ge2155 lab manual

8/11/2019 GE2155 Lab Manual

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GE2155 COMPUTER PRACTICE

LABORATORY-II

LAB MANUAL

,

ASSISTANT PROFESSOR,

DEPARTMENT OF CSE,

R.M.K.C.E.T, PUDUVOYAL-601 206.

1


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Ex.NO:1 STUDY OF UNI OS

INTRODUCTION

An operating system is software that acts as an interface between the user and the

computer hardware. It is considered as the brain of the computer. It controls and co-ordinates

the internal activities of the computer and provides user interface.

The computer system is built with the following general components

i) Hardware

ii) Application Software

iii) Operating System

(i) !"#$%"#&: This includes the physical components such as !"# $eyboard# Hard

dis% and !rinter.

(ii) A''()*"+) S+%"#&: These are the programs that are used to accomplish specific

tas%s.

(iii)O'"+)/ S+&:It is the component or the set of programs to manage and control

the hardware as well as co-ordinate the applications. &ach system must have at

least have the hardware and the OS.

Manage Application

Manage Hardware

Spread Sheet

'ord !rocessor

&-mail

( om*onitor(is%

!"$eyboard!rinter

+ame

Applicatio

Operating

Hardware


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F3*+) " O'"+)/ S+&

C"$ )+'#&+"+): The !" can,t understand the commands %eyed in by a

user. It is the function of the OS to ma%e it understand.

P)'4"( I+"*&:The OS also has to ta%e care of the devices attached to the

system. The OS oversees communication between these devices and the !".

M ""/&&+:The OS handles the etremely important ob of allocating

memory for various processes running on the system.

P#*& ""/&&+:This is re/uired if several programs must run concurrently.

!" time would then have to be ationed out by the OS to ensure that no programs

gets more than its fair share of the processor time.

S)*& " OS:

0. !rocess *anagement

1. 2ile *anagement

3. I4O *anagement

5. Scheduling

6. Security *anagement

UNI OPERARTING SYSTEM:

In the mid-0789s# AT :T ;ell I? was rewritten in @, language in 073.Today# ">I? is a giant Os and is much

powerful than most of its counter parts.


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">I? operating System is li%e a layer between the hardware and the applications that

run on the computer .It has functions that run on the computer. It has functions that manage

the eecuting applications.

">I? system is an OS# which includes the traditional system components. ">I? system

includes a set of libraries and a set of applications.

$&>&< is the heart of ">I? OS that manages the hardware and the eecuting

process. The ">I? system views each device as a file called a device file. It implements

security controls to protect the safety and privacy of information. The "ni System allocatesresources including use of the !" and mediates accesses to the hardware.

Application portability is the ability of a single application to be eecuted on various

types of computer hardware without being modified. This is one of the important advantages

of ">I?.

FEATURES OF UNI:

1. M3(+)+")/

Other Applications

Standard Application

Standard Libraries

File System Processcontrol

Hardware

fopen

()for% B )

U!"


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*ultitas%ing is the capability of the Os to perform various tas%s simultaneously. i.e. A

single user can run multiple programs concurrently.

2. M3(+)3 C"'"7)()+

*ultiuser capability allows several users to use the same computer to perform their

tas%s. Several terminals are connected to a single powerful computer and each user can

wor% with their terminals.

8. S&*3#)+

"ni allows sharing of data. &very user must have a


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K&(

It is the core of the OS. It controls all the tas%s and carries out all the functions of an

OS such as memory and file management etc.# and it %eep trac% of the programs that are

eecuting. It also handles the information echange between the terminals such as tape drives

and printers etc.#

F3*+) K&(

1. Allocating and deallocating memory to each and every process.

2. eceiving instructions from the shell and carrying them out.

8. *anaging files that held on various storage devices.

9. Scheduling# oordinating and assigning various input4output devices

simulataneously.

5. &nforcing security measures.

6. !roviding >etwor% services.

