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SAP ISU BILLING SAP ISU BILLING (Gas division) (Gas division)

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Page 1: Gas Billing

SAP ISU BILLINGSAP ISU BILLING

(Gas division)(Gas division)

Page 2: Gas Billing

Gas Industry

Page 3: Gas Billing

Gas distribution

Page 4: Gas Billing

General context of IS-U (Gas) Billing

GenCoGenCo RetailerRetailerTransCo

DisCo

Segments in a deregulated scenario

Present IS-U Billing is focused on DisCos

Present Gas Billing meets standard demands of utilities with flexible integration of additional demands

Enabling of deregulated scenarios in preparation for division electricity

Requests for Gas Billing regarding: deregulated scenario, i.e.: producers, pipelines and utilities

integration of special needs of North American gas companies

Page 5: Gas Billing

Gas billing

Page 6: Gas Billing
Page 7: Gas Billing

Background of present gas billing Legal prerequirements

• DVGW • German association analogous to the American AGA• deals with problems of division G(as) and W(ater)

• Report G685 • comparable to special AGA reports • provides rules for standard gas billing of mainly residential and commercial

customers• requirements are largely met by IS-U gas billing

•Report G486• provides rules for billing of large industrial customers • takes into account special features such as the use of the GERG virial equation• requirements up to now can only partly be met by integrating calculations deduced from other non-SAP-systems

Page 8: Gas Billing

Central Gas factors

Volume correction factor

Calorific value

Application determined by IS-U billing type:

volumetricno conversion of meter reading difference

standard volumetricone conversion via volume correction factor

thermal two conversions via volume correction factor and calorific value

Page 9: Gas Billing

Gas Procedures

Technical description of a register includes especially

Nominal load

Pressure measured at the register (gauge pressure)

Inclusion of factors provided by the register register does not integrate any thermal gas factors

register integrates temperature

register integrates temperature and pressure

register integrates temperature, pressure and compressibility

Page 10: Gas Billing

Thermal gas billing

Page 11: Gas Billing

Gas Procedures Technical description gives rise to possible choice of

gas procedures when installing a register

Gas procedure contains all necessary information for computing the gas factors, i.e. volume correction factor and calorific value

Gas procedure is broken down into two procedures describing the computation of the central gas factors, more precisely:

Gas procedure =

( volume correction factor procedure , Calorific value procedure )

Page 12: Gas Billing

Volume correction factor procedure

The volume correction factor VCF is defined as:Ratio of norm volume to operating volume

Basic explicit formula for volume correction factor VCF derived from the ideal gas law is as follows:

Tn Pamb + Peff 1VCF = ———— • —————— • ——

To + t Pn K

Page 13: Gas Billing

Volume Correction Procedure Tn = Standard Temperature (Kelvin or Rankine)

To = Zero Point of temperature scale(273.15 Kelvin or 460 Rankine)

t = Temperature in Celsius or Fahrenheit

Pamb = Air Pressure

Peff = Measured Pressure at the register

Pn = Standard Pressure (e.g. 1.01325 bar)

K = Gas Law Deviation Factor

F = 1 / K with F = Supercompressibility Factor

Page 14: Gas Billing

Dimensions

Gas Billing possible in SI system ( metric system )

English system ( non-metric system )

General Notion of Dimension Class of measurement units belonging to physical quantity, e.g.

volume or energy (cf, Ccf, Mcf )

Usually fixed conversion factors between units within the same dimension, e.g. Ccf <-> Mcf or kWh <-> MWh

Mapping into SAP system via general Implementation Guide

applicable for all divisions i.e. not Gas specific

Page 15: Gas Billing

Dimensions Conversion by central gas factors

Conversion of units of measurement belonging to different dimensions

e.g. Ccf -> Btu ( English system )

e.g. m3 -> kWh ( SI system )

Conversion by Volume Correction Factor VCF

Operating volume * VCF = standard volume

source measurement unit, e.g. cf or m3

target measurement unit, e.g. Scf or Nm3

Define source / target unit in Volume Correction Procedure

Volume Correction Procedure defines rule for computing VCF, which in general is NOT a fixed factor

Page 16: Gas Billing

Dimensions Conversion by Calorific Value CV

Standard volume * CV = Energy (billing consumption)

source measurement unit, e.g. scf or Nm3

target measurement unit, e.g. Btu or kWh

Define source / target unit in Calorific Value Procedure

Calorific Value Procedure defines rule for computing CV, which in general is NOT a fixed factor

Page 17: Gas Billing

Dimensions

Overview of all conversions Meter Difference [ meter reading unit ]

[ meter read. unit -> source unit VCF ]

* VCF [ source unit VCF -> target unit VCF ]

[ target unit VCF - > source unit CV ]

* CV [ source unit CV -> target unit CV ]

[ target unit CV -> billing unit ]

= Energy [ billing unit ]

Page 18: Gas Billing

Components of Volume Correction Factor

Gas Temperature

Air pressure

Gas pressure at the meter

Gas Law Deviation Factor per pressure and temperature

per register

Page 19: Gas Billing

Components of Volume Correction Factor

Application of components determined by

“Inclusion of Factors”

