica Scripta, Fractional Differentiation and its Applications, 2008.

-Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation,

Elsevier, Recent Advances in Fractional Calculus, 2008.

Transactions on Information Science and Applications; WSEAS;

Evolutionary Computing; Issue 5, Volume 2, 2005

Transactions on Systems; WSEAS; Neural Networks and Fuzzy Systems;

Issue 4, Volume 4, 2005

The important contribution of this group has been recognized by IEEE

Computational Society that created a chapter in Portugal with all the 3

member of the direction from GECAD.

During [2003-2006] this group had 4 projects (MASDScheGATS,

Fractional SC, AgentLink II and III) and a new project will start in 2007

(AutoDynAgents).

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Researchers of Computational Intelligence (CI) group

Group Coordinator: José Tenreiro Machado

email: jtm@isep.ipp.pt

PhD Researchers

Alexandra Maria Soares Ferreira Galhano

Ana Maria Dias Madureira Pereira

Cecília Maria do Rio Fernandes Moreira Reis

Fernando Baltazar Moreira Duarte

Isabel Maria de Sousa de Jesus

José António Tenreiro Machado

Manuel Fernando dos Santos Silva

Nuno Miguel Fonseca Ferreira

Ramiro de Sousa Barbosa

Rui Candido Ribeiro Soares

Isabel Maria Marques Alves Ferreira (IES group)

Jose Ricardo Teixeira Puga (IES group)

Lino Manuel Baptista Figueiredo (AI&DS group)

Paulo Alexandre Gandra Sousa (K&LT group, collaborator)

Viriato António Pereira Marinho Marques (collaborator)

Non-PhD Researchers

Ivo André Soares Pereira

Joaquim Filipe Peixoto dos Santos

Maria da Graça Marcos

Maria Manuela Jorge Martins Ferreira

Miguel Francisco Martins de Lima

Filipe Miguel Tavares de Azevedo (IES group)

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Specific Projects of the Computational Intelligence (CI) group

AgentLink-II - ESPRIT-27225 - Network of Excellence on Agent-Based

Computing [2001-2003] – EC

AgentLink-III - IST-26113 - Network of Excellence on Agent-Based

Computing [2004-2005] - EC

Fractional SC - Integration of Green Functions as Fractional Order

Derivatives in Non-linear Systems’ Control Based on a Novel Branch of

Soft Computing [2004-2007] – ICCTI, OMFB

MASDScheGATS - POCTI/EME/61229/2004 - Multi-Agent System for

Distributed Manufacturing Scheduling with Genetic Algoritms and Tabu

Search [2005-2008]– FCT

AutoDynAgents - PTDC/EME-GIN/66848/2006 - Autonomic Agents

with Self-Managing Capabilities for Dynamic Scheduling Support in a

Cooperative Manufacturing System [2007-2010]– FCT

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Budgets of Projects of Computational Intelligence (CI) group

AgentLink -II – budget for specific missions

AgentLink -III – budget for specific missions

Fractional SC - budget for specific missions

MASDScheGATS - € 62.000,00

AutoDynAgents - € 80.000,00

iDESK (FCT Reequipment) - € 42.000,00

IPP Reequipment - € 20.000,00

iDESK-RUN (FCT Basic Fund) - € 89.487,50

ISEP Basic Fund - € 5.000,00

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AgentLink-II - ESPRIT-27225 - Network of Excellence

on Agent-Based Computing

Project Coordinator at GECAD: Paulo Sousa

email: pgs@isep.ipp.pt

AgentLink-II is the continuation of AgentLink (Network of Excellence on Agent-based Computing). AgentLink was developed during 1998-2000 and is a Network of Excellence co-ordinated by the University of Southampton (UK) .Our group is involved in 2 Special Interest Groups of AgentLink-II: SIG on Multi-Agent Coordination and Control and SIG on Agent Mediated Electronic Commerce. AgentLink-II started in 2001 and was approved for 3 years.

Product Database

System Description

Holon script

Holon script

Configuration Designer

Product Builder

Control Panel

Deploy

Resource holon

Task holon

Task Launcher

Resource holon

Resource holon

Holon script

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AgentLink-III - IST-26113 - Network of Excellence on

Agent-Based Computing

Project Coordinator at GECAD: Paulo Sousa

email: pgs@isep.ipp.pt

AgentLink-II is the continuation of AgentLink-II (Network of Excellence on Agent-based Computing). During this phase of the project our group was involved in the discussion of the Issues in Multiagent Resource Allocation and in the Process Planning and Scheduling in Distributed Manufacturing combining Agents with Holonic systems. We were also involved in the definition of the document “Roadmap for Agent-based Computing”.

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Fractional SC - Integration of Green Functions as Fractional Order Derivatives in Non-linear Systems’ Control Based on a Novel Branch of Soft Computing

Project Coordinator at GECAD: José Tenreiro Machado

email: jtm@isep.ipp.pt

The project “Fractional SC - Integration of Green Functions as Fractional Order Derivatives in Non-linear Systems’ Control Based on a Novel Branch of Soft Computing” envisages considering Soft Computing techniques in Non-Linear Systems with Fractional Order Derivatives. On the basis of the idea of neural networks (cropping up in the forties) and the fuzzy sets (appearing in the sixties) new modelling possibilities became available. Typical problem classes have been identified for modelling of which typical uniform architectures containing a plenty of free parameters were available. By tuning these parameters either in a quie causal (e.g. by gradient descent, simplex or complex algorithm), quite stochastic (e.g. by genetic algorithms) or combined (e.g. simulated annealing) manner uniform machine learning methods has been introduced. These are independent of the particular details of the given problem to be solved by them. The combination of these three basic components is referred to as "Soft Computing, (SC)". Their application is especially advantageous whenever the analytical system model is too complex, requires huge computational burden, or it is impossible to identify its parameters or such identification needs too much calculations. This project started in 2004 and José Tenreiro Machado is the responsible for the Portuguese group, while Prof. József Kázmér Tar is responsible for the Hungarian group (Budapest Polytechnic).

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MASDScheGATS - POCTI/EME/61229/2004 - Multi-Agent System for Distributed Manufacturing Scheduling with Genetic Algoritms and Tabu Search

Project Leader: Ana Madureira

email: anamadur@dei.isep.ipp.pt

In MASDScheGATS Project we model a Manufacturing Systems by means of a Multi-Agent Systems, where each agent may represent a processing entity (e.g. a machine). The project has as objective to deal with the complex problem of Dynamic Scheduling in Manufacturing Systems. A good global solution for a scheduling problem may emerge from a community of machine agents solving locally their schedules and cooperating with other machine agents that shares some relations between the operations/jobs (e.g. a precedence relation). Genetic Algorithms and Tabu Search methods can be adapted to deal with dynamic problems, reusing and changing solutions/populations in accordance with the dynamism of the Manufacturing System. The self-parameterisation of the Genetic Algorithms and Tabu Search methods allow a better adaptation to the situation being considered.

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AutoDynAgents - PTDC/EME-GIN/66848/2006 - Autonomic Agents with Self-Managing Capabilities for Dynamic Scheduling Support in a Cooperative Manufacturing System

Project Leader: Ana Madureira

email: anamadur@dei.isep.ipp.pt

AutoDynAgents is a project envisaging the use of Multi-Agent Systems paradigm for supporting dynamic and distributed scheduling in Manufacturing Systems with Autonomic properties, in order to reduce the complexity of managing systems and human interference. The objective of AutoDynAgents is to define a Multi-Agent Autonomic and Bio-Inspired based framework with learning and self-managing capabilities to solve complex scheduling problems using cooperative negotiation. The scheduling system will be equipped with some degree of problem diagnosis and resolution capability, incorporating the concept of Autonomic Computing, by self-configuration, self-optimization and self-healing. The final product of AutoDynAgents is an Autonomic Scheduling System in which a community of agents model a real manufacturing system subject to perturbations. Agents must be able to learn and manage their internal behaviour and their relationships with other autonomic agents, by cooperative negotiation in accordance with business policies defined by user manager. Cooperative Negotiation is quite important at this approach; we consider a Multi-dimensional Negotiation process depending upon the effort that the agents want to expend based on business. This project involves GECAD and CENTRIA (New University of Lisbon).

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Main Publications in Journals of the Computational Intelligence (CI) group

• L. Figueiredo, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, J. Rui Ferreira;Dynamical Analysis of

Freeway Traffic; IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems;

5(4); pp. 259-266; 2004; IF=1.104

• F. Azevedo, Z. Vale, P. Moura Oliveira; A Decision-Support System Based on

Particle Swarm Optimization for Multiperiod Hedging in Electricity Markets;

IEEE Transactions on Power Systems; 22(3); 2007; IF=0,922 in 2006

• L. Figueiredo, J. Tenreiro Machado; Simulation and Dynamics of Freeway

Traffic; Journal of Nonlinear Dynamics - special issue Modeling and Control

of Intelligent Transportation Systems; Springer; 2006; IF=0,902

• L. Figueiredo, J. Tenreiro Machado; Editorial of the special issue Modeling

and Control of Intelligent Transportation Systems; Journal of Nonlinear

Dynamics; Springer, 2006; IF=0,902

• E. Solteiro Pires, P. Oliveira, J. Tenreiro Machado; Manipulator Trajectory

Planning using MOEA; Applied Soft Computing Journal; Elsevier; 2007;

IF=0.849 in 2006

• J. A. Tenreiro Machado, I. Jesus, A. Galhano, J. Boaventura Cunha; Fractional

Order Electromagnetics; Journal of Signal Processing – Special Section

Fractional Calculus Applications in Signals and Systems; 86(10); pp. 2637-

2644; Elsevier; ISSN 0165-1684; 2006; IF=0.669

• E. Solteiro Pires, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, P. Oliveira; Dynamical Modelling of

a Genetic Algorithm; Journal of Signal Processing; 86(10); pp. 2760-2770;

Elsevier, ISSN 0165-1684; 2006; IF=0.669

• M. Silva, J. Tenreiro Machado, R. Barbosa; Complex-Order Dynamics in

Hexapod Locomotion; Journal of Signal Processing; 86(10); pp. 2785 – 2793;

Springer, ISSN 0165-1684; 2006; IF=0.669

• R. Barbosa, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, M. Silva; Time Domain Design of

Fractional Differentegrators using Least-Squares Approximations; Journal of

Signal Processing; 86(10); pp. 2567 – 2581; Springer, ISSN 0165-1684; 2006;

IF=0.669

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• M. D. Ortigueira, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, J. Sá da Costa; Which

Differintegration; IEE Proceedings - Vision, Image, and Signal Processing;

152(6); pp. 846-850; 2005; IF=0.655

• E. J. Solteiro Pires, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, P. B. de Moura Oliveira;

Fractional Order Dynamics in a GA Planner - Special Issue on Fractional

Signal Processing and Applications; Journal of Signal Processing; Elsevier;

83(11); pp. 2377-2386; 2003; IF= 0.569

• M. F. Silva, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, A. M. Lopes; Modelling and Simulation of

Artificial Locomotion Systems; Robotica; 23(5); pp. 595-606; 2005; IF= 0.492

• Madureira; Challenges in Real world Optimization through Meta-Heuristics:

The Dynamic Scheduling Case; WSEAS Transactions on Business and

Economics; 2(3); pp.123-134; 2005

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Some other Publications of the Computational Intelligence (CI) group

• “Intelligent Systems at the Service of Mankind - vol. 1”, Ubooks, Germany,

2004, ISBN 3-935798-25-3, Editors: W. Elmenreich, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, I.