. !roviding "tility services.

;. oordinating each and every process with signal handling.


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contained in a file called shell script. Hence# Shell acts as an interface between the user and

the %ernel.

">I? has a variety of shells# they areC

(i) B3#& S4&((: It is developed by Steve ;ourne and it is the most popular shell

and widely used. This shell comes bundled with almost every "ni system.

(ii) K# 4&((: It is developed by (avid +.$orn. This is superset of ;ourne shellan

it has more capabilities.

(iii) C S4&((: It is developed by ;il Doy. It is similar to !rogramming language.

F&"+3#& S4&((

0. All communications between user and $ernel ta%es place through the shell.

1. It allows the tas%s to run on bac%ground.

3. It also enables us to construct scripts li%e a programming language.

5. A group of files can be eecuted using a single command.

S+"#+)/ " UNI &) = L//)/ I

A user of "ni based system wor%s as a user terminal. After the boot procedure is

completed# that is the operating system is loaded in memory# the following message appears

at each user terminalC

L//)/

&ach user has a identification called the user name are the login name which has to be

entered when the loginC message appears. The user is then as%ed to enter the password. "ni

%eeps trac% of all the "ni user names and the information about identity in a special file. If

the login name entered does not match with any of the user names it displays the login

message again. This ensures that# only authoriEed people use the system. 'hen a valid user

name is entered at the terminal the dollar symbol is displayed on the screen this is the "ni

prompt.

E$)/ " UNI &) =L//)/ O3+


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Once a user has logged into the system the users wor%s session continues until the

user instructs the shell to terminate the session. This is done by pressing the ctrl and @d %eys,

together or typing eit at the dollar prompt. Then the systems display the loginC

!rompt on the screen#

Ex.NO:2 BASIC UNI COMMANDS

A)

To Study about basic "ni ommands.

FILE MANIPULATION COMMANDS

C"$ :at

P3#'& : It is used to display the contents of the file as well as used to create a new

file.

S+"x :*"+ >)(& "& ?

Ex"'(& : F cat devi

C"$ :*ore

P3#'& :It is used to display the contents of the file on the screen at a time.

S+"x :#& >)(& "& ?

Ex"'(& : F more devi

C"$ :'c


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P3#'& :It is used to count the number of lines #words and characters in a file or

group of files.

S+"x :%* @'+) >)(& "& ?

Ex"'(& : F wc Gl devi

C"$ :2ile

P3#'& :It is used to determine the type of the file.

S+"x :)(& >)(& "& ?

Ex"'(& : F file devi

C"$ :Spell

P3#'& :It is used to find the spelling errors in the file.

S+"x :'&(( @'+) >)(& "& ?

Ex"'(& : F spell -b devi

C"$ :Split

P3#'& :It is used to split the given file into smaller pieces of given siEe.

S+"x C '()+ =)& >)(& "& ? > '()++&$ )(& "& ?

Ex"'(& : F split G1 devi de

C"$ :p

P3#'& :It is used to copy one or more files.

S+"x :*"+ >3#*& )(& "& ? >$&+)"+) )(& "&?

Ex"'(& : F cp devi latha

C"$ :*v

P3#'& :It is used to move a file within a directory with different names and also


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used to move a file to different directory with its original name.

S+"x : >3#*& )(& "& ? >$&+)"+) )(& "&?

Ex"'(& : F mv devi eya

C"$ :m

P3#'& :It is used to remove a file from the dis%.

S+"x :# >)(& "& ?

Ex"'(& : F rm devi

GENERAL PURPOSE COMMANDS

C"$ : ;anner

P3#'& :It is used to display its argument in large letters.

S+"x :7" > +#)/ ?

Ex"'(& :F banner ;OO*

C"$ : 'ho

P3#'& :It is used to get the information about all the users currently wor%ing in

the system.

S+"x :%4

Ex"'(& : F who

C"$ : 'ho am i

P3#'& :It is used to %now in which terminal the user is currently logged on.

