GAM531DPS931 – Week 2Into the Engine

Last Time in GAM531…

Engine

Core

Client Interfac

e

Operating

System API

Device API

Engine

DX11 Devic

e

GL 4.3

Device

Controller

Manager

Model

DX11 Objec

t

GL 4.3

Object

DX 11 API

GL 4.3 API

DX 11 API

GL 4.3 API

1 m

1 m

1 m

1 1 or1

1 or 1

1

iEngine

iController iModel

Back to the Engine

iEngine.hpp

namespace Emperor { class iEngine {…}; }

Engine.hpp

namespace Emperor { template <RenderSystem RS> class Engine : public iEngine, public Singleton<Engine<RS>> {…}; }

The Singleton

Engine

Device

Mesh

Vertex

Shader

Buffer

TextureMaterial

Actor

Node

BlendState

RasterizerSceneObje

ct

Controller

Manager

Light

Camera

Engine<RS>* engine; x10,000

class Engine { static Engine* self; public: Engine() {self = this;} static Engine* getPtr() { return self; } void stuff();};

Engine::getPtr()->stuff();

Static Variables

Our Singleton Class (hold on…) template <class D> class Singleton { private: static D* self; protected: public: Singleton() { if(!self) self = (D*)this; else EMP_FATAL_ERROR(“…"); } virtual ~Singleton() {self = 0;}

static D* getPtr() {return self;} };

template <class D> D* Singleton<D>::self = nullptr;

template <RenderSystem RS>class Engine : public iEngine,

public Singleton<Engine<RS>> {…}; }

Engine<RS>::getPtr()->initialize();

Deeper into the Engine

Engine.hpp

namespace Emperor { template <RenderSystem RS> class Engine : public iEngine, public Singleton<Engine<RS>> { SceneController<RS> sCont; ResourceController<RS> rCont; … public: iSceneController* getSceneController() {return &sCont;} iResourceController* getResourceController() {return &rCont;} }; }

Engine

Controller

1 m

Why do we use controllers?

Convenience& Separation

Resource SceneWindow

Scene vs. Resource

Statue1.obj

Summoner.objBigDude.obj

Into the ControllerSceneController.hpp

namespace Emperor { template <RenderSystem RS> class SceneController : public iSceneController { public: ActorManager<RS> actMan; CameraManager<RS> camMan; LightManager<RS> lgtMan; NodeManager<RS> nodMan; … }; }

Controller

Manager

1 m

iSceneController.hpp

namespace Emperor { … class iSceneController { … public: virtual iActor* createActor() = 0; virtual iCamera* createCamera() = 0; virtual iLight* createLight() = 0; virtual iNode* createNode() = 0; };

}

What does a Manager Do?

Hiring – Creating the object

Firing – Destroying the object

Keeping Tabs – Having a reference to all objectsOrganizing/Scheduling – Dealing with tasks that deal with all objectsDamage Control – Releasing resources if they have not been released by shutdown

Into the Manager

BaseManager.hpp

template <class T> class BaseManager { protected: ArrayList<T*> objects; ArrayList<T*> activeObjects; public: BaseManager() {} virtual ~BaseManager() {…} T* createObject() {…} void removeObject(T* o) {…} void activateObject(T* o) {…} void deactivateObject(T* o) {…} };

Manager

Model1 m

#define ArrayList std::vector

Std::Vector

142 78 84 26Std::Vector is a dynamic array

Common Functions:

push_back(T) – add a value to the back pop_back() – removes the last value

size() – returns the number of valuesfront() – returns first value (ref)

back() – returns last value (ref)

[N] (subscript) – returns the Nth value (ref)

142 78 84 26 182 45

begin() – returns an iterator to the beginning

beg end

end() – returns an iterator to the end

Std::Iterator

Std::Iterator is a unified method of iterating over many STL data structures

//iterating over a std::vector//assume ar is a std::vector<int>for(auto i = ar.begin(), end = ar.end(); i!=end; i++) { std::cout << *i;}

142 78 84 26 182

i end

std::vector<int>::iterator i = ar.begin();i += 3;std::cout << i – ar.begin(); //outputs 3

auto i = ar.begin();ar.push_back(25);std::cout << *i; //throws exception, iterator not valid

Std::Iterator Cont

Many STL functions use the std::iterator

std::vector<int> intvec;intvec.push_back(20);intvec.push_back(93);

intvec.insert(intvec.begin() + 1, 50);//inserts between 20 and 93intvec.erase(intvec.begin());//removes 20 from the list

auto i = std::find(intvec.begin(), intvec.end(), 93);//returns iterator to the second elementi = std::find(intvec.begin(), intvec.end(), 108);//returns iterator to the end of the array

20 93 93509350

Into the Manager

BaseManager.hpp

template <class T> class BaseManager { protected: ArrayList<T*> objects; ArrayList<T*> activeObjects; public: BaseManager() {} virtual ~BaseManager() {…} T* createObject() {…} void removeObject(T* o) {…} void activateObject(T* o) {…} void deactivateObject(T* o) {…} };

Manager

Model1 m

#define ArrayList std::vector

Scene vs. Resource

Statue1.obj

Summoner.objBigDude.obj

Into the Resource Manager

ResourceManager.hpp

template <class T>class ResourceManager { protected: HashMap<String, T*> resources; virtual T* createResource(const String& r) = 0; public: ResourceManager() {} virtual ~ResourceManager() {…} T* newResource(const String& r) {…} T* getResource(const String& resource) {…} void removeResource(T* a) {…}};

#define HashMap std::map

std::map

0x248F

std::map is an associative container (key-value pairs) which relies on unique keys

Common Functions:

insert(KEY,VALUE) – insert key and value

erase(KEY) – removes key and associated valuessize() – returns the number of elementsclear() – empties the container

find(KEY) – returns an iterator to the element

[KEY] (subscript) – returns the value associated with the key (ref)

test.obj

begin() – returns an iterator to the beginningend() – returns an iterator to the end

0x1C8AHello?

0x52CEeng.exe

Key(String

)

Value(Pointer

)

std::map usage

0x248F

template<class T>T* findOrAdd(std::map<std::string,T*>& res, const std::string& key) { if(res.find(key) == res.end()) { res[key] = new T(); } return res[key];}int main() { std::map<std::string, int> im;

*findOrAdd(im, “Test”) = 15; *findOrAdd(im, “Snap”) = 20; *findOrAdd(im, “Test”) = 33; return 0;}

Test

0x1C8ASnap

Key(String

)

Value(Pointer

)15

20

33

Into the Resource Manager

ResourceManager.hpp

template <class T>class ResourceManager { protected: HashMap<String, T*> resources; virtual T* createResource(const String& r) = 0; public: ResourceManager() {} virtual ~ResourceManager() {…} T* newResource(const String& r) {…} T* getResource(const String& resource) {…} void removeResource(T* a) {…}};

#define HashMap std::map

Scene vs. Resource

Statue1.obj

Summoner.objBigDude.obj

Engine

DX11 Devic

e

GL 4.3

Device

Controller

Manager

Model

DX11 Objec

t

GL 4.3

Object

DX 11 API

GL 4.3 API

DX 11 API

GL 4.3 API

1 m

1 m

1 m

1 1 or1

1 or 1

1

iEngine

iController iModel

To Recap

To Do• Create zenit wiki accounts if you don’t already have one

• Add your user information to the student list on the wiki

• Read over Assignment 1 (will be released Friday)

• Begin to look for group partners (2-3 per group)

• Bookmark the GAM531 website

• Make an account on Bit Bucket