J. Rudas.

• “Intelligent Systems at the Service of Mankind – vol. 2”, Ubooks, Germany,

ISBN 3-86608-052-2, Editors: Wilfried Elmenreich, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, I. J.

Rudas.

• “Fractional Differentiation and its Applications”, ISBN 3-86608-026-3,

Ubooks, Germany Editors: Alain Le Mahaute, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, J. C.

Trigeassou, J. Sabatier.

• “Mathematical Methods in Engineering”, Springer, 2006, ISBN 978-1-4020-

5677-2, Editors: K. Tas, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, D. Baleanu.

• "Advances in Fractional Calculus: Theoretical Developments and

Applications in Physics and Engineering", Springer, 2007, ISBN: 978-1-4020-

6041-0, Editors: J. Sabatier, O. Agrawal, J. A. Tenreiro Machado.

• “Intelligent Engineering Systems and Computational Cybernetics”, Springer,

2008, Editors: J. Tenreiro Machado B. Ptkái, I. J. Rudas.

• “New trends in fractional differentiation and its applications”, Springer, 2008,

Editors: D. Baleanu, J. A. Tenreiro Machado.

• M. F. Silva, J. A. Terneiro Machado, A. M. Lopes ; Position/Force Control of a

Walking Robot ; MIROC - Machine Intelligence and Robotic Control; Cyber

Scientif; 2003

• C. Reis, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, J. Boaventura Cunha; Evolutionary Design of

Combinational Logic Circuits; Journal of Advanced Computational

Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics; 2003

• J. A. Tenreiro Machado, R. S. Barbosa, N. M. Fonseca Ferreira ; Commande

d'Ordre Fractionnaire Position/Force d'un Manipulateur Mécanique; e-STA -

Sciences et Technologies de l'Automatique; 2003

• J. A. Tenreiro Machado; A Probabilistic Interpretation of the Fractional-

Order Differentiation ; FCAA - Journal of Fractional Calculus & Applied

Analysis; 6(1); pp. 73-80; 2003

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• C. Reis, J. A. Tenreiro Machado; An Evolutionary Approach to the Synthesis

of Combinational Circuits; Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence

and Intelligent Informatics;8(5); pp. 507-513; Fuji Technology Press; 2004

• J. A. Tenreiro Machado, R. S. Barbosa, M. F. Silva, L. M. Figueiredo, F. B.

Duarte, M. Fonseca Ferreira; Application of Fractional Calculus in the

Modelling and Control of Mechanical Systems; Revista Robótica e

Automatização; 35; pp. 10-13; 2004

• P. Sousa, C. Ramos, J. Neves;The Fabricare System; Production Planning &

Control; 15(2); pp. 156-165; Taylor & Francis; 2004

• P. Sousa; C. Ramos, J. Neves; The Fabricare Scheduling Prototype Suite:

Agent interaction and knowledge base; Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing;

14(5); pp. 441-455; Kluwer Academic Publishers; 2004

• R. Barbosa, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, I. M. Ferreira; PID Controller Tuning

Using Fractional Calculus Concepts; FCAA - Fractional Calculus & Applied

Analysis; 7(2); pp. 119-134; 2004

• M. F. Silva, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, A. M. Lopes; Fractional Order Control of

a Hexapod Robot; Nonlinear Dynamics; 2004

• R. S. Barbosa, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, I. M. Ferreira; Controller Tuning Based

On Bode's Ideal Transfer Function;Nonlinear Dynamics; Kluwer Publishers;

2004

• M. F. Silva, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, A. M. Lopes; Multi-Legged Robot

Modelling and Simulation; Systems Analysis Modelling Simulation; 2004

• J. A. Tenreiro Machado, I. S. Jesus; A Suggestion from the Past?; FCAA -

Journal of Fractional Calculus & Applied Analysis; 2004

• J. A. Tenreiro Machado, R. S. Barbosa, N. M. Fonseca Ferreira; Commande

d'Ordre Fractionnaire Position/Force d'un Manipulateur Mécanique; e-STA -

Sciences et Technologies de l'Automatique;2004

• N. M. Fonseca Ferreira, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, J. B. Ribeiro da Cunha;

Fractional-Order Position/Force Robot Control; Journal of Advanced

Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics; Fuji Technology Press;

9(4); pp. 379-386; 2005

• A. Madureira, J. Santos; Proposal of Multi-Agent based Model for Dynamic

Scheduling in Manufacturing; WSEAS Transactions on Information Science

and Applications; 2(5); pp. 600-605; 2005

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• P. Ávila, G. Putnik, A. Madureira; Analysis of the Resources System Selection

Algorithms for Agile/Virtual Enterprises Integration Through Genetic

Algorithms; WSEAS Transactions on Information Science and Applications;

2(5); pp. 592-599; 2005

• C. Reis, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, J. Boaventura Cunha; Logic Circuits Synthesis;

WSEAS Transactions on Information Science and Applications; 2(5); pp. 618-

623; 2005

• C. Reis, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, J. Boaventura Cunha; An Evolutionary

Hybrid Approach in the Design of Combinational Digital Circuits; WSEAS

Transactions on Systems; 4(12); pp. 2338-2345; 2005

• J. Tavares; Constraint Programming and Genetic Algorithms to solve Layout

Design Problem; WSEAS Transactions on Information Science and

Applications; 2(5); pp. 546-551; 2005

• M. Lima, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, M. Crisóstomo; Experimental Set-Up for

Vibration and Impact Analysis in Robotics; WSEAS Transactions on Systems;

4(5); pp. 569-576; 2005

• Y. Chevaleyre, P. E. Dunne, U. Endriss, J. Lang, M. Lemaître, N. Maudet, J.

Padget, S. Phelps, J.A. Rodriguez-Aguilar, P. Sousa; Issues in Multiagent

Resource Allocation; Informatica; 30(1); pp. 3-31; Slovenian Society

Informatika; 2006

• M. F. Silva, J. A. Tenreiro Machado; Fractional Order PDa Joint Control of

Legged Robots; to be published in a special issue of Modeling and Control of

Artificial Locomotion Systems; Journal of Vibration and Control; 2006

• R. Barbosa, J. A. Tenreiro Machado; Implementation of Discrete-Time

Fractional-Order Controllers based on LS Approximations; Acta Polytechnica

Hungaríca - Journal of Applied Sciences at Budapest Tech Hungary,

Budapest Tech Polytechnical Institution; 3(4); pp. 5-22; 2006

• P. Sousa; Using Asynchronous Messaging for Agent-Based Development;

WSEAS Transactions on Computers; 5(6); pp. 1285-1292; 2006

• C. Reis, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, J. Boaventura Cunha; Evolutionary

Techniques in Circuit Design and Optimization; WSEAS Transactions on

Power Systems;1(7); pp.1337-1342; 2006

• M. Lima, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, M. Crisóstomo, A. Ferrolho; On the Sensor

Classification Scheme of Robotic Manipulators; International Journal of

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Factory Automation, Robotics and Soft Computing; International Society for

Advanced Research; 3; pp. 26-31; 2007

• A. Madureira, C. Ramos, S. C. Silva; Tabu Search Approach for Real World

Scheduling in Manufacturing Systems; Computer Integrated Manufacturing

- Advanced Design and Management ; Wydawnictwa Naukowo -

Techniczne ; 2003

• M. F. Silva, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, A. M. Lopes; Gait Analysis of Natural and

Artificial Walking Systems; Intelligent Systems at the Service of Mankind; 1;

pp.87-98; Ubooks; 2004

• E. J. Solteiro Pires, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, P. B. de Moura Oliveira; A Real-

Time Optimization for 2R Manipulators; Intelligent Systems at the Service of

Mankind; 1; pp. 109-119; Ubooks; 2004

• R. S. Barbosa, J. A. Tenreiro Machado; Analysis of Systems with Backlash and

Impacts through the Describing Function; Intelligent Systems at the Service

of Mankind; 1; pp. 411-421; Ubooks; 2004

• J. A. Tenreiro Machado, R. S. Barbosa, F. B. Duarte, N. M. Ferreira;

Application of Fractional Calculus in Mechatronics; Intelligent Systems at the

Service of Mankind; 1; pp. 41-52; Ubooks; 2004

• M. F. Silva, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, A. M. Lopes; Integer vs. Fractional Order

Control of a Hexapod Robot; Climbing and Walking Robots. M. A. Armada

and Pablo Gonzaléz de Santos (Eds.); Springer; ISBN 3-540-22992-2; pp. 73–

83; 2005

• C. Reis, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, J. Boaventura Cunha; New Concepts

Towards the Synthesis of Digital Circuits Through Genetic Algorithms;

Intelligent Systems at the Service of Mankind – Volume II; Wilfried

Elmenreich, J. Tenreiro Machado and Imre J. Rudas (Eds.); Ubooks; ISBN 3-

935798-25-3; pp. 377-388; 2005

• J. A. Tenreiro Machado, I. S. Jesus, J. Boaventura Cunha, J. K. Tar; Fractional

Dynamics and Control of Distributed Parameter Systems; Intelligent Systems

at the Service of Mankind; 2 Wilfried Elmenreich, J. Tenreiro Machado and

Imre J. Rudas (Eds.); Ubooks; ISBN 3-935798-25-3; pp. 295-305; 2005

• M. F. Silva, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, A. M. Lopes; Gait Selection for

Quadruped Legged Robots; Intelligent Systems at the Service of Mankind; 2;

Wilfried Elmenreich, J. Tenreiro Machado and Imre J. Rudas (Eds); Ubooks.