S+"x :%4 " )

Ex"'(& : F who am I


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C"$ : (ate

P3#'& :It is used to display the system date and time.

S+"x :$"+&

Ex"'(& : F date

C"$ : al

P3#'& :It prints the calender for the specified year and month.

S+"x : *"( >+4? >&"#?

Ex"'(& : F cal 96 1993

C"$ : Id

P3#'& :It is used to display the login name.

S+"x :)$

Ex"'(& : F id

C"$ : lear

P3#'& :It is used to clear the screen.

S+"x :*(&"#

Ex"'(& : F clear

C"$ : Tput

P3#'& :It is used to manipulate the screen.

S+"x : +'3+ > "++#)73+& ?

Ex"'(& : F tput rmso

C"$ : "name


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P3#'& :It is used to display the details about the OS in which we are wor%ing.

S+"x :3"& @'+)

Ex"'(& : F uname Gn

C"$ : Tty

P3#'& :It is used to %now the terminal name on which we wor%.

S+"x : ++

Ex"'(& :F tty

C"$ : !wd

P3#'& :It is used to display the absolute pathname of current wor%ing directory.

S+"x :'%$

Ex"'(& :F pwd

C"$ : ;c

P3#'& :It is used to perform simple mathematical calculations.

S+"x :7* >'"+)?

Ex"'(& :F bc 36 Jd

C"$ :"#/3&+?

Ex"'(& :F ls Gp

C"$ :&cho

P3#'& :It echoes the argument on the standard output device.

S+"x :&*4 @'+) >+#)/?

Ex"'(& :F echo @;OO*,


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C"$ C *an

P3#'& C It gives details about the uni commands.

S+"x : " > *"$ "& ?

Ex"'(& :F man echo

COMMAND GROUPING FILTER COMMANDS

C"$ :Head

P3#'& :It is used to display the top portion of the file.

S+"x :4&"$ @'+) >)(& "&?

Ex"'(& : F head -6 devi

C"$ :Tail

P3#'& :It is used to display the bottom portion of the file.

S+"x :+")( @'+) >)(& "& ?

Ex"'(& : F tail G6 devi

C"$ :!r

P3#'& :It is used to display the contents of the file by separating them into pages

and each page begins with the header information.

S+"x :'# @'+) >)(& "& ?

Ex"'(& : F pr devi

C"$ :ut

P3#'& :It is used to etract selected fields or columns from each line of one or

more files and display them on the standard output device.

S+"x :*3+ @'+) >)(& "& ?

Ex"'(& : F cut Gc6 devi


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C"$ :!aste

P3#'& :It concatenates the line from each input file column by column with tab

characters in between them.

S+"x :'"+& @'+) >)(& "& ?

Ex"'(& : F paste f0 f1

C"$ :Doin

P3#'& :It is used to etracts common lines from two sorted files and there should

be the common field in both file.

S+"x :) @'+) >)(& "&1 ? >)(& "& 2?

Ex"'(& : F oin Ga0 f0 f1

C"$ :"ni/

P3#'& :It compares adacent lines in the file and displays the output by

eliminating duplicate adacent lines in it.

S+"x :3) @'+) >)(& "& ?

Ex"'(& : F uni/ -c devi

C"$ :Sort

P3#'& :It sorts one or more files based on ASII se/uence and also to merge the

file.

S+"x :#+ @'+) >)(& "& ?

Ex"'(& : F sort -r devi

C"$ :>l

P3#'& :It is used to add the line numbers to the file.


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S+"x :( @'+) @)(&"&

Ex"'(& : F nl devi

C"$ :Tr

P3#'& :It is used to translate or delete a character or a string from the standard

input to produce the re/uired output.

S+"x :+# @'+) >+#)/1? >+#)/2?

