Solved Examples (Analogies)

Directions: Each question below consists of a related pair of words or phrases, followed four or five pairs of words or phrases labeled A through D/E. Select the pair that best expresses a relationship similar to that expressed in the original pair.1IRON : BLACKSMITH :: Cotton : ClothFood : GourmetClay : PotterSilver : MinerGold : Miser(C). A BLACKSMITH uses IRON to make things.A __________ uses ________ to make things.2FISH : SCALES :: Book : PapersSnake : FangsBirds : FeatherCar : WheelsCat : Claws(C). FISH is covered by SCALES.__________ is covered by _________.3NOSE : SMELL :: Tongue : SpeakFoot : HitHand : FingerTeeth : ChewEye : Lid(D). Function of NOSE is to SMELL.Function of _________ is to _________.4COLLAGE : IMAGES :: Cement : BuildingMedley : SongsFurniture : SofaGrains : TreeBook : Volumes(B). IMAGES are composed of COLLAGE._________ are composed of _________.5SKETCH : ARTIST :: Secret : ConfidentCell : PrisonerPalette : PainterDraft : WriterLawyer : Court room(D). An ARTIST makes SKETCH before final work.An _________ makes _________ before final work.Some High Frequency Relations

Object and Function:KNIFE : CUT :: Winter : SummerSword : SharpRun : FastDrill : Hole(D). The function of Knife is to Cut. Similarly, the function of a Drill is to make Hole.Class and Member:FISH : TROUT ::Hair : BlackBird : AviaryTiger : CarnivorousMammal : Cow(D). Trout is a member of class Fish. Similarly, Cow is a member of class Mammal.Part to Part:GILL : FIN ::Cockroach : AntennaInstrument : PencilHard Disk : KeyboardBread : Butter(C). As Gills and Fins are parts of a fish, so Hard Disk and Keyboard are parts of a computer.Part to Whole:FISH : SCHOOL ::Puppy : DogNovel : StoryCocks : PrideEar : Nose(C). A School is a group of Fish, so as Pride is group of Cocks.Defining the Characteristics:COUNSELOR : ADVICE ::Artist : MusicianPatron : SupportHonesty : CharityBank : Banker(B). A Counselor provides Advice. Similarly, Patron provides Support.Cause and Effect:RACE : FATIGUE ::Fasting : HungerRound : BoxingFlower : ColorHiking : Gangrene(A). Race causes Fatigue, as Fasting causes Hunger.Work Style:STRUT : WALK ::Sweating : WrestlingHunter : FireSpeech : StageStammer : Talk(D). To Strut is a style of Walking. Similarly, Stammer is a style of Talking.Synonyms:INDUSTRIOUS : HARDWORKING ::Sky : BlueMuddy : UnclearBook : ReadingPond : Lake(B). Industrious is the synonym of Hardworking, as Muddy is the synonym of Unclear.Antonyms:SCHOLAR : IGNORANT ::Hardworking : LazyKnife : SwordCourage : BoldLuxury : Wealth(A). Ignorant is the antonym of Scholar, as Lazy is the antonym of Hardworking.Intensity:COOL : FROZEN ::Sharp : CutWarm : HotHassock : StoolFreedom : Liberty(B). Cool and Frozen differ in intensity; similarly, Warm and Hot differ in intensity

MAin sequences ?NALOGIESAnalogies mainly depend on Vocabulary.you have to recognize the relation between the pair of words.This is a tight, solid, logical relationship based on the meaning of the words. It is the kind of relationship that exists between a word and its dictionary definition.Direction :- In each of the following questions, a related pair of words or phrases is followed by five lettered pairs of words or phrases. Select the pair that best expresses a relationship that exists between a word and its dictionary definition.Analysis:-It is important that you focus on understanding the relationship between the original pair of words, because this is really what you are trying to parallel. First, you should find the primary relationship first, then look for a secondary or closer relationship. The idea is to select the BEST answer or most similar relationship.Types:-Many types of relationships are possible in GRE analogies. The stem words may be related by:Category Sample AnalogySynonyms end: terminateAntonyms artificial: realWorker and Tool Used photographer: cameraTool and Object Its Used Upon scissors: paperWorker and Object He Creates poet: poemCause and Effect negligence: accidentEffect and Cause tsunami: earthquakeMaterial Used and End Product lumber: houseFunction of a Tool saw: cutPart to Whole leaf: treePerson and What He Looks For mineralogist: orePerson and What He Avoids student: failureMasculine and Feminine host: hostessAge infant: adolescentPerson and Closely Related Adjective commander: competentPerson and Least Related Adjective commander: cowardSymbol and What It Stands For rose: loveMathematical Relationship seven: forty-nineMeasurement mile: distanceClassification and Type dog: greyhoundDegree of Intensity cold: pneumoniaTips for Answering Analogies1: To find the relationship between the stem words (the words in capital letters), form a simple sentence that links the two words and illustrates their meaning. Then plug in the choices.2: If more than one choice fits your sentence, go back and make your sentence more specific or look for a nuance that you missed.3: You can automatically eliminate any answer choice containing a triangular nonrelationship. In a triangular nonrelationship, the two words are related to a third word, but not directly to each other. For example:WEIGHT:AGESALT:PEPPERIRRIGATIONS:FERTILIZERLEMON:ORANGEIn each word pair, both are related to something, but not to each other.4: You can automatically eliminate any answer choice containing words that are not related in a clear and necessary way.5: Never initially eliminate a choice if you are uncertain of the meaning of either word in it. You cant be positive that two words are unrelated if you have no idea what one of the words means.6: When you dont know the meaning of one of the words in the stem, work backwards from the choices.7: You can improve the effectiveness of working backward by using information in the problem to decode the unknown word in the stem.8: If you know both words in the stem, you can sometimes eliminate a choice even if you dont know one of the words, by determining whether any word could create a relationship like the stem relationship.Some Basic Traps to Avoid1:Do not misread the words:Unfortunately, people tend to read the first word, then predict the second word. For example, if the first word is man many people think the second word must be woman. They play word association games, rather than reading the question. Take the time to do a careful reading.2:Do not choose an answer with a reversed relationship:This is perhaps the most common error in the section. If the question is BOY: MAN, the answer cannot be WOMAN: GIRL. The relationship would be one of progression; a boy grows into a man. A woman does not grow into a girl; the relationship is reversed.3:Do not choose answers based on the meanings of the words:If the questions are about computers, the answers may very easily be about chocolate cake. The meanings themselves are irrelevant; you are only concerned with the relationships between the pairs of words.Note:- When all else fails and you know you are on a hard question, eliminate what you can and pick the choice containing the hardest words.