g sgreen star: whatwhat s in it for us?’s in it for us? · green star i d d b h g b ildi c il f a...

G SGreen Star:What’s in it for Us?What s in it for Us?Alex McBurneyElectrical Engineering Group LeaderLend Lease designg

Overview

Green Star for Office Building Design – for electrical engineers

Lend Lease’s involvement

A look at the credits and criteria

Issues in implementing the criteria Issues in implementing the criteria

Challenges for the FutureChallenges for the Future

Green Star

I d d b h G B ildi C il f A li i 2003 Introduced by the Green Building Council of Australia in 2003

A rating system to encourage holistic environmentally sustainable designA rating system to encourage holistic environmentally sustainable design

Tool has been officially released for Office Building Base Design and As Built, Office Interiors, Education and Retail

Continuous revisions are made Continuous revisions are made

Office Version 3 was released in January 2008y

Certification available for “Design” and “As Built”

Green Star and ABGR

Green Star and ABGR

Green Star is an holistic environmental rating tool Green Star is an holistic environmental rating tool

ABGR is Australian Building Greenhouse Rating schemeg g

ABGR rates the green house gas emissions of a building.

Green Star – Other Sectors

Tools currently in pilot: Office existingg Healthcare Industrial Multi-unit ResidentialMulti unit Residential Mixed Use

D i il t t i ti lt t l t t i l th t l ith During pilot, certain corporations, consultants apply to trial the tool with feedback to GBCA

Lend Lease design participating in pilot of Multi-unit residential, and has participated in several technical working groups

Lend Lease

Operates in Australia, Asia, UK, Europe and USA

Employs 10,000 worldwide

Operates in Real Estate Investment, development, design, construction, operation and management

Active in developing cutting edge energy efficient buildings

Green Star

I l d b d f it i Includes a broad range of criteria

Electrical criteria form just one component of the rating tool Electrical criteria form just one component of the rating tool

Each criteria earn points within a category Category points are weighted Each criteria earn points within a category. Category points are weighted.

Energy and Indoor Environment Quality are weighted most heavilyEnergy and Indoor Environment Quality are weighted most heavily

4 star 45-59 weighted points – Australian Best Practiceg p 5 Star 60-74 weighted points – Australian Excellence 6 Star 75+ weighted points – World Leadership

Green Star Office

Green Star Office Design/As Built: Electrical Elementsg

IEQ – 6 High Frequency Ballasts 1 point awarded if high frequency ballasts are used in more than 95% of the floor plate.p g q y p This is typical practice in most new buildings – easy point

Emi-7 Light Pollution Emi-7 Light Pollution 1 point awarded if

no light is spilled upwards into the night sky. Lighting complies to AS4282 Obtrusive Light Lighting complies to AS4282 Obtrusive Light 95% of spaces do not exceed minimum requirements of AS1158 Outdoor Lighting.

This is typical practice in most new buildings and should be an easy point


Ene 3 Lighting Power Density: Ene-3 Lighting Power Density: 2 - 2.5 Watts/m2/100 lux – 1 point 1.5 – 2 Watts/m2/100 lux – 2 points <1.5 Watts/m2/100 lux – 3 points Drives an efficient base building lighting system

IEQ – 7 Lighting Levels: 1 point awarded if the lighting levels on 95% of the floor plate are less than 400 lux Intended to discourage over lighting of the office space Intended to discourage over-lighting of the office space

IEQ – 7 Issues: With efficient lighting systems drives fitting spacing wider apart Some efficient lighting systems may be penalised if ceiling grid is locked in

Green Star Office Design: Issuesg

IEQ-7 Lighting Levels Issues: Lighting levels are modelled on empty office spaceg g p y p You can’t take dimming into account When workstations are introduced, even in open plan format, lighting levels will drop –

perhaps below 320 luxp p After the lamps age, will the occupants be happy? Will they introduce task lighting to supplement the base lighting? Will the task lighting be automatically switched or will individuals be relied upon not to Will the task lighting be automatically switched or will individuals be relied upon not to

leave them on all night? Will the initial energy savings be maintained?

Green Star Office Design: Electrical Elementsg

Ene-4 Light Zoningg g 1 point if lighting zones <100m2 for 95% area 2 points if individually addressable controls installed for >90% area

Ene-4 Light Zoning Issues Costs for BMS based 100m2 zones with over-ride switches approach addressable

costscosts Addressable solution needs a huge database Who will maintain the lighting database for the life of the building?

Green Star Office Design: Electrical Elementsg

Mat-7 PVC Minimisation 1 point where PVC content (by cost) is reduced by 30% 1 point where PVC content (by cost) is reduced by 30% 2 points where PVC content (by cost) I reduced by 60%

Mat-7 Issues: Obtaining trade costs for options at design certification stage Use of non PVC cabling for data cabling, final sub-circuits, secondary wiring within

switchboards?switchboards? Minimum order quantities for non PVC cables Involvement of Mechanical electrical trades? Involvement of plumbing trades? Other architectural finishes?