Ex"'(& : F tr Gt @a, @b, K deviL

C"$ :Tee

P3#'& :It is used to read the contents from standard input or from output of

another command and reproduces the output to boyh in standard output

and direct into output to one or more files.

S+"x :+&& @'+) >)(& "& ?

Ex"'(& : F tee date dat.tt

C"$ :grep

P3#'& :It is used to search the specified pattern from one or more files.

S+"x :/#&' @'+) >'"++? >)(& "& ?

Ex"'(& : F grep ManandN devi

Ex.NO:8 DIRECTORY COMMANDSAND PROCESS MANAGEMENT


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COMMANDS

A)

To Study about directory handling and !rocess *anagement ommands

C"$ :m%dir

P3#'& :It is used to create new directory or more than one directory.

S+"x :$)# >$)#&*+# "& ?

Ex"'(& : F m%dir riya

C"$ :rmdir

P3#'& :It is used to remove the directory if it is empty.

S+"x :#$)# >$)#&*+# "& ?

Ex"'(& :F rmdir riya

C"$ :cd

P3#'& :It is used to change the control from one wor%ing directory to another

specified directory.

S+"x :*$ >$)#&*+# "& ?

Ex"'(& : F cd riya

C"$ :cd ..

P3#'& :It is used to /uit from current directory and move to the previous

directory.

S+"x :*$ ..

Ex"'(& : F cd ..

P#*& C"$

C"$ : echo FF

P3#'& :It is used to display the process number of the current shell.

S+"x :&*4

Ex"'(& :F echo FF


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C"$ :ps

P3#'& :It is used to display the attributes of a process.

S+"x :'

Ex"'(& :F ps

F ps Gf B (isplay the ancestry of a process )

F ps Gu B (isplay the activities of a user )

F ps Ga B *"$?

Ex"'(& :F nohup sort emp.tt B result is available on nohup.out )

C"$ : %ill

P3#'& :It is used to terminate the process.

S+"x :)(( >PID?

Ex"'(& :F %ill 096

C"$ : %ill F

P3#'& :F is the system variable which stores the process id of the last bac%ground

ob. The command %ill F is used to %ill the last process.

S+"x :)((

Ex"'(& :F %ill F

C"$ : at

P3#'& :It is used to eecute the process at the time specified.


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2. It wor%s in great speed.

8. vi is case sensitive.

4. vi has powerful undo features than most other word processors#but it has no

formatting features.

M$& ) E$)+#

Pi editor wor%s in three modes of operations specified belowC

C"$ M$&: In this mode# all the %eys pressed by the user are interpreted to be editor

commands. >o tet is displayed on the screen# even if corresponding %ey is pressed on

%eyboard.

I+ M$&: This mode permits to insert new tet# editing and replacement of eisting tet.

Once vi editor is in the insert mode# letters typed in the %eyboard are echoed on the screen.

T4& &x # &*"'& *( H : M$&: This mode allow us to give commands at the command

line.The bottom line of the vi editor is called the command line.vi uses the command line to

display messages and commands.

S+"#+)/ %)+4 V) &$)+#

S+"x:vi filename

M)/ +4& *3##

The cursor movement commands areC

C"$ A*+)

H or bac%space


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TRcharacter *oves right and places it one character before the specified

character

9 or J *oves to the beginning of the file

QF *oves to the end of the file

< *oves to the last line of the file

+ *oves to the specified line number

E$)+)/ +4& )(&

Open the file using F vi filename

To add tet at the end of the file# position the cursor at the last character of the file.

Switch from command mode to tet input mode by pressing @a,.

Here @a, stands for append.

Inserting tet in the middle of the file is possible by pressing @i,. The editor accepts

and inserts the typed character until &sc %ey is pressed.

C"$ P3#'&

I Inserts tet to the left of the cursor

I Inserts tet at the beginning of the line

A Append tet to the right of the cursor

A Appends tet at the end of the line

O Appends a new line below

O Appends a line above

D&(&+)/ T&x+

2or deleting a character# move the cursor to the character # press @,. The character

will disappear.

