Gas

Liquid

Solid

Can change shape and volume

Can change shape not volume

Can’t change shape or volume

freezing

melting

condensation

vaporization/boiling

sublimation

-liquid to solid

-solid to liquid

-gas to liquid

-liquid to gas

-solid to gas

Temperature measures the Kinetic Energy (speed) of the particles in a substance.

As you add heat to a substance the particles will move faster.

Water boils at 100oC and ice water

exists at 0oC.

Time (min) --> start at zero, every other square is 1 minute

Tem

pera

ture

(oC

) --> s

tart a

t ze

ro, e

very

oth

er s

qu

are

is 1

0

deg

ress.

Heating Curve of Water

Hold paper sideways, holes on top

0:00 1:12 2:24 3:36 4:48 6:00 7:12 8:24 9:36 10:48 12:00

-20

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Heating Curve of Water

Water Temp (degrees Celcius)

Sources of error could be calibration of thermometer, purity of the water, the placement of the thermometer, how you stirred,.

Water can boil at temps greater

than 100OC if there are impurities

in the water. Another possibility is a miscalibrated thermometer

(When ice melts or water boils)

(When there was only water!)

The temperature of a substance going through a phase change will remain constant.

The temperature increased when there was only one phase present in the beaker.

While the ice is melting, the energy is weakening the intermolecular forces causing a phase change. When only water is in the beaker, the energy speeds up the water molecules, which increases temperature. When the water is boiling the energy is weakening the intermolecular forces causing a phase change.