Register includes no components

Register includes temperature

Register includes temperature and pressure

Register includes temperature, pressure and compressibility

Page 20: Gas Billing

Tn Pamb + Peff 1VCF = ——— • ——————— • ——

To + t Pn K

Temperature

Determination of Temperature

Page 21: Gas Billing

Temperature

V_TE307

Temperature area

V_TE447Monthly MeasuredGas Temperature

V_TE247

Fixed Temperature

V_TE551Fixed Temperature

Key

Daily baseMonthly base

Page 22: Gas Billing

Temperature Procedures V_TE447 (monthly base) used for calculation of:

Arithmetical annual average

Weighted annual average

Arithmetical average over the billing period

Weighted average over the billing period

V_TE247 (daily base) used for determination of:

Fixed temperature

Page 23: Gas Billing

Daily base

Page 24: Gas Billing

monthly base

Page 25: Gas Billing

Determination of Pressure

Tn Pamb + Peff 1VCF = ——— • ——————— • —

To + t Pn K

Pressure

Page 26: Gas Billing

Air Pressure ( Pamb )

V_TE309

Air Pressure area

V_TE339Monthly Measured

Air Pressure

V_TE907Annual

Air pressure

Monthly base „Daily“ base

Page 27: Gas Billing

Air Pressure Procedures

V_TE907 (daily base) used for calculation of:

Annual air pressure

V_TE339 (monhtly base) used for calculation of :

Arithmetical average over the billing period

Weighted average over the billing period

Monthly measured air pressure

Page 28: Gas Billing

Gas pressure at the meter (Peff)

V_TE341

Measured Pressure

V_TE445Gas Law Deviation Factor per Pressure

and Temperature

V_TE345Gas Pressure

Area

Permitted pressures assigned to the register or indirectly via pressure regulator during installation

No explicit calculation of GLDF

Default pressure depending on regional structure Correction pressure at the meter is possible

Page 29: Gas Billing

Compressibility factor Z = deviating behavior of real gas in comparison to ideal gas p*V = Z*R*T

Gas Law Deviation Factor K = Z/Zn = ratio of compressibility factors at any condition to those at normal conditions F = 1 / K with F = Supercompressibility Factor

very complicated to determine

AGANX-19-mod

GERG88

no explicit calculation in IS-U; values must be imported from non-SAP-system

Gas Law Deviation Factor

Page 30: Gas Billing

Special Volume Correction Factor Procedures

Fixed volume correction factor no use of formula derived from ideal gas law

factor dependent on:

V_TE929

Billing class

Air pressure area

Temperature area

Daily base

Page 31: Gas Billing

Calorific value

V_TE453

Calorific ValueDistricts

V_TE921Energy FeedingAccording to

Calorific Value District

V_TE449Monthly

Calorific Value

Page 32: Gas Billing

Calorific Value Procedures

V_TE449 ( monthly base ) used for calculation of:

Arithmetical annual average

Weighted annual average

Arithmetical average over the billing period

Weighted average over the billing period

determination of monthly calorific value

Page 33: Gas Billing

Calorific Value Procedures Determination of CV for Billing

based on V_TE449 (monthly values)

maintained by customizing transaction EA70

comparison of (weighted averages ) via V_TE449 with pre-set fixed calorific value is possible

User decides on billing calorific value and maintains it

Example: =======07/98 Actual average Fixed value Delta - > Bill CV

11.01 11 0.01 11

Page 34: Gas Billing

Customizing Transactions

EA70

Billing Calorific Value

EA76

Calorific Value procedure

EA79

Volume correction factor procedure

EA73

Gas procedure

Page 35: Gas Billing

Connecting data relationships Register

Inclusion of factors

Gas procedure

Regional structureproposes values during device installation for the following:

Air pressure area

Gas Pressure Area

Temperature Area

Calorific value district

Rate category (defined in installation) Type of Gas Billing ( thermal, standard volumetric, volumetric )

Page 36: Gas Billing

Connecting data relationships

Inclusion of factors (P)

nominal load (P) gas pressure at the meter (P) Gas procedure Air pressure area Gas Pressure Area Temperature Area Calorific value district

Installation

Rate category

Type of gas billing (P)

Billing class (P)

Execution of Gas procedure during

billing

meter reading

simulation

budget billing plan extrapolation

P = proposal for gas procedure

Page 37: Gas Billing

Installation

Page 38: Gas Billing

Register Data and Rate Category

Page 39: Gas Billing

Connecting data relationshipsGas Procedure Calorific value procedure V_TE449 (monthly)

Volume correction procedure

Temperature

V_TE247 fixed (daily)

V_TE447 (monthly)

Air pressure

V_TE339 (monthly)

V_TE907 (daily)

Gauge pressure

V_TE341 („daily“)

V_TE345 (daily)

GLDF

V_TE445

register („daily“)

Special VCF procedures

fixed VCF (daily)

register relationship

ZZ

ZE