ISBN 3-935798-25-3; pp. 93–104; 2005

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• N. M. Fonseca Ferreira, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, J. Boaventura Cunha;

Analysis of Two Arms Working in Cooperation; Intelligent Systems at the

Service of Mankind; 2; Wilfried Elmenreich, J. Tenreiro Machado and Imre J.

Rudas (Eds.); Ubooks. ISBN 3-935798-25-3; pp. 117-128; 2005

• R. S. Barbosa, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, I. M. Ferreira; Design of Digital

Fractional-Order Integrators and Differentiators by Least Squares;

Fractional Differentiation and Its Applications, Part 3 – System Analysis,

Implementation and Simulation, Systems Identification and Control. A. Le

Mehauté, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, J. C. Trigeassou, J. Sabatier (Eds.); Ubooks.

ISBN 3-86608-026-3; pp. 625 636; 2005

• M. Silva, J. A. Tenreiro Machado; Energy Efficiency of Quadruped Gaits;

Cimbing and Walking Robots; M. Osman Tokhi, Gurvinder S. Virk and M. A.

Hossain (Eds.); pp. 735–742; Springer. ISBN 3-540-26413-2; 2006

• P. Sousa; PoEAA Workbench; Knowledge and Decision Technologies; Z. Vale,

C. Ramos and L. Faria (eds.); pp. 161-170; ISBN 972-8688-39-3; 2006

• A. Madureira, J. Santos; Developing a Multi-Agent System For Distributed

Manufacturing Scheduling; Knowledge and Decision Technologies; Z. Vale, C.

Ramos and L. Faria (eds.); pp. 257-264; ISBN 972-8688-39-3; 2006

• J. Tavares; A Flexible Constraint Programming Solver as A .Net Component;

Knowledge and Decision Technologies; Z. Vale, C. Ramos and L. Faria (eds.);

ISBN 972-8688-39-3; 2006

• C. Reis, J. Tenreiro Machado, L. Figueiredo, J. Boaventura Cunha; A Hybrid

Algorithm for Logic Circuit Synthesis; Knowledge and Decision Technologies;

Z. Vale, C. Ramos and L. Faria (eds.); pp 297-303; ISBN: 972-8688-39-3;

2006

• J. Tavares; Implementing a Finite Domain Constraint Solver Library

with .Net 2.0.; IVNET 2006: Proceedings, Alessandro Garcia, Thais Batista,

Ricardo Choren, C. Lucena (Eds.), Sociedade Brasileira de Computação, São

Paulo, ISBN 978-85-99580-02-8; 2006

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• P. Sousa, C. Ramos, J. Neves; Scheduling in Holonic Manufacturing Systems;

Process Planning and Scheduling in Distributed Manufacturing; Wang, L.

and Shen, W. (eds.), Springer-Verlag, London. ISBN: 1-84628-751-0; 2007

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PhD and MSc Thesis of

Computational Intelligence (CI) group

PhD Thesis

• Ana Madureira Pereira; Aplicação de Meta-Heurísticas ao Problema de

Escalonamento em Ambiente Real de Produção Discreta (Metaheuristics

application in Discrete Production Scheduling in real-world environments);

PhD Thesis in Production Systems; University of Minho; 2003.

• Fernando Duarte; Análise de Robots Redundantes (Redundant Robot

Analysis); PhD Thesis in Electrical & Computer Engineering; Faculty of

Engineering – University of Porto (FEUP); 2003

• Ramiro Barbosa; Análise Dinâmica e Controlo de Sistemas de Ordem

Fraccionária (Dynamic Analysis and Control of Fractional Order Systems);

PhD Thesis in Electrical & Computer Engineering; Faculty of Engineering –

University of Porto (FEUP); 2005

• Manuel Silva; Sistemas Robóticos de Locomoção Multipernas (Multi-Leg

Locomotion Robotic Systems); PhD Thesis in Electrical & Computer

Engineering, FEUP; 2005

• N.M. Fonseca Ferreira, Sistemas Dinâmicos e Controlo de Robôs Cooperantes

(Dynamic Systems and Cooperative Robot Control, PhD Thesis in Electrical

Engineering; Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 2006.

• Ricardo Puga; Sistemas de Locomoção Bípede (Biped Locomotion Systems);

PhD Thesis in Electrical Engineering; UTAD; 2007

• Isabel Jesus, Sistemas Dinâmicos de Ordem Fraccionária (Fractional Order

Dynamic Systems), PhD Thesis in Electrical Engineering; UTAD, 2007.

• Cecília Reis, Síntese de Sistemas Digitais por Computacao Evolutiva (Digital

Systems Synthesis with Evolutionary Computing), PhD Thesis in Electrical

Engineering; UTAD, 2007.

• Rui Soares; Coordinated transportation of a large object by robotic teams;

PhD Thesis in Electronics; University of Minho; 2007.

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MSc Thesis

• Pedro Oliveira; Análise de Sistemas Dinâmicos Não-Lineares Através do

Método da Função Descritiva (Analysis of Nonlinear Dynamic Systems with

Descritive Function Method, MSc Thesis in Electrical & Computer Engineering;

IST-ISEP, 2007.

• Alexandre Paulo Maia Pinheiro; Planeamento Dinâmico e Controlo de

Trajectórias de Robots (Dynamic Robot Trajectory Planning and Control),

MSc Thesis in Electrical & Computer Engineering, FEUP, 2007.

Research Group on Intelligent Energy Systems

(IES)

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Introduction to Intelligent Energy Systems (IES) group Intelligent Energy Systems (IES) have as a goal to use all kind of energy

resources in an intelligent way. This includes a wide set of activity sectors

(generation, transmission, distribution and utilization) and involved

players. Issues addressed in this context include concepts as renewable

sources, energy efficiency and management but also intelligent

operation in all energy related activities, adequately supported by

decision-support systems, based on the required technologies. In fact, IES

are currently related with intelligent behaviour and adequate

management methods but, most of the times, the required technologies

to support this behaviour are not adequately addressed.

This group aims at addressing this topic, having as a basis the need to

use Artificial Intelligence (AI) concepts and methodologies to achieve

the goal of IES. The main objective of the IES group is to develop and

concentrate critical scientific and technological mass around the IES

concept, contributing to obtaining further developments in the

intelligent use of energy, by means of the use of adequate

methodologies, namely those based on AI. Although this group considers

energy activities as a whole, it is mainly focussed on electrical

engineering and power systems.

The main areas where this group works are:

- Power system operation

- Competitive Electricity market modelling and operation, including

both technical and economic issues

- Renewable sources based electricity generation and Distributed

Generation.

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IES group has obtained significant scientific recognition during the last

years. This recognition is justified by several factors, such as: the quality

of the main publications, the support of proposed research projects,

decided by international experts, the invitation to participate in

international associations’ activities, the revision of papers for top-

quality journals.

R&D Projects under the scope of IES group include 6 projects (DAMICE,

ISEPMain, IDDA, APRICOT, Agents&Markets, FENDIN) during [2003-

2006] and 2 new projects starting in 2007 (RiMaCEM and ViP-DiGEM).

IES is participating in several international working groups, namely the

following under the scope of IEEE Power Engineering Society: Intelligent

Systems Subcommittee, Working group on Intelligent Data Mining, and

Task Force on Multi-Agent Systems.

The group has also been involved in the organization of several special

sessions and panels under the scope on international conferences.

IES group has been developing several activities in close cooperation

with some companies (e.g. load analysis and forecasting with EDP –

Electricity of Portugal, intelligent support for Power Systems operation

and intelligent training with REN – Portuguese Transmission Network,

PowerConsult, Hungary and CHESF, Brazil, and several activities

related with energy efficiency and Energy Service Providing with

HARKER, SUMNER, S.A.).

This group has been cooperating with other research groups working in

related areas (e.g. INPG – Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble,

France, led by Prof. Nouredine Hadjsaid, Santa Catarina Federal

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University, Brazil, led by Prof. Jacqueline Rolim, Fakultaet fur

Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik Otto-von-Guericke -

Universitat Magdeburg, led by Prof. Zbigniew Styczynski, Department

of Electronic and Electrical Engineering-Institute for Energy and

Environment of the Strathclyde University, led by Prof. Jim McDonald

and Imperial College, led by Prof. Goran Strbac).

IES group has been actively involved in the organization of the

exhibition “Artificial Intelligence – 50 Years” held at ISEP. This group

contributed with several exhibited prototypes, namely concerning

electricity price forecasting, consumer clustering and classification, the

Expert System SPARSE-II and the Operators’ Training system SPARSE-

IT/ResTrain, both used by REN.