Green Star Office: Electrical Elements


E 2 E S b iEne-2 Energy Sub-metering 1 point for monitored metering of energy uses>100kVA and in categories 2 points for separate metering of lighting and power on each tenancy of each floorp p g g g p y

Ene-2 Energy Sub-metering Issues:A i it b k t d t 140 i t ll i 100kVA ( f t ti di ) A circuit breaker rated at 140 amps is not usually carrying 100kVA (eg for protection grading). Debate with assessors re whether sub-metering is required

Do you meter every submain or create sub-bus systems to meter categories? Large buildings can have 100’s of metering points – information overload? Metering can be monitored by the BMS. Usually relies on counting pulses. What happens

when pulses are missed? What if there is no accumulation register to know progressive count p g p gwhen comms are restored? Problems in subsequent energy analysis and NABERS energy rating calculations.

How do you know when the system isn’t working?y y g


Ene-1 Greenhouse Gas Emissions2 Ranges from 1 point for 95kgCO2/m2/annum to

20 points if carbon neutral Ene 5 Peak Energy Demand Reduction Ene-5 Peak Energy Demand Reduction

1 point if peak demand reduced by 15%OROR The difference between peak and average demand does not exceed 40% 2 points if peak demand reduced by 30%OR The difference between peak and average demand does not exceed 20%


Ene-1 and Ene-5 Issues: Due to heavy weighting of energy/CO2, you usually hit the wall at 5 Green Stars using

conventional techniquesconventional techniques Gas co-generation now commonly proposed to get CO2 credits to reach 6 star Modelling to optimise co-gen selection relies on having accurate load profiles A gas co-generation engine running at part load is inefficient, and will shutdown at less

than 50% load. What happens to plant selection if you use the old conservative VA/m2 benchmarks? What happens to plant selection if you use the old conservative VA/m2 benchmarks? Cumulative fault level issues can cause issues for the Supply Authority – eg CitiPower

moratorium on co-gen Air quality issues in CBD areas – Brisbane restrictions on gas co-gen, SCRs required

in Sydney basin.

Building Actual Performanceg

The Bond Measured Total Maximum demand 56VA/m2 NLA – incl house and tenants

Melbourne 6 star Measured Total Maximum Demand 61VA/m2 NLA (excluding co gen contribution)(excluding co-gen contribution)

Sydney 5 star Measured Total Maximum Demand 61VA/m2 NLASyd ey 5 sta easu ed ota a u e a d 6 /

Conventional Benchmark is 120VA/m2 for substation, conventional t d d ti 90 100VA/ 2expected measured operation 90-100VA/m2

Green Star Office: Actual Building Performance

Electricit End Uses

g

Electricity End Uses

700,000

800,000

500 000

600,000

Wh/

pa)

300 000

400,000

500,000

tricit

y (kW

200,000

300,000

Elec

t

-

100,000

Tenant CW Lifts Trim Heating Carpark House L&P Cooling Plant Air HandlingTenant CWSystem

Lifts Trim Heating Carpark House L&P Cooling Plant Air HandlingPlant

Design Target Operational Target Actual

Green Star Office: Actual Building Performanceg

S d S B ildiSydney 5 Star Building:

Electricity Use kWhr/m2 per annumElectricity Use kWhr/m per annumBase Building Tenancy Total

.Average existing 2.5 star building

174.1 166 340

5 Star Building 68.1 69 137

% Reduction 61% 59% 60%% Reduction 61% 59% 60%

The Bond

The Bond30 Hi k Rd30 Hickson RdMillers Point

Australia’s first 5 Green Star As Built rated building

Australia’s first 5 star ABGR energy dit d b ildiaccredited building

Designed prior to Green Star Passive Chilled Beam air conditioning External shading to exposed facades T5 lighting system with time scheduling and

light harvesting Extensive metering system

Darling Park 3g

Darling Park 3

5 star ABGR energy rated building VAV air conditioning T8 lighting system with electronic ballasts

and time scheduling Extensive metering system

The Gaugeg

The GaugeVi t i H bVictoria HarbourMelbourne

Australia’s first 6 Star Green Star As Built certified building

Passive Chilled Beam air conditioning Gas fired co-generation system with heat

recovery T5 lighting system with reduced ambient

li hti l l d ti h d lilighting levels and time scheduling Extensive metering system Black Water treatment plant

Darling Walkg

Darling WalkD li H bDarling HarbourSydney

Registered for Green Star Design and Interiors ratings

Passive Chilled Beam air conditioning Gas fired tri-generation system with

absorption chilling T5 lighting system with time scheduling and

li ht h tilight harvesting Extensive metering system Black Water Treatment plant

Quad 4

Quad 4H b h BHomebush BaySydney

First speculative 5 star Green Star Design rated building

Passive Chilled Beam air conditioning Extensive metering system Uses Sydney Olympic Park recycled water

supply for non-potable water uses.

Green Star Office: Challengesg

I d t Ch llIndustry Challenges:

Our industry is conservative and slow to change design practices. Electrical infrastructure it i b i d icapacity is becoming scarce and expensive.

Existing buildings provide an opportunity for improved performance and reduced demand on i ti i f t texisting infrastructure

We now have the tools to monitor actual building performance and feed this back into the d i ldesign loop.

The industry must take advantage of improvements in building performance

Who will have the courage to let the old benchmarks go and design leaner infrastructure in the next generation of energy efficient buildings?

g sgreen star: whatwhat s in it for us?’s in it for us? · green star i d d b h g b ildi c il f a...

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