C"$ P3#'&

? (eletes one character

> (eletes n number of characters

Q (eletes on character at the cursor position


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Q? (eletes on the character before the cursor position

(F or d (eletes a line from the cursor position to the end of the line

(9 (eletes from the cursor position to the starting of the line

Qdd (eletes the current line where the cursor is positioned

Qdw (eletes the word from the cursor position to the end of the word

T4& 3$ &"+3#&

u-undo the recent changes

"- undo all changes in the current line

S")/ +&x+

Cw G save the file and remains in edit mode

Cw/ G save the file and /uits from edit mode

C/ G /uit without changes from edit mode

J3)++)/ )

!ress EE or @Cw/, in command mode.

S!ELL PROGRAMMING

The format for the various conditional statements and looping statements and the

relational operators used for those conditions are given below.

) *$)+)

if conditionthen

eecute commandsfi

) = &(& *$)+)

if conditionthen

eecute commandselse

eecute commandsfi


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) = &() *$)+) = 3(+) %" 7#"*4)/

if conditionthen

eecute commands

elif conditiontheneecute commands

elseeecute commands

fi

R&("+)"( O'"+#

Operator Meaning

-e/ &/ual to

-ne >ot e/ual to

-gt +reater than

-ge +reater than or e/ual to

-lt


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done

3+)( : %4)(& *'(&&+

until R condition

# (')/for variable in list

do

eecute commands

done

Ex.N. 5 SIMPLE S!ELL PROGRAMS

Ex.N. 5" G&++)/ "$ $)'(")/ +4& "*"$&)* "$ '"( $&+")(

A)

To get the input and display the academic# personal details.

A(/#)+4

0. +et name# age# and address from the user.1. !rint that message as similar.3. +et mar%0# mar%1# and mar%3 from the user.

5. !rint that message as similar.P#/#"

#display.shecho $n %&nter the name'read secho $n %&nter the age'read aecho $n %&nter the address'read adrecho $n %he name is s'echo $n %he age is a'

echo $n %he address is adr'echo $n %&nter the mar*1'read m1echo $n %&nter the mar*+'read m+echo $n %&nter the mar*,'read m,echo $n %he mar*1 is m1'echo $n %he mar*+ is m+'echo $n %he mar*, is m,'

Sample Input & Output

&nter the name -ohn&nter the age 1.


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&nter the address mad/raihe name is -ohnhe age is 1.he address is mad/rai&nter the mar*1 0&nter the mar*+ 0&nter the mar*, 2

he mar*1 is 0he mar*+ is 0he mar*, is 2

Ex N. 57 A#)+4&+)* O'"+)

A)

To perform all arithmetic operations

A(/#)+4

0. ead two numbers from the user.1. Add both the numbers.3. !rint the summation of two numbers.5. Subtract the second number from the first number6. !rint the result.8. *ultiply the two numbers. !rint the result.. (ivide the first number by second number.

P#/#"

echo enter the n/mbersread n1 n+n,34e5pr n1 6 n+4n734e5pr n1 8 n+4n934e5pr n1 :; n+4

n n1 and n+ is n,echo di>>erence o> n1 and n+ is n7echo m/ltiplication o> n1 and n+ is n9echo di?ision o> n1 by n+ is n 1 and 9 is 19di>>erence o> 1 and 9 is 9m/ltiplication o> 1 and 9 is 9di?ision o> 1 by 9 is +


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69 is an even number

Ex. N. 67 P)+)& # N&/"+)&

A)

To chec% whether the given number is ve or Gve or Eero.