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Researchers of Intelligent Energy Systems (IES) group

Group Coordinator: Zita Vale

email: zav@isep.ipp.pt

PhD Researchers

António Carvalho de Andrade

António Pinto de Sousa e Silva

Hussein Mustapha Khodr

Isabel Cecília Correia da Silva Praca Gomes Pereira

Isabel Maria Marques Alves Ferreira

José Ricardo Teixeira Puga

Maria Judite Madureira da Silva Ferreira

Nuno Filipe Teixeira Malheiro

Zita Maria Almeida do Vale

Carlos Fernando da Silva Ramos (AI&DS group)

José Carlos Lourenço Quadrado (collaborator)

Luiz Felipe Rocha de Faria (K&LT)

Nuno Filipe da Fonseca Bastos Gomes (AI&DS group)

Non-PhD Researchers

António Augusto Araújo Gomes

Diego Roberto Morais

Filipe Miguel Tavares de Azevedo

Hugo Gabriel Valente Morais

José Marílio Oliveira Cardoso

Luís Filipe Caeiro Castanheira

Marco Aurélio Rios da Silva

Sérgio Filipe Carvalho Ramos

Teresa Alexandra Ferreira Mourão Pinto Nogueira

Vera Paiva da Silva

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Specific Projects of the

Intelligent Energy Systems (IES) group

FutUEN - Future Urban Energy Networks - The way forward [2005-2006] - ICCTI

PRODI - Management of Future Distribution Networks with Distributed Generation

[2005-2006] - ICCTI

GOMEC - PRAXIS/P/EEI/12238/1998 - Optimized Management in the Competitive

Electricity Market [1999-2003] - FCT

IDDA – POCTI/34451 - Intelligent Distributed System for Power Distribution

Automation [2000-2003] - FCT

ISEPMain - POCTI/41950 - Intelligent Scheduling of Power Distribution Networks

Maintenance Activities [2002-2005] – FCT

DAMICE – POCTI/39744 - Power Systems Consumer Profiles and Contracting

Strategies supported by Data Mining [2002-2005] – FCT

APRICOT – POCTI/47191 - Incident Analysis and Power Restoration with Intelligent

Cooperative Operators Training [2004-2007] - FCT

Agents&Markets - POSI/56260 - Agent based Market Simulation [2005-2008] -

FCT

FENDIN – POCTI/59807- Future Energy Distribution Networks [2005-2008] - FCT ViP-DiGEM - PTDC/ 72889 - VIrtual power Producers and DIstributed Generation trading in Energy Markets [2007-2010]– FCT

RiMaCEM – PTDC/69102 - Risk Management in Competitive Electricity Markets [2007-2010] – FCT

E-BECE - POSI/663/2.2/C/NOR - Web-based Business and Educational Center for Energy – Portuguese Government

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Budgets of Projects of Intelligent Energy Systems (IES) group

FutUEN – budget for specific missions

PRODI – budget for specific missions

GOMEC - € 15.690,00

IDDA - € 41.000,00

DAMICE - € 32.000,00

ISEPMain - € 20.000,00

APRICOT - € 20.000,00

Agents&Markets - € 74.000,00

FENDIN - € 40.000,00

ViP-DiGEM - € 120.000,00

RiMaCEM - € 80.000,00

E-BECE - € 78.213,00

iDESK (FCT Reequipment) - € 8.500,00

IPP Reequipment - € 67.000,00

iDESK-RUN (FCT Basic Fund) - € 89.487,50

ISEP Basic Fund - € 5.000,00

Post-PhD hiring fund – € 220.000,00

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FUTUEN - Future Urban Energy Networks

Project Leader: Zita Vale

email: zav@isep.ipp.pt

This project envisaged to investigate emerging electrical energy

production and transportation technologies (such as Distributed

Generation), and also the new forms of managing the networks (active

network management, new protection devices, storage, etc), and study

scenarios (some of which have are being developed under national

projects already running) for future networks in the 2020 to 2050

period.

The proposed work will focus around the joint needs (and wider EU and

world) for understanding in the UK and Portugal of future power

networks. The rapid pace of change in power networks expected in the

coming decades requires detailed analysis now, to enable the

development of power system planning, operation and management

methods fit for these future power systems. This work finds it context in

anticipated power network investments, the development of

renewable and alternative energy technologies and of course the all

pervasive implications of climate change.

This project involved the University of Strathclyde and GECAD.

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PRODI - Management of Future Distribution Networks with Distributed Generation

Project Leader: Zita Vale

email: zav@isep.ipp.pt

In the aims of the opening of the electricity market, following 96/92/CEE

document, considering the regulation of the electric sector, it was

expected the appearing of many small-scale electricity generators

connected to the electricity distribution network. This scenario will

dramatically change the power flows in the networks, as well as the

way they need to be managed and explored. Renewable energy

sources will see a great development. The objective of this Project is the

study of this scenario, where distributed generation will have a

significant impact in the distribution networks.

This project involves GECAD and the National Polytechnic Institute at

Grenoble, France.

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GOMEC - PRAXIS/P/EEI/12238 - Optimized Management in the Competitive Electricity Market

Project Leader: Zita Vale

email: zav@isep.ipp.pt

The final goal of GOMEC was to produce a set of tools able to assist

electricity companies in their operation in the new competitive market.

This project resulted also in a decision-support and information tool for

several kinds of final electricity consumers, providing them with advices

about the contracts that they can establish with electricity companies.

In this project are involved the following entities: GECAD, INTERG,

ISEC/IPC, and UTAD.

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IDDA – POCTI/34451 - Intelligent Distributed System for Power Distribution Automation

Project Leader: Zita Vale

email: zav@isep.ipp.pt

In this project we claimed that the software interaction through agent-

based software engineering is suitable for the next generation of

Distribution Automation systems, leading to a philosophy of building

systems of smaller manageable components that can interact,

communicate and cooperate. In such Multi-Agent Systems knowledge,

resources, control and authority were distributed amongst community

members working together, in a co-ordinated and coherent manner, in

order to solve problems.

The Portuguese Distribution Company EN/EDP cooperated with

GECAD in this project.

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ISEPMain - POCTI/41950 - Intelligent Scheduling of Power Distribution Networks Maintenance Activities

Project Leader: Carlos Ramos

email: csr@dei.isep.ipp.pt

ISEPmain (Intelligent Scheduling of Power Distribution Networks

Maintenance Activities) is a project in which it was developeded a

hybrid method suitable to solve scheduling problems characterized by

large and complex search spaces. Constraint Logic Programming and

stochastic methods like Tabu Search and Genetic Algorithms were

combined. The domain problem was the Maintenance Activities of the

Portuguese Electrical Power Network.

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DAMICE – POCTI/39744 - Power Systems Consumer Profiles and Contracting Strategies supported by Data Mining

Project Leader: Fátima Rodrigues

email: fr@dei.isep.ipp.pt

DAMICE (Power Systems Consumer Profiles and Contracting Strategies

supported by Data Mining) envisaged the application of Data Mining

and Knowledge Discovery techniques to the existing information about

electric energy consumers to obtain the characterization of different

consumer profiles. The obtained knowledge is important for the

suggestion of the most adequate contracts to be established. EDP

cooperated with GECAD in this project

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APRICOT – POCTI/47191 - Incident Analysis and Power Restoration with Intelligent Cooperative Operators Training

Project Leader: Zita Vale

email: zav@isep.ipp.pt

The APRICOT project (Incident Analysis and Power Restoration with Intelligent

Cooperative Operators Training) deals with Intelligent Tutors aimed at training

electrical networks Control Centre operators in the tasks related with their dealing

with serious incidents in the network. The power system restoration problem is

basically a planning problem. Taken individually none of the tasks to be performed

during the restoration of a power system is fundamentally difficult. However, many

constraints must be checked repeatedly as these tasks are performed, and that

must be done under very stressing conditions. The current training programs are

based on the use of electrical network simulators. Albeit being very useful to

understand how an electrical network behaves, those tools don't provide user

modelling, don't evaluate student's performance and are quite inflexible in curricula

planning and training session’s preparation. On the other hand, Intelligent Tutors

are flexible tools and when provided with an adequate User Model, they can adapt

the training to the specific needs and characteristics of the trainee. One sub-goal of

this project is the development of a user modelling component capable of enabling

the Tutor to provide flexible guidance, adaptive curricula and didactic methods

selection. It also allows maintaining the trainee's work evaluation.

REN cooperated with GECAD in this project.

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Agents&Markets - POSI/56260 - Agent based Market Simulation

Project Leader: Carlos Ramos

email: csr@dei.isep.ipp.pt

Agents&Markets (Agent-based Market Simulation) envisages the use of

Multi-Agent Systems technologies in Markets Simulation. This will be an

innovative proposal combining the following aspects: Agent-based

Simulation; Consumer Behaviour Model; Electronic Market Analysis;

Negotiation Mechanisms; Strategic Behaviours; Machine Learning and

Data Mining; and other participants’ behaviour analysis with Game

Theory. The basic idea of this project is to simulate markets using

Intelligent Agents technology in order to be exhibited a time-

dependant strategic behaviour, making decisions considering the other

participants behaviour (Consumer Behaviour Model, Game-Theoretic

based Scenario Analysis) and providing the automation of the learning

using the past interactions. The developed system will not be just a

Market Simulator. It is envisaged a tool to support decision-making for

one or more market participants. Two different test cases are

considered: Electricity Markets and Electronic Commerce.

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FENDIN – POCTI/59807- Future Energy Distribution Networks

Project Leader: Zita Vale

email: zav@isep.ipp.pt

The FEnDiN project is focused on the need to understand future distribution

networks (DN). The rapid change in power networks expected in the coming

decades requires detailed analysis now, to enable the development of power system

planning, operation and management methods adequate to these future power

systems, and grant for sustainable development. The aim to provide power systems

that can fulfil their goals and guarantee the required conditions for sustainable

development requires to significantly increasing the penetration of Distributed

Generation (DG) to such levels that are not compatible with the methods used for

planning, operating and managing today DN.

The central aim of this project was to create new means to plan, operate and

manage the future electrical power supply and DN, in a competitive market

environment, searching for technical solutions to allow suitable migration between

today electrical networks to the future ones.

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ViP-DiGEM - PTDC/ 72889 - VIrtual power Producers and DIstributed Generation trading in Energy Markets

Project Leader: Zita Vale

email: zav@isep.ipp.pt

This project aims to provide an organizational and technical framework to enable

the trading of electrical energy produced in a distributed way, based mainly on

renewable sources (RS), in a competitive electricity market (EM).

The goal is to consider technical and financial issues providing the basis for efficiently

including RS-based electrical energy in EM, increasing its financial value and

consequently its weight in daily traded and consumed energy, with gains for all

(producers, consumers, Society in general, due to better RS usage and positive

ambient impact). High security and reliability standards for Power Systems (PS) are

considered.

