Gas Law Calculations

Boyle’s Law

PV = k

Boyle’s Law

PV = k

Charles’ Law

V T

Charles’ Law

V T

CombinedGas Law

PV T

CombinedGas Law

PV T

Ideal Gas Law

PV = nRT

Ideal Gas Law

PV = nRT

= k

= k

T and V changeP, n, R areconstant

P, V, and T changen and R are constant

P and V changen, R, T areconstant

Gas Law Calculations

Ideal Gas Law

PV = nRT

Ideal Gas Law

PV = nRT

Dalton’s LawPartial Pressures

PT = PA + PB

Dalton’s LawPartial Pressures

PT = PA + PB

Charles’ Law

Charles’ Law

T1 = T2

V1 = V2

Boyle’s Law

Boyle’s Law

P1V1 = P2V2

Gay-LussacGay-Lussac

T1 = T2

P1 = P2

Combined

Combined

T1 = T2

P1V1 = P2V2

Avogadro’s Law

Avogadro’s Law

Add or remove gas

Manometer

Manometer

Big = small + height

R = 0.0821 L atm / mol K

1 atm = 760 mm Hg = 101.3 kPa

Bernoulli’s Principle

Bernoulli’s Principle

Fast moving fluids…create low pressure

Density

Density

T1D1 = T2D2

P1 = P2

Graham’s Law

Graham’s Law

1

2

2

1

mm

vv

diffusion vs. effusion

United States Bill of Rights ratified

History of ScienceGas Laws

1650 1700 1750 1800 1850

Boyle’s lawCharles’s law

Dalton announceshis atomic theory

Gay-Lussac’s law

Avagadro’s particleNumber theory

Mogul empire in India(1526-1707)

Constitution of the United States signed

Latin American countries gain independence (1791- 1824)

U.S. Congress bans importation of slaves

Napoleon is emperor(1804- 12)

Haiti declares independence

Herron, Frank, Sarquis, Sarquis, Schrader, Kulka, Chemistry, Heath Publishing,1996, page 220

Scientists

• Evangelista Torricelli (1608-1647)– Published first scientific explanation of a vacuum.– Invented mercury barometer.

• Robert Boyle (1627- 1691)– Volume inversely related to pressure

(temperature remains constant)

• Jacques Charles (1746 -1823)– Volume directly related to temperature

(pressure remains constant)

• Joseph Gay-Lussac (1778-1850)– Pressure directly related to temperature

(volume remains constant)

Gas Demonstrations

Gas:  Demonstrations

Gas:  Demonstrations

Effect of Temperature on Volume of a Gas VIDEO

Air Pressure Crushes a Popcan VIDEO

Air Pressure Inside a Balloon(Needle through a balloon)

VIDEO

Effect of Pressure on Volume(Shaving Creme in a Belljar)

VIDEO

http://www.unit5.org/chemistry/GasLaws.html

Eggsplosion

Effect of Temperature on Volume

of a Gas VIDEO

Air Pressure Crushes a Popcan

VIDEO

Air Pressure Inside a Balloon(Needle through

a balloon) VIDEO

Effect of Pressure on Volume

(Shaving Creme in a Belljar)

VIDEO