A(/#)+4

0. +et a number from the user.1. hec% the number is greater than or less than Eero or e/ual to Eero.3. If it is greater than Eero then the given number is ve.5. If it is less than Eero then the given number is Gve. Otherwise the given number is

Eero.P#/#"

echo Gn Menter the numberN

read num

if R Fnum Ggt 9

then

echo MFnum is a positive numberN

elif R Fnum Glt 9

then

echo MFnum is a negative numberN

else

echo MFnum is EeroN

fi


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S"'(& I'3+ O3+'3+

F enter the numberC 00

00 is a positive number

F enter the numberC -6

69 is a negative number

F enter the numberC 9

9 is Eero

Ex. N: 6* B)//&+ "/ +4#&& 37

A)

To find a biggest number among three numbers.

A(/#)+4

0. +et three numbers from the user.+# If the 0stnumber is greater than other two numbers then the 0stnumber is a biggest

numbers.

,# Otherwise if the 1ndnumber is greater than 3rdnumber then the 1ndnumber is abiggest number.

7# Otherwise 3rdnumber is a biggest number.

P#/#"

echo -n X&nter the numbersXread num0 num1 num3if R Fnum0 -gt Fnum1 :: R Fnum0 -gt Fnum3 then echo XFnum0 is a biggest numberXelif R Fnum1 -gt Fnum3


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then echo XFnum1 is a biggest numberXelse echo XFnum3 is a biggest numberXfi

S"'(& I'3+ O3+'3+

F &nter the numbers 01 56 3556 is a biggest number

Ex N.6$ A#)+4&+)* O'"+) - %)+*4 *"&

A)

To perform all the arithmetic operations using case statements.

A(/#)+4

0. +et two numbers from the user.1. Select the options .3. &ecute arithmetic operations using case statements..

5.!rint the output

P#/#"

echo M&nter two numbersNread a becho MmenuNecho M0.addNecho M1.subNecho M3.mulNecho M 5. divNecho M&nter your optionN

read optioncase Foption in


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0)cUVepr Fa FbV==1)cUVepr Fa - FbV==cUVepr Fa YZ FbV==cUVepr Fa 4 FbV==esac

echo Fc

S"'(& )'3+ 3+'3+

&nter two numbers 5 6

menu0.add1.sub3.mul5.div

&nter your option07

Ex N.6& F)$)/ +4& "#&" *)#*(&, 3"#&, #&*+"/(& "$ +#)"/(&

A)

To find the area of circle# s/uare# rectangle and triangle using case statements.

A(/#)+4

0. +et two numbers from the user.1. Select the option.

3. &ecute the statement to find the area using case statements..5. !rint the output

P#/#"

echo 0.circleecho 1. rectangleecho 3.s/uareecho 5.triangleecho enter your choiceread opt

case Fopt in0) echo enter the radius


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read r areaUVepr Fr YZ Fr YZ 11 4 V echo Farea==

1) echo enter the length and breadth read l b

areaUVepr Fl YZ FbV echo Farea==

3) echo enter the side read s areaUVepr Fs YZ FsV echo Farea==

5)echo enter the height and breadth read b h areaUVepr Fb YZ Fh YZ 0 4 1V

echo Farea==Z) echo wrong choice==

esac

S"'(& )'3+ 3+'3+

0.circle1. rectangle3.s/uare5.triangleenter your choice

3enter the side 616

Ex. N. TESTING AND LOOPS

Ex. N." F)7"**) S)&

A)

To generate a fibonacci series of first n numbers

A(/#)+4

0. +et the value n from the user.

1. Initial numbers of fibonacci series is 9#0.

3. "sing the sum of last adacent two numbers generate a net number in the series.

5. epeat the step 3 until n numbers are generated.

P#/#"

echo -n Xenter the limitXread n


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echo Xthe fibonacci series is C XbU9cU0iU9if R Fn -ge 1

then echo -n X Fb FcX nUVepr Fn - 1V while R Fi -lt Fn do aUVepr Fb FcV bUFc cUFa echo -n X FcX iUVepr Fi 0V done

fi

S"'(& I'3+ O3+'3+

F &nter the limit 6 The fibonacci series is9 0 0 1 3

Ex. N.7 A#+#/ N37

A)

To hec% 'hether the given number is Armstrong or not.