The intermediate goals of the project are: the modelling and simulation of EM and

Virtual Power Producers (VPP) and their relations using Multi-Agent System

technology, combined with other technologies like Machine Learning and Game

Theory; and the modelling, simulation and study of aggregations of market agents,

resulting in concrete tools to bring the concept of VPP to practice.

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RiMaCEM – PTDC/69102 - Risk Management in Competitive Electricity Markets

Project Leader: Zita Vale

email: zav@isep.ipp.pt

This project is coordinated by Zita Vale. The main goal of the Project is to overcome

some difficulties that liberalized Electricity Markets (EM) have been experiencing.

This project aims at proposing and implementing new price forecasting methods

adequate to support decision making in EM. Existing EMs have not adequately

succeeded in reflecting in commercial transactions the requirements of technical

operation of Power Systems (PS). One of this project’s goals is to propose and

implement new methodologies for: 1 – Re-dispatch under congestion situations -

The main goal is to guarantee the respect of technical restrictions with minimal

changes in the transactions resulting from market negotiation; and 2 – Transmission

tariffs - The main goal is to adequately reflect the technical requirements of PS

operation in transmission tariffs giving sellers and buyer adequate signs for their

participation in EM.

This project involves GECAD and ISEL.

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E-BECE - POSI/663/2.2/C/NOR - Web-based Business and Educational Center for Energy

Project Coordinator at GECAD: Zita Vale

email: zav@isep.ipp.pt

E-BECE – Web-based Business and Educational Center for Energy – was a project

that developed an intelligent system where users can find energy related

information and knowledge, services and products. The interface between the user

and the system was based in the most advanced techniques of Intelligent and

Adaptive Interfacing, in a free, original and understandable environment.

The project started in 2004 and finished in 2006. The partners are GECAD,

ENERGAIA (Energy Agency of Gaia region), INOVA (business modelling and

control), NOVABASE and QUATRO (Information Systems and Integration).

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Main Publications in Journals of the

Intelligent Energy Systems (IES) group

• Praça, C. Ramos, Z. A. Vale, M. Cordeiro; MASCEM: A Multi-Agent System

that Simulates Competitive Electricity Markets; IEEE Intelligent Systems

magazine; IEEE; 18(6); pp. 54-60; 2003; IF=3.725

• C. Ramos; How Portugal celebrated AI’s 50th Anniversary; IEEE Intelligent

Systems Magazine; 21(4); pp. 86-88; 2006; IF=2,413

• V. Figueiredo, F. Rodrigues, Z. Vale, J. B. Gouveia; An Electric Energy

Consumer Characterization Framework Based on Data Mining Techniques;

IEEE Transaction on Power Systems; 20(2); pp 596-602; 2005; IF=0.951

• F. Azevedo, Z. Vale, P. Moura Oliveira; A Decision-Support System Based on

Particle Swarm Optimization for Multiperiod Hedging in Electricity Markets;

IEEE Transactions on Power Systems; 22(3); 2007; IF=0,922 in 2006

• N. Malheiro, Z. Vale, C. Ramos, M. Cordeiro, A. Gomes, A. Marques, Vieira

Couto; Decision Support For Power System Control Centers – A Model Based

Reasoning Component; International Journal of Engineering Intelligent

Systems, Special Issue on Knowledge Engineering; CRL Publishing; 13(4); pp.

205-212; 2005; IF=0.093

• L. Faria, Z. Vale, C. Ramos, A. Marques; Diagnosis tasks intelligent training

based on a model tracing approach; International Journal of Engineering

Intelligent Systems; Special Issue on Knowledge Engineering; CRL Publishing;

13(4), pp. 223-230; 2005 IF=0.093.

• Praça, C. Ramos, Z. Vale, M. Cordeiro; Intelligent Agents for Negotiation and

Game-based Decision Support in Electricity Markets; International Journal of

Engineering Intelligent Systems; Special Issue on Intelligent Systems

Application to Power Systems; CRL Publishing; 13(2); pp. 147-154; 2005;

IF=0.093

• Nuno Gomes, Raul Pinheiro, Zita Vale, Carlos Ramos; Scheduling

Maintenance N. Gomes, R. Pinheiro, Z. Vale, C. Ramos; Scheduling

Maintenance Activities for Electric Power Transmission Networks using

Hybrid Constraint Methods; Selected for publication in an upcoming special

issue of the International Journal of Engineering Intelligent Systems in 2007;

IF=0.094 in 2006

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• S. Ramos, V. Figueiredo, F. Rodrigues, R. Pinheiro, Z. Vale; Knowledge

Extraction from Medium Voltage Load Diagrams to support the definition of

Electrical Tariffs; Selected for publication in an upcoming special issue of the

International Journal of Engineering Intelligent Systems in 2007; IF=0.094 in

2006

• T. Nogueira, R. Mendes, Z. Vale, J. Cardoso; Heuristic Model for Iberian

Natural Gas Source Location; WSEAS Transactions on Power Systems; pp.

1343 – 1349; 2006

• I. Praça, C. Ramos, Z. A. Vale, M. Cordeiro; Intelligent Agents for the

Simulation of the Competitive Electricity Markets; International Journal of

Modelling & Simulation; 24(2); pp. 73-79; Acta Press; 2004

• F. Azevedo, Z. Vale; Optimal Short-Term Contract Allocation Using Particle

Swarm Optimization; WSEAS Transactions on Information Science and

Applications; 2(5); pp. 552-558; 2005

• J. Ferreira, Z. Vale, J. Cardoso; Congestion Management and Bilateral

Contracts Effects in the Transmission Rights; WSEAS Transactions on Power

Systems; 1(7); pp. 1329-1336; 2006

• S. Ramos, Z. Vale, J. Santana, F. Rodrigues; An Approach to the Consumer-

Supplier Relationship supported by Data Mining Techniques for MV

contumers; WSEAS Transactions on Power Systems; 1(7); pp. 1350-1357; 2006

• H. Morais, M. Cardoso, L. Castanheira, Z. Vale, I. Praça; Reserve

Management for Virtual Power Producers; WSEAS Transactions on Power

Systems; 1; pp- 1358-1365; 2006

• N. Malheiro, Z. Vale, C. Ramos, M. Cordeiro, A. Gomes, A. Marques, Vieira

Couto; Decision Support System with Incomplete and Domain Incoherent

Information Management; Control and Intelligent Systems; Acta Press; 35(3);

pp. 202-210; 2007

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Some other Publications of the

Intelligent Energy Systems (IES) group

• Z. Vale; Knowledge-Based Systems Techniques and Applications in Power

Systems Control Centers; Intelligent Systems Technologies and Applications;

Ed. Cornelius T. Leondes; CRC Press; 6; pp. 61-110; 2003

• I. Praça, M. J. Viamonte, C. Ramos, Z. Vale; A Multi-Agent Market Simulator

to Support Negotiation Decision Making; Exploiting the Knowledge

Economy: Issues, Applications, Case Studies; Paul Cunningham and Miriam

Cunningham editors; pp. 149-156; IOS Press; ISBN 1-58603-682-3; 2006

• N. Gomes, Z. Vale, C. Ramos; Hybrid Constraint algorithm for the

maintenance scheduling of electric power units; International Conference on

Intelligent Systems Application to Power Systems (ISAP 2003); Lemnos,

Greece; 2003

• L. Faria, Z. Vale, C. Ramos, A. Marques; Intelligent training of incident

diagnostic task: Adapting curriculum to operator needs; International

Conference on Intelligent Systems Application to Power Systems (ISAP 2003);

Lemnos, Greece, 2003

• I. Praça, C. Ramos, Z. Vale, M. Cordeiro; A New Agent-based Framework for

the Simulation of Electricity Markets; IEEE/WIC International Conference on

Intelligent Agent Technology; Halifax, Canada; 2003

• A. Silva, Z. Vale, C. Ramos; Cooperative Training for Power Systems

Restoration Techniques; International Conference on Intelligent Systems

Application to Power Systems (ISAP’05); Arlington, VA, EUA; pp. 36-42;

2005

• N. Malheiro, Z. Vale, C. Ramos, A. Marques, V. Couto; On-line Fault

Diagnosis with Incomplete Information in a Power Transmission Network;

International Conference on Intelligent Systems Application to Power

Systems (ISAP’05); Arlington, VA, EUA; pp. 169-174; 2005

• H. Morais, I. Praça, L. Castanheira, M. Cardoso, Z. Vale; A Decision-Support

Simulation Tool for Virtual Power Producers; Future Power Systems

Conference 2005 (FPS 2005); Amesterdam, Holland; 2005

• G. Ault, J. McDonald, J. B. Gouveia, L. Castanheira, M. Cardoso, Z. Vale;

Coordination of Transmission and Distribution Planning and Operations to

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Maximize Efficiency in Future Power Systems; Future Power Systems

Conference 2005 (FPS 2005); Amesterdam, Holland; 2005

• F. Azevedo, Z. Vale; Forecasting Electricity Prices with Historical Statistical

Information using Neural Networks and Clustering Techniques; IEEE 2006

Power Systems Conference & Exposition (PSCE’06); Atlanta, USA; 2006

• I. Praça, C. Ramos, Z. Vale, M. Cordeiro; Multi-Agent Simulator for Electricity

Markets integrating Virtual Power Producers; Knowledge and Decision

Technologies; Z. Vale, C. Ramos and L. Faria (eds.); pp. 361-366; ISBN 972-

8688-39-3; 2006

• F. Azevedo, Z. Vale, P. Oliveira; A Clustering neural Network Model applied

to Electricity Price Range Forecast; Knowledge and Decision Technologies. Z.

Vale, C. Ramos and L. Faria (eds.); ISBN: 972-8688-39-3; 2006

• J. Puga, F. Silva, J. Boaventura Cunha; Online Motion Control Algorithms

Towards Biped Walking; Knowledge and Decision Technologies; Z. Vale, C.

Ramos and L. Faria (eds.); ISBN: 972-8688-39-3; 2006

• T. Nogueira, Z. Vale; M. Cordeiro; Advanced Techniques for Facility Location

Problems in Natural Gas Networks; Knowledge and Decision Technologies; Z.

