gameful design for online learning
TRANSCRIPT
gameful designfor online educationSebastian DeterdingMAGIC Lab, Rochester Institute of TechnologyGame On: Exploring Innovative Pedagogies Symposium,Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia, September 2, 2013
cb
pointsTracking, Feedback
badgesGoals, surprise
leaderboardsCompetition
incentivesRewards
»Gamy« feedback layer1
http://www.flickr.com/photos/auntiep/4310267/sizes/o/
delicious scalability & analytics!
very, very old wine ...
flickr.com/photos/the-consortium/5304929409
Gold StarsThe single worst way of
motivating learning
+
frontal teaching(Almost) the single worst
educational material
Peter F. Drucker
»There is surely nothing quite so useless as doing with great efficiency what should not be done at all.«
what executives should remember (2006)
Margaret Robertson
»Gamification is an inadvertent con. It tricks people into believing that there’s a simple way to imbue their thing ... with the psychological, emotional and social power of a great game.«
can’t play, won’t play (2009)
Raph Koster
»Fun from games arises out of mastery. It arises out of comprehension. It is the act of solving puzzles that makes games fun. With games, learning is the drug.«
a theory of fun for game design (2005)
http://www.flickr.com/photos/diego_rivera/4261964210
Extrinsic motivation
Intrinsic motivation
http://www.flickr.com/photos/areyoumyrik/308908967
Edward Deci, Richard Ryan
»An understanding of human motivation requires a consideration of innate psychological needs for competence, autonomy, and relatedness.«
the what and why of goal pursuit (2000)
The fun in playing games chiefly arises from intrinsic enjoyment, not extrinsic incentives.
Con(fusion) #2
Not fun Funhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/sulamith/1342528771/sizes/o/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/photonquantique/3364593945/sizes/l/
Raph Koster
»Fun is just another wordfor learning.«
through interesting challenges
a theory of fun for game design (2005)
+ Feedback ...
http://www.flickr.com/photos/bodgerbrooks/1315419080
Game atoms
model/skill
rule system
goal
success! / failure!
actions
feedbackimmediate/progress
challenge
Confusion
#3
http://www.flickr.com/photos/apartmentlife/6559123353/
»Gaminess« is not a feature you can just add – it is restructuring learning goals into game atoms.
Con(fusion) #3
Edward Deci, Richard Ryan
»An understanding of human motivation requires a consideration of innate psychological needs for competence, autonomy, and relatedness.«
the what and why of goal pursuit (2000)
feedback
perceived as
controllingthwarts
autonomy
motivation
perceived as
informingsupports
competence
+
–
Deci & Ryan 2012
We don’t play games voluntarily because they’re fun – playing games is fun because it’s voluntary.
Con(fusion) #4
gameful designRestructuring learning to support competence, autonomy, and relatedness, using game atoms as a lens
http://ww
w.flickr.com
/photos/mike52ad/4675696269
http://ww
w.flickr.com
/photos/mike52ad/4675696269
Goals: Intransparent; lack of small steps
Rules: Often intransparent
Challenge: Not adjusted to individual skill
Feedback: Slow, demotivating decay instead of building and perceiving progress
Game atomscompetence?
http://ww
w.flickr.com
/photos/mike52ad/4675696269
Goals: Little choice in what to do when and how, little connection to personal needs
Challenge: Demonstrating proficiency, not inviting exploratory trial and error
Feedback: Often controlling, highly serious consequences
Game atomsautonomy?
challenge-based learningO’Mahony, et al (2012). A Comparison of Lecture-Based and Challenge-Based Learning in a Workplace Setting: Course Designs, Patterns of Interactivity, and Learning Outcomes. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 21(1), 182–206.
Peter F. Drucker
»There is surely nothing quite so useless as doing with great efficiency what should not be done at all.«
what executives should remember (2006)
– e.g. gamified MOOCs
gameful designRestructuring learning to support competence, autonomy, and relatedness, using game atoms as a lens
Seebit.ly/194vAnifor a recent overview of further design patterns.
@dingstweets
codingconduct.cc
Thank you.