A(/#)+4

0. +et the number from the user.1. &tract each and every digit of the given number.3. 2ind the cube of every digit and calculate the sum of all cubes.5. hec% whether the sum is e/ual to the given number# if it is e/ual# the given

number is Armstrong number otherwise not.

P#/#"

echo -n Xenter the numberX

read numUFnum


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IU1U9while R FI Glt Fn doecho Mnumber is FIN

IUVepr FI 1,UVepr FI F,doneecho M the sum is FcN

S"'(& I'3+ O3+'3+

&nter the number of upper limit 8 1

5the sum is 8

Ex. N: $ C7)"+) 1 2 8

A)

To generate all combinations of 0 1 3 using for loop

A(/#)+4

0. Assign values 0 1 3 to first for loop1.2orm another for loop within the first for loop and assign values 0 1 33. 'ithin the second for loop eecute another for loop with values 0 1 35. lose all for loops6. (isplay the outputs

P#/#"

for I in 0 1 3do

for in 0 1 3do


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for % in 0 1 3do

&cho FI F F%done

done

done

S"'(& 3+'3+

000 001 003 010 011 013 030 031 033 100 101 103 110 111 113 300 301 303 310 311 313330 331 333

Ex. N: & +4'% " /)& 37

A)

To compute the nthpower of a given number

A(/#)+4

0. +et the value for the power : number to be computed.1. InitialiEe the value for I as 1.3. Set the variable ans as a.5. epeat the steps 6#8 until the value of I ie less than or e/ual to the power value.6. *ultiply the value of ans and a.8. Increment the I value.. (isplay the value ans as result

P#/#"

echo enter the number and its powerread a pow


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iU1ansUFawhile R Fi -le Fpow doansUVepr Fans YZ FaV

iUVepr Fi 0Vdoneecho Fans

S"'(& 3+'3+

enter the number and its power1 508

Ex. N ;. COMMAND LINE SUBSTITUTION

Ex. N: ;" P"()$#& *4&*)/

A)

To chec% whether the given string is palindrome or not using ommand linesubstitution.

A(/#)+4

0. +et the filename and string in a command line.1. everse the original string.3. If the original string is e/ual to the reversed string then display a given string is

palindrome.5. Otherwise display a given string is not palindrome.

P#/#"

QincludeKstdio.hLQincludeKstring.hL


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strcpyBstr1#argvR1)=printfBXWsX#strcatBstr0#str1))=\

S"'(& I'3+ O3+'3+

F a.out concat.c *$ &T *$&T

C PROGRAMMING ON UNI

Ex..< BIGGEST AMONG N NUMBERS USING FUNCTIONS

AIM:

To write a program to find biggest among list of numbers.

ALGORIT!M:

0. +et the value of n as input.1. +et the list of numbers in an array of siEe n.3. Set the initial value as a biggest value.5. Set the value of I is 0.6. ompare it with other elements in an array.8. If the biggest element is less than array element then interchange both the values.. epeat steps 5 : 6 until I reaches n-0.

. (isplay the biggest value.


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Ex.N.10 SAPPING OF TO NUMBERS USING POINTERS

AIM:

To write a program to swap two numbers using pointers.

ALGORIT!M:

0. (eclare the two pointer variables.1. +et the value for both the variables.3. Swap the values.5. !rint the result.