Vale, C. Ramos and L. Faria (eds.); pp. 347-351; ISBN: 972-8688-39-3; 2006

• H. Morais, M. Cardoso, L. Castanheira, Z. Vale, I. Praça; Reserve

Management for Virtual Power Producers; Knowledge and Decision

Technologies; Z. Vale, C. Ramos and L. Faria (eds.); pp. 347-351; ISBN: 972-

8688-39-3; 2006

• J. Ferreira, Z. Vale, J. Cardoso, M.J. Gonçalves; Locational Marginal Price

Simulator; Knowledge and Decision Technologies; Z. Vale, C. Ramos and L.

Faria (eds.); ISBN: 972-8688-39-3; 2006

• S. Ramos, Z. Vale, F. Rodrigues, J. Ferreira, R. Pinheiro; Development of New

Tariff Structures based on Patterns extracted from MV Load Diagrams;

Knowledge and Decision Technologies; Z. Vale, C. Ramos and L. Faria (eds.);

pp. 347-351; ISBN: 972-8688-39-3; 2006

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PhD and MSc Thesis of

Intelligent Energy Systems (IES) group

PhD Thesis

• I. Praça; Simulação Multi-Agente para Apoio à Negociação em Mercados

de Electricidade (Agent based Simulation for Negotiation Support in

Electricity Markets); PhD Thesis in Informatics; Universidade de Trás-os-

Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD); 2005

• N. Gomes; Escalonamento Inteligente de Tarefas de Manutenção nos

Sistemas Eléctricos de Energia (Intelligent Schedulling of Maintenance Tasks

in Power Systems); PhD Thesis in Electrical Engineering, UTAD; 2005

• N. Malheiro; Processamento Inteligente de Informação em Situações Críticas

– Uma Abordagem Considerando Informação Incompleta (Intelligent

Information Processing in Critical Situations – an approach considering

Incomplete Information); PhD Thesis in Informatics; UTAD; 2005

• S. Leitão; Gestão de Redes Eléctricas em Média Tensão – Metodologias de

Apoio à Decisão (MV Electrical Network Management – Decision-Support

Methodologies); PhD in Electrical Engineering; UTAD; 2005

• A. Andrade; Análise da Estabilidade de Tensão em Sistemas Eléctricos de

Energia (Voltage Stability Analysis in Power Systems); PhD Thesis in

Electrical & Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering – University of

Porto; 2006

• A. Silva; PhD Thesis in Electrical Engineering; Os Tutores Inteligentes no

Treino das Técnicas de Reposição nos Sistemas Eléctricos de Energia;

Intelligent Tutoring Systems for Power System Restoration Training; PhD in

Informatics; UTAD; 2007

• T. Nogueira; Localização de Unidades de Fornecimento de Gás Natural na

Rede Primária de Gasodutos ( Natural Gas Supply Units Placement in the

Primary Gas Network); PhD Thesis in Electrical Engineering; UTAD; 2007

• J. Ferreira; Tarifação da Transmissão e Gestão do Congestionamento em

Sistemas Eléctricos Liberalizados (Transmission Tariffs and Congestion

Management in Liberalized Power Systems); PhD Thesis in Electrical

Engineering; UTAD; 2007

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• F. Azevedo; Gestão do risco em mercados competitivos de electricidade:

Previsão de preços e optimização do portfolio de contratos (Risk

Management in Competitive Electricity Markets: Price Forecasting and

Contract Portfolio Optimization); PhD Thesis in Electrical Engineering; UTAD;

2007

MSc Thesis

• V. Figueiredo; Caracterização de Perfis de Consumidores de Energia

Eléctrica Usando Técnicas de Data Mining; Electrical Energy Consumir Profile

Characterization Using Data Mining Techniques; MSc Thesis; FEUP; 2003

• S. Ramos; Utilização de Técnicas de Data Mining para apoio aos Agentes dos

Mercados Retalhistas de Energia Eléctrica (Data Mining Techniques for

supporting Agents in Electricity Retail Markets); MSc Thesis, Instituto Superior

Técnico; 2006

• L. Silva; Apoio à decisão para operação de redes eléctricas (Decision Support

for Electrical Network Operation); MSc Thesis, Instituto Superior Técnico;

2006

Research Group on Knowledge & Learning Technologies

(K&LT)

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Introduction to Knowledge & Learning Technologies (K&LT) group Knowledge-based Systems (KBS) correspond to an area where there is

an explicit separation between Knowledge and Inference. Expert

Systems, Data Mining, Intelligent Tutors are examples of KBS.

Knowledge play an important role in KBS. Nowadays, Ontologies are

receiving attention, namely due to the importance of concepts and

their relation for the Intelligent Agents, Semantic Web, and

Knowlewdge Management.

Machine Learning techniques envisage obtaining automatically, or

semi-automatically, knowledge from data. Neural Networks, Decision

Trees, Case-based Reasoning are just some of the used techniques. Data

Mining joins AI based Machine Learning with Statistics based techniques

(e.g. K-means) to allow a powerful set of tools to be used in the

Knowledge Discovery effort in Information Systems.

The main objective of the Knowledge & Learning Technologies group is

to concentrate critical mass around these technologies in order to allow

a Knowledge Society and Economy built in a correct way. We claim

that “Knowledge” must not be seen just as one more keyword, and that

without agents with Knowledge and Machine Learning technologies the

Knowledge Society and Economy will be too limited.

The main areas where this group works are:

- Expert Systems

- Intelligent Tutoring Systems

- Ontologies

- Machine Learning, Data Mining, including Neural Networks

- Intelligent Agents

- Semantic Web

- Knowledge Management

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Knowledge & Learning Technologies group has obtained a meaningful

scientific recognition during the last years.

This recognition is clear from the quality of the main publications, in

scientific journals with high impact factors (e.g. the maximum is 2.202,

and other 5 publications are close to 1).

During the last years this group had 6 projects (SANSKI, DAMICE,

ONTOMAPPER, EDGAR, Agents&Markets, EMUSSL, and TINSEL) and 3

new project will start in 2007 (IFRA, COPSRO, and COALESCE).

The group covers a great variety of areas. The area of Data Mining is

obtaining results at different levels, namely in terms of publications, but

also in projects (DAMICE, EMUSSL and more recently COPSRO and

IFRA). The area of Ontologies has obtained results in the projects

(SANSKI, ONTOMAPPER, and EDGAR, and more recently in IFRA and

also in COPSRO) and in good international connections. The area of

Intelligent Tutoring Systems has the TINSEL project and also cooperates

with the Intelligent Energy Systems group in another project (APRICOT).

The area of Intelligent Agents has also importance due to the

Agents&Markets project and also due to the publications. Notice that

Agent-based systems are a technology covered by all groups of GECAD.

Cooperation with international groups is established in several works,

namely in Ontologies. Two researchers of this group, Nuno Silva and

Jorge Santos, were during some months in Germany in FZI

(Forschungzentrum Informatik) and AIFB (Angewandte Informatik

und Formale Beschreibungsverfahren) where they contacted with some

of the most prominent researchers of Ontologies (Steffen Staab,

Alexander Maedche, Rudi Studer, and Rudi Studer). As a result of the

stay there, two world reference platforms (MAFRA and FONTE) were

developed by our researchers. These platforms are now used in 4

European R&D projects, namely, in Harmonise (IST-2000-29329),

Harmo-Ten (eTEN C510828), Satine (IST-1-002104-STP), and Artemis

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(IST-1-002103-STP). Publications with international authors have also

been done in Ontologies, Intelligent Agents and Data Mining areas.

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Researchers of Knowledge & Learning Technologies (K&LT) group

Group Coordinator: Fátima Rodrigues

email: fr@dei.isep.ipp.pt

PhD Researchers

Armando Silva Vieira

Fernando Augusto Cruz e Silva Mouta

João Manuel Simões da Rocha

José António dos Reis Tavares

Luiz Felipe Rocha de Faria

Maria de Fátima Coutinho Rodrigues

Maria João Monteiro Ferreira Viamonte

Nuno Alexandre Pinto da Silva

Carlos Fernando da Silva Ramos (AI&DS group)

Nuno Filipe Teixeira Malheiro (IES group)

Paulo Alexandre Gandra de Sousa (CI group)

Non-PhD Researchers

António Constantino Lopes Martins

António Jorge dos Santos Pereira

Fernando Jorge Ferreira Duarte

Gustavo Soares Santos

Hélio Artur Mendes Martins

João Manuel Maia Duarte

Ludimila Luiza de Lima Gabriel

Luís André Andrade da Silva Oliveira

Nuno Bettencourt

Paulo Alexandre Fagueiro Oliveira Maio

Paulo Jorge Machado Oliveira

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Specific Projects of the

Knowledge & Learning Technologies (K&LT) group

SANSKI - POCTI/41830- Semi-automatic Negotiation Services for Knowledge

Interoperability [2002-2005] – FCTI

DAMICE – POCTI/39744 - Power Systems Consumer Profiles and Contracting

Strategies supported by Data Mining [2002-2005] – FCT

ONTOMAPPER - POSI/41818- Ontology Automatic Mapping [2002-2005] – FCT

EDGAR - POSC/61307 - Exploiting Ontology Engineering Process Information for

Semi-Automatic Knowledge Interoperability [2005-2008] – FCT

Agents&Markets - POSI/56260 - Agent based Market Simulation [2005-2008] -

FCT

TINSEL - POSI/61843 – Intelligent Tutors for Electrical Installation Design [2005-2008] – FCT

EMUSSL - POSC/61924 - Ensemble Methods for Unsupervised and Semi-Supervised

Learning [2005-2008] – FCT

IFRA - PTDC/70168 - Improving Financial Risk Analysis with advanced Data-Mining

tools [2007-2010] – FCT

COPSRO - PTDC/EIA/69988/2006 - Computational Approach to Ontology Profiling

of Scientific Research Organisations [2007-2010] – FCT

COALESCE - PTDC/EIA/74417/2006 - Collaboration-based Information and

Recommendation Retrieval Systems [2007-2010] – FCT

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Budgets of Projects of Knowledge & Learning Technologies (K&LT) group

SANSKI - € 45.000,00

DAMICE - € 32.000,00

ONTOMAPPER - € 10.000,00

EDGAR - € 75.000,00

Agents&Markets - € 74.000,00

TINSEL - € 62.500,00

EMUSSL - € 31.896,00

IFRA - € 62.000,00

COPSRO - € 146.837,00

COALESCE - € 117.984,00

iDESK (FCT Reequipment) - € 70.000,00

IPP Reequipment - € 46500,00

iDESK-RUN (FCT Basic Fund) - € 89.487,50

ISEP Basic Fund - € 5.000,00

Post-PhD hiring fund – € 220.000,00

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SANSKI - POCTI/41830- Semi-automatic Negotiation Services for Knowledge Interoperability

Project Leader: João Rocha

email: jsr@ isep.ipp.pt

SANSKI (Semi-automatic Negotiation Service for Knowledge

Interoperability) is a project supported by FCT that started in

January/2002 with the duration of 3 years. This project proposed

approaches, methodologies and solutions, respecting the negotiation

and translation of communication parameters, namely concerning

knowledge sharing models, in order to achieve interoperability between

heterogeneous entities. Several prototypes were developed in order to

validate the suggested approaches.

