GROWTH and Development

Chapter 16

What is the purpose of the reproductive system?

To produce hormones Produce sex cells that are part of

sexual reproduction

What are the names of the reproductive cells and what path do they take in the body?

SPERM CELL EGG CELL Sperm is produced in the testes It takes 72 days for a sperm to

mature What reproductive hormone is

produced by testes? Testosterone Testes are located in a pouch of

skin called the scrotum Sperm travels through tubes

where they pick up a fluid called semen

Sperm Then leaves the body through a tube in the penis called the urethra

A woman is born with about 400,000 eggs

Eggs are produced in the ovaries and are released how often?

What reproductive hormone does the ovaries produce ?

Estrogen The fallopian tube carries the

egg to the uterus During menstruation the egg is

carried out the cervix and then through vagina or birth canal

What is the purpose of the male and female reproductive systems

MALE FEMALE Produce sperm Produce the hormone

testosterone

Produce egg cells Produce estrogen and

other hormones Nourish a developing

baby until birth

Why is the pituitary gland important?

Signals the release of hormones in the testes and ovaries. It is also called the master gland

What is Fertilization?

• This fertilized egg is called a Zygote!• Once the zygote divides into two cells up until the

eighth week it is called an _______________________• From the 8th week up until birth the developing

human is called a _________________

the joining together of two special cells , one from each parent

Where does fertilization take place?

What part of the woman does the fertilized eggs attach to?

Uterus

How is the Embryo protected and nourished?

Amniotic sac – surrounds the embryo, filled with fluid and protects the unborn baby

The umbilical cord- rope like structure containing blood vessel

(20 inches) Placenta- where substances are exchanged from

one blood stream to another

Stages of Birth 1. Labor- strong muscle contractions of the uterus cause

the cervix to open 2. Delivery- the baby is pushed out of the uterus through

the vagina. Why does the head come out first? 3. Birth- pressure caused by muscle contraction briefly

decrease baby oxygen supplies and endocrine releases adrenaline to increase baby heart rate.

What are other ways to assist a birth? Caesarian Forceps Vacuum underwater drugs

What is the difference between fraternal and identical twins

IDENTICAL- SAME EGGFRATERNAL- DIFFERENT EGGS

Do identical twins have the same finger prints?

Why have twins become more popular?

What is Artificial Insemination?

What animals are AI widely used for ?What is in vitro?

Baby Facts What day of the week are most

babies born? Wednesday What month are most born? August For every 1,000 girls born, are there

more or less boys? More….1,049

Prenatal Care Steps taken to provide for the health of a

pregnant female and her body Obstetrician Nutritious foods Rest Avoid drugs Exercise What are some things your parents did

while they were pregnant with you or a sibling?

Ultrasound Equipment which is uses sound

waves to make pictures , and allows the doctor to see images of a fetus in the uterus

Problems in the fetal environment…….

Poor Nutrition Alcohol…What is FAS Drugs Tobacco Infections STD’s What advice would you give to a pregnant

female to protect her developing baby?

ABC video

c-section

Why are the teen years not an ideal time to have children?

Are you ready to be a parent?

NO What is abstinence?

Do Now: Answer the top part of the worksheet “Responsibility Project Reflection” Discuss your answers in

your group(make sure to use discussion prompts)

Video Clip Complete bottom of

worksheet Class Discussion What does it mean to

take a chance? Roll the Dice

Go to groups and open the envelopes

On the sheet of paper provided write down the Pro’s and Con’s of this chance

What does this all mean?