PROGRAM:

QincludeKstdio.hLQincludeKconio.hL


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void swapBint Z#int Z)=void swap0Bint#int)=void mainB)[int a#b#c#d=

clrscrB)=printfBX&nter the values of a and bCU X)=scanfBXWd WdX#:a#:b)=printfBX&nter the values of c and dCU X)=scanfBXWd WdX#:c#:d)=printfBXYn ;&2O& S'A!!I>+ C X)=printfBXYn The value of a and b is C WdYt Wd X#a#b)=printfBXYn The value of c and d is C WdYt Wd X#c#d)=printfBXYn A2T& S'A!!I>+ C X)=swapBa#b)=swap0B:c#:d)=

printfBXYn *ethod isC-all by PalueX)=printfBXYn ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZX)=printfBXYn The value of a and b is C WdYt WdX#a#b)=printfBXYn *ethod isC-all by Address or eferenceX)=printfBXYn ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZX)=printfBXYn The value of c and d is C WdYt WdX#c#d)=getchB)=\void swapBint Zc#int Zd)[ int t= tUZc= ZcUZd= ZdUt=\void swap0Bint a#int b)[int t=tUa=aUb=bUa=

\

SAMPLE INPUT:

&nter the values of a and bC U 1 5&nter the values of c and dC U 8 6

OUTPUT:

;&2O& S'A!!I>+CThe value of a and b isC 1 5The value of c and d isC 8 6

AFTER SAPPING:*ethod isC-all by Palue


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The value of a and b isC 1 5*ethod isC-all by Address or eference

The value of c and d isC 6 8

Ex.N.11 FILE MANAGEMENT

AIM:

To !erform the cat command operations B reate# (isplay and "pdate ) in uni byusing program using 2ile concept.

ALGORIT!M:

0. ead a choice to perform create or display or update operation.1. If it is reate# then create a new file with its contents.3. If it is display# then display the contents from a file which is created later.5. If it is update# then append the new contents to an eisting file.

PROGRAM:


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QincludeKstdio.hLvoid mainB)[ 2IT O!&ATIO>S YnX)= printfBX 0. reate YnX)= printfBX 1. (isplay YnX)= printfBX 3. "pdate YnYnX)= printfBX &nter the choice CX)= scanfBXWdX#:op)= switchBop) [

case 0CprintfBX&nter the file name to be createYnX)=scanfBXWsX#fn)=fptrUfopenBfn#XwX)=

printfBX&nter the data to be stored in the fileYnX)=scanfBXWcX#:ch)=whileBchU]F])[fprintfBfptr#XWcX#ch)=scanfBXWcX#:ch)=\fcloseBfptr)=

brea%= case 1C

fptrUfopenBfn#XrX)=whileBfeofBfptr))[chUgetcBfptr)=ifBchUU]Yt]) printfBXYtX)=else ifBchUU]Yn])

printfBXYnX)=else printfBXWcX#ch)=\fcloseBfptr)=

brea%= case 3C

fptrUfopenBfn#XaX)=printfBX&nter the updated data to be stored in the fileYnX)=scanfBXWcX#:ch)=whileBchU]F])

[fprintfBfptr#XWcX#ch)=


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scanfBXWcX#:ch)=\fcloseBfptr)=

brea%= defaultC

printfBXIllegal numberYnX)=brea%=

\ \ whileBopLU0 :: opKU3)=\SAMPLE INPUT AND OUTPUT:

** *"+.*

".3+

2IA+&*&>T O!&ATIO>S YnX)=

0. reate1. (isplay3. "pdate

&nter the choiceC 0&nter the file name to be create input.tt

&nter the data to be stored in the file&(*& + RMKCET

2IA+&*&>T O!&ATIO>S YnX)=0. reate1. (isplay3. "pdate

&nter the choiceC 1&(*& + RMKCET


&nter the choiceC 3&nter the updated data to be stored in the fileRMKCET 4" ; D&'"#+&+


&nter the choiceC 1&(*& + RMKCET

RMKCET 4" ; D&'"#+&+

2IA+&*&>T O!&ATIO>S YnX)=0. reate1. (isplay

3. "pdate&nter the choiceC 5


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PROGRAM:

QincludeKstring.hLQincludeKstdio.hLmainB )

[ char ZtUBcharZ)mallocB09)=

char ZsR6U[ M!ASA

ge2155 lab manual

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