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0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

Cluster 1 Cluster 2 Cluster 3 Cluster 4 Cluster 5

Cluster 6 Cluster 7 Cluster 8 Cluster 9

DAMICE – POCTI/39744 - Power Systems Consumer Profiles and Contracting Strategies supported by Data Mining

Project Leader: Fátima Rodrigues

email: fr@dei.isep.ipp.pt

DAMICE (Power Systems Consumer Profiles and Contracting Strategies

supported by Data Mining) envisaged the application of Data Mining

and Knowledge Discovery techniques to the existing information about

electric energy consumers to obtain the characterization of different

consumer profiles. The obtained knowledge is important for the

suggestion of the most adequate contracts to be established.

EDP cooperated with GECAD in this project.

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ONTOMAPPER - POSI/41818- Ontology Automatic Mapping

Project Leader: João Rocha

email: jsr@ isep.ipp.pt

ONTOMAPPER (Ontology Automatic Mapping) is a project supported

by FCT that started in March/2002 with the duration of 3 years. The

correct and coherent knowledge definition, its representation,

communication, share and respective methods, give rise to several

problems. Also, when adopting and sharing ontologies, the elements to

reason about knowledge exist, but other complementary processes are

needed in order to entities agreed on the models and its meanings. In

this project it was suggested to employ standard technology, like the

FIPA and KQML agent communication languages (ACL), emergent

standards for representing and structure information like XML/S, RDF/S

and DAML+OIL. Concerning ontologies, recent tools like OILEd and

OntoEdit ontology editors, Protégé as a methodology and Ontobroker

and FaCT based reasoning engines were used.

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EDGAR - POSC/61307 - Exploiting Ontology Engineering Process Information for Semi-Automatic Knowledge Interoperability

Project Leader: João Rocha

email: jsr@ isep.ipp.pt

MAFRA Toolkit is a service-oriented tool for mapping ontologies

developed by the research team of this Project. Semantic bridges have

a limited support in this tool.

Although all the advantages of this approach, several semantic

relations are suggested for the same entities’ group. These are clearly

ambiguity situations, since many services are activated due to a

reduced number of imposed constraints.

EDGAR project envisages providing the decreasing of the number of

ambiguous resulting from the similarity measures. Research in the áreas

of Ontology merging and pattern-based Ontology Engineering are

being used. A formal approach, using another platform developed by

this group, FONTE, is used.

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Agents&Markets - POSI/56260 - Agent based Market Simulation

Project Leader: Carlos Ramos

email: csr@dei.isep.ipp.pt

Agents&Markets (Agent-based Market Simulation) envisages the use of

Multi-Agent Systems technologies in Markets Simulation. This will be an

innovative proposal combining the following aspects: Agent-based

Simulation; Consumer Behaviour Model; Electronic Market Analysis;

Negotiation Mechanisms; Strategic Behaviours; Machine Learning and

Data Mining; and other participants’ behaviour analysis with Game

Theory. The basic idea of this project is to simulate markets using

Intelligent Agents technology in order to be exhibited a time-

dependant strategic behaviour, making decisions considering the other

participants behaviour (Consumer Behaviour Model, Game-Theoretic

based Scenario Analysis) and providing the automation of the learning

using the past interactions. The developed system will not be just a

Market Simulator. It is envisaged a tool to support decision-making for

one or more market participants. Two different test cases are

considered: Electricity Markets and Electronic Commerce.

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TINSEL - POSI/61843 – Intelligent Tutors for Electrical Installation Design

Project Leader: Luiz Faria

email: lff@isep.ipp.pt

Electrical Installations design combines academic and empirical

knowledge.

TINSEL project envisages the development of an Intelligent Tutoring

System to support Electrical Installations designers, technical staff and

Electrical Engineering students.

The Project involves the development of the user model in order to

support the pedagogical options of the tutoring system. A library with

real cases will be used in the mapping of the main features of the cases

with the domain concepts. Case-based reasoning will be used to select,

adapt and store real cases, allowing to customize courses and to

improve the adaptive capabilities to the trainee. Grouping and

Comparison techniques will be used in the definition of the students’

stereotypes.

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EMUSSL - POSC/61924 - Ensemble Methods for Unsupervised and Semi-Supervised Learning

Project Coordinator at GECAD: Fátima Rodrigues

email: fr@dei.isep.ipp.pt

Data clustering or unsupervised learning is an important but difficult

problem. The objective of clustering is to partition a set of unlabelled

objects into homogeneous groups or clusters. Quantitative evaluation of

the quality of clustering results is difficult due to the inherent

subjectivity of the notion of cluster. Semi-supervised learning algorithms

make use of both labelled and unlabelled samples and have been the

focus of much recent research by the machine learning and pattern

recognition communities. Semi-supervised learning has been typically

viewed from a supervised learning point of view, as a being a

classification problem with some missing labels. This perspective suggests

the use of supervised ensemble methods to semi-supervised problems.

This research direction will be exploited in the project. Additionally, one

of the main threads of this project will be to address semi-supervised

learning as an unsupervised learning problem with some additional

knowledge/constraints. This perspective will allow semi-supervised and

unsupervised problems to be addressed in an integrated fashion, which

we will do with a strong emphasis on ensemble methods.

This project involves IT (Telecommunications Institute) and GECAD.

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IFRA - PTDC/70168 - Improving Financial Risk Analysis with advanced Data-Mining tools

Project Coordinator at GECAD: Armando Vieira

email: asv@ isep.ipp.pt

Predicting when a company may declare bankruptcy is a problem of

great importance for creditors - banks, bondholders and suppliers - and

also for other stakeholders such as shareholders, employees, customers

and State.

In an increasingly globalized economy, bankruptcy results both in huge

economic losses and tremendous social impact. More important than

predicting the insolvency is to determine the probability to become so.

This is a complex problem, normally analysed by conventional statistical

techniques such as Linear Discriminant.

However recent techniques, as Genetic Algorithms, Neuronal Networks,

and Support Vector Machines had shown to be more robust and

efficient to analyze this type of problem as well as related others. The

objective of this project is to use these techniques of data classification in

the field of financial risk and decision support, namely bankruptcy

prediction.

This project involves IST, University of Coimbra, University of Minho, and

GECAD. The Bank of Portugal will cooperate in this project.

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COPSRO - PTDC/EIA/69988/2006 - Computational Approach to Ontology Profiling of Scientific Research Organisations

Project Coordinator at GECAD: Fátima Rodrigues

email: fr@dei.isep.ipp.pt

The main objective of this research work is to develop a methodology

for ontology profiling scientific research organisations, including:

-A reliable and valid research subject extraction method developing

text mining techniques.

-An effective method for establishing within-organisation similarities

between the ontology items.

-Adequate clustering methods for representing a research organisation

by a set of possibly overlapping or fuzzy subject clusters.

-Optimally mapping the subject clusters to the subject area ontology to

reveal organisation’s profile.

-Interpretation and evaluation of individual organisation profiles.

-Combination of individual profiles into an aggregate profile.

-Characterization of aggregate profiles by rule extraction.

-Experimental verification of the method.

The proposed methodology will be applied to scientific research

organisations of computer science, specifically, Computer Science

Departments of Universities in Portugal and UK, having as ontology of

reference the ACM Classification System. This project involves CENTRIA

and GECAD.

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COALESCE - PTDC/EIA/74417/2006 - Collaboration-based Information and Recommendation Retrieval Systems

Project Leader: Nuno Silva

email: Nuno.Silva@dei.isep.ipp.pt

In order to take advantage of the huge amount of data on the Web,

one has to collect, filter and assemble it, relating facts and documents,

as well as considering the use that each one (or community) makes of

them.

The project aims to research on methods and tools able to simplify and

automate the management of information, through retrieval,

integration and recommendation of information from multiple public

and private repositories in a semantic (described through ontologies or

folksonomies) and recommended fashion (according to semantic social

networks emerging in the context of the Social Web.

The envisaged system will be wrapped-up with a tool in the form of a

Semantic Desktop, as the interface between the user and public

repositories, either on the Web, PCs or mobile devices. As the Semantic

Desktop and complementing technologies improves their features, the

local vs. Web dichotomy tends to disappear, promoting the

transparency between the physical location and type of information.

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Main Publications in Journals of the

Knowledge & Learning Technologies (K&LT) group

• V. Matias, G. Öhl, J.C. Soares, N. P. Barradas, A. Vieira, P.P. Freitas, S.

Cardoso; Determination of the composition of light thin films with artificial

neural networks analysis of Rutherford backscattering experiments; Physical

Review E 67, article 046705; 2003; IF=2.202.

• H. Pinho, A. Vieira, N. Nené, N. Barradas; Artificial neural network analysis

of multiple IBA spectra; Nuclear Instruments and Methods B; 2005; IF=1.181.

• N. P. Barradas, R. N. Patrício, H. F. R. Pinho, A. Vieira; A general artificial

neural network for analysis of RBS data of any element with Z between 18

and 83 implanted into any lighter one- or two-element target; Nuclear

Instruments and Methods B; 219; pp. 105-109; 2003; IF=1.041.

• V. Figueiredo, F. Rodrigues, Z. Vale, J. B. Gouveia; An Electric Energy

Consumer Characterization Framework Based on Data Mining Techniques;

IEEE Transaction on Power Systems; 20(2); pp 596-602; 2005; IF=0.951

• N. Nene, N. P. Barradas, A. Vieira; Artificial neural network analysis of RBS

and ERDA spectra of multilayered multielemental samples; Nuclear

Instruments and Methods B; 246(2); pp. 471-478; 2006; IF=0.946

• M. J. Viamonte, C. Ramos, F. Rodrigues, J. Cardoso; ISEM: A Multi-Agent

Simulator For Testing Agent Market Strategies; IEEE -Transactions on

Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Part C – Special Issue on Game-Theoric

Analysis and Stochastic Simulation of Negotiation Agents; 36(1); pp. 107-113;

2006; IF=0.885.

• P. Sousa; C. Ramos, J. Neves; The Fabricare Scheduling Prototype Suite:

Agent interaction and knowledge base; Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing;

14(5); pp. 441-455; Kluwer Academic Publishers; 2004; IF=0.595.

• A. Vieira, N. Barradas; A training algorithm for classification of high

dimensional data; Neurocomputing; 50C; pp. 461-472; 2003; IF=0.592.

• P. Sousa, C. Ramos, J. Neves;The Fabricare System; Production Planning &

Control; 15(2); pp. 156-165; Taylor & Francis; 2004; IF=0.326.

• Y. Chevaleyre, P. E. Dunne, U. Endriss, J. Lang, M. Lemaître, N. Maudet, J.

Padget, S. Phelps, J.A. Rodriguez-Aguilar, P. Sousa; Issues in Multiagent

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Resource Allocation; Informatica; 30(1); pp. 3-31; Slovenian Society

Informatika; 2006; IF=0.221

• L. Faria, Z. Vale, C. Ramos, A. Marques; Diagnosis tasks intelligent training

based on a model tracing approach; International Journal of Engineering

Intelligent Systems; Special Issue on Knowledge Engineering; CRL Publishing;

13(4), pp. 223-230; 2005 IF=0.093

• N. Malheiro, Z. Vale, C. Ramos, M. Cordeiro, A. Gomes, A. Marques, Vieira

Couto; Decision Support For Power System Control Centers – A Model Based

Reasoning Component; International Journal of Engineering Intelligent

Systems, Special Issue on Knowledge Engineering; CRL Publishing; 13(4); pp.

205-212; 2005; IF=0.093

• N. Silva, J. Rocha; Service oriented semi-automatic ontology mapping;

International Journal of Engineering Intelligent Systems; Special Issue on

Knowledge Engineering; CRL Publishing; 13(4); pp. 253-258; 2005; IF=0.093.

• N. Silva, J. Rocha; Multi-dimension Service-Oriented Ontology Mapping;

International Journal of Web Engineering and Technology (IJWET); 2004

• N. Silva, J. Rocha; Multidimensional service-oriented ontology mapping;

International Journal of Web Engineering and Technology; Inderscience

Publishers; 2(1); pp. 50-80; 2005

• J. Duarte, A. Fred, F. Rodrigues, J. Duarte, S. Ramos, Z. Vale; Weighted

Evidence Accumulation Clustering using Subsampling to support the

definition of Electrical Tariffs; WSEAS Transactions on Power Systems; 12(1);

pp. 2001-2009; 2006

• M. J. Viamonte, C. Ramos, F. Rodrigues, J. Cardoso; ISEM: A Multi-Agent

System That Simulates Competitive Electronic MarKetPlaces; Selected for

publication in an upcoming special issue of the International Journal of

Engineering Intelligent Systems in 2007

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Some other Publications of the

Knowledge & Learning Technologies (K&LT) group

• J. Santos, S. Staab; Engineering a Complex Ontology with Time; Workshop of

Ontologies and Distributed Systems; 18th International Joint Conference on

Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI) ; Acapulco, México; 2003

• P. Oliveira, F. Rodrigues, P. Henriques; An Ontology-Based Approach For

Data Cleaning; 11th International Conference on Information Quality, MIT,

pp. 307-320, Boston, USA; 2006

• O. Gilson, N. Silva, P. Grant, M. Chen, J. Rocha; Online Information

Visualization: Automatic Mapping of Data Entities to Representation

Artefacts; Fifth International Semantic Web Conference; Athens (GA), USA;

2006

• M. J. Viamonte, C. Ramos, F. Rodrigues, J. Cardoso; A Market Simulator for

Analysing Agent Market Strategies; Building the Knowledge Economy: Issues,

Applications, Case Studies; IOS Press; pp. 284-291; 2003

• M. J. Viamonte, C. Ramos, J. Cardoso, F. Rodrigues; Learning User Preference

Models and Business Strategies for E-Commerce; Building the Knowledge

Economy; IOS Press; 2004

• M. J. Viamonte, C. Ramos, F. Rodrigues, J. Cardoso; ISEM: A Multi-Agent

System for Testing the Behaviour of Electronic Market Participants;

Innovation and the Knowledge Economy - Issues, Applications and Case

Studies; Paul Cunningham, Miriam Cunningham (editors); IOS Press. ISBN

1574-1230; pp. 857-864; 2005

• N. Malheiro, Z. Vale, C. Ramos, V. Couto; Decision Support with Incomplete

Information In Critical Situations – An Application For Power System Control

Centers; Knowledge and Decision Technologies; Z. Vale, C. Ramos and L.

Faria (eds.); ISBN 972-8688-39-3; 2006

• J. Duarte, A. Fred, F. Rodrigues, J. Duarte; Clustering Evidence Accumulation

Clustering using the Weight of the Cluster Ensemble; Knowledge and

Decision Technologies; Z. Vale, C. Ramos and L. Faria (eds.); pp. 83-90; ISBN

972-8688-39-3; 2006

• F. Rodrigues, C. Ramos, P. Henriques; A unifying Data Preparation

Framework For Knowledge Discovery in Databases; Knowledge and

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Decision Technologies; Z. Vale, C. Ramos and L. Faria (eds.); pp. 59-65; ISBN

972-8688-39-3; 2006

• P. Oliveira, F. Rodrigues, P. Henriques; Data Cleaning By Reusing Domain

Knowledge; Knowledge and Decision Technologies; Z. Vale, C. Ramos and L.

Faria (eds.); pp. 67-74; ISBN 972-8688-39-3; 2006

• M. J. Viamonte, C. Ramos, F. Rodrigues, J. C. Cardoso; A Multi-Agent System

To Support Decision Making In Competitive Electronic Marketplaces;

Knowledge and Decision Technologies; Z. Vale, C. Ramos and L. Faria (eds.);

pp. 189-195; ISBN 972-8688-39-3; 2006

• N. Bettencourt, P. Maio, A. Pongó, N. Silva, J. Rocha; Systematization and

Clarification of Semantic Web Annotation Terminology; Knowledge and

Decision Technologies; Z. Vale, C. Ramos and L. Faria (eds.), pp. 67-74; ISBN

972-8688-39-3; 2006

• P. Maio, N. Bettencourt, N. Silva, J. Rocha; Ontology Mapping Negotiation

Based on Categorization of Semantic Bridges; Knowledge and Decision

Technologies; Z. Vale, C. Ramos and L. Faria (eds.);ISBN 972-8688-39-3;

2006

• L. Faria, A. Gomes, A. Silva, Z. Vale, C. Ramos, G Santos, F. Ferreira;

Intelligent Tutor for Electrical Installation Design; Knowledge and Decision

Technologies; Z. Vale, C. Ramos and L. Faria (eds.); ISBN 972-8688-39-3;

2006

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PhD and MSc Thesis of

Knowledge & Learning Technologies (K&LT) group

PhD Thesis

• Nuno Silva; Multi-Dimensional Service-Oriented Ontology Mapping; PhD

Thesis in Informatics; Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD);

2004

• Maria João Viamonte; Mercados Electrónicos Baseados em Agentes – uma

abordagem orientada ao conhecimento considerando estratégias dinâmicas

(Agent-based Electronic Markets – a knowledge oriented approach

considering dynamic strategies); PhD Thesis in Informatics; UTAD; 2004

• Nuno Malheiro; Processamento Inteligente de Informação em Situações

Críticas – Uma Abordagem Considerando Informação Incompleta

(Intelligent Information Processing in Critical Situations – an approach

considering Incomplete Information); PhD Thesis in Informatics; UTAD; 2005

• Ramiro Gonçalves; Modelo Explicativo das Iniciativas de Comércio

Electrónico (Initiative Explaining Model in Electronic Commerce), PhD Thesis

in Informatics; UTAD; 2005

• Jorge Santos; Integração de Conhecimento Temporal em Sistemas

Inteligentes (Temporal Knowledge Integration in Intelligent Systems); PhD

Thesis in Informatics; UTAD; 2007

• Jorge Duarte; Clustering algorithms, validation indices and ensemble

methods; PhD Thesis in Informatics; UTAD; 2007

• Paulo Oliveira; Data problems detection operations and cleaning based on

dependency graphs; PhD Thesis in Informatics; University of Minho; 2007

MSc Thesis

• Vera Figueiredo; Caracterização de Perfis de Consumidores de Energia

Eléctrica Usando Técnicas de Data Mining (Electrical Energy Consumir

Profile Characterization Using Data Mining Techniques), MSc Thesis, FEUP,

2003

• António Soares, Sistemas Automáticos de Percurso e Recolha de Informação

na WEB (Automatic Systems for Information Retrieval in the WEB), MSc

Thesis in Informatics, UTAD, 2004

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• Jorge Borges, Modelo de Data Warehouse para Análise de Serviços de

Internet (Data Warehouse Model for Internet Service Analysis), MSc Thesis in

Informatics, UTAD, 2004

• S. Ramos; Utilização de Técnicas de Data Mining para apoio aos Agentes dos

Mercados Retalhistas de Energia Eléctrica (Data Mining Techniques for

supporting Agents in Electricity Retail Markets); MSc Thesis, Instituto Superior

Técnico; 2006