g pruthvi raju1 p. satyakrishna department of mechanical ... · richard morris, tim katz...
TRANSCRIPT
IJSRD - International Journal for Scientific Research & Development| Vol. 5, Issue 01, 2017 | ISSN (online): 2321-0613
All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 1311
Design and Structural Analysis of a Motor Bike Frame
G Pruthvi Raju1 P. Satyakrishna2 1,2Department of Mechanical Engineering
1,2MLRIT&M, Dundigal, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
Abstract— This paper describes weight reduction of bike
frame (Trellis Frame) by ANSYS 17 Workbench software.
The objectives of this paper are to develop structural
modelling, using finite element analyze and the optimization
of the bike frame for robust design. The structure of bike
frame was modelled in CATIA V5 R19 software and
analysis was performed using ANSYS17 Workbench
software. Static analysis was carried out for finding the
stresses/strain results. Shape optimization technique is used
for performing optimization cause measurable reduction in
weight of bike frame. By the FEA analysis results, the bike
frame is suggested to be remodeled based on the Shape
optimization results. The optimized bike frame is lighter and
predicted low maximum stress compare to initial design.
Key words: CATIA V5 R19, Ansys17, Trellis frame, Bike
frame, Static stress analysis, modelling
I. MODELING OF A BIKE FRAME
A. Geometry of the bike frame:
Fig. 1:
B. Modeling Procedure
Fig. 2:
Fig. 3:
Fig. 4:
Fig. 5:
Fig. 6:
Fig. 7:
Fig. 8:
Design and Structural Analysis of a Motor Bike Frame
(IJSRD/Vol. 5/Issue 01/2017/358)
All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 1312
Fig. 9:
Fig. 10:
Fig. 11:
Fig. 12:
Fig. 13:
Fig. 14:
Modeling of bike frame using CATIA V5 R19 software
utilized work benches are Part Design, Sketcher, Wire
Frame and Surface Design, Drafting, Generative Shape
Design.
II. COPARISOPN OF MATERIALS PROPERTIES
A. Structural Steel
Density 7.85e-006 kg mm^-3
Coefficient of Thermal
Expansion 1.2e-005 C^-1
Specific Heat 4.34e+005 mJ kg^-1 C^-1
Thermal Conductivity 6.05e-002 W mm^-1 C^-1
Resistivity 1.7e-004 ohm mm
Table 1: Structural Steel > Constants
Red Green Blue
132 139 179
Table 2: Structural Steel > Color
Compressive Ultimate
Strength MPa
0
Table 3: Structural Steel > Compressive Ultimate Strength
Compressive Yield Strength MPa
250
Table 4: Structural Steel > Compressive Yield Strength
Tensile Yield Strength MPa
250
Table 5: Structural Steel > Tensile Yield Strength
Tensile Ultimate Strength MPa
460
Table 6: Structural Steel > Tensile Ultimate Strength
Zero-Thermal-Strain Reference Temperature C
22
Table 7: Structural Steel > Isotropic Secant Coefficient of
Thermal Expansion
Alternating Stress MPa Cycles Mean Stress MPa
3999 10 0
2827 20 0
1896 50 0
1413 100 0
1069 200 0
441 2000 0
262 10000 0
214 20000 0
138 1.e+005 0
114 2.e+005 0
86.2 1.e+006 0
Table 8: Structural Steel > Alternating Stress Mean Stress
Design and Structural Analysis of a Motor Bike Frame
(IJSRD/Vol. 5/Issue 01/2017/358)
All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 1313
Strengt
h
Coeffic
ient
MPa
Streng
th
Expon
ent
Ductilit
y
Coeffic
ient
Ductil
ity
Expon
ent
Cyclic
Strengt
h
Coeffic
ient
MPa
Cyclic
Strain
Harde
ning
Expon
ent
920 -0.106 0.213 -0.47 1000 0.2
Table 9: Structural Steel > Strain-Life Parameters
Temperatur
e C
Young's
Modulu
s MPa
Poisson'
s Ratio
Bulk
Modulus
MPa
Shear
Modulu
s MPa
2.e+005 0.3
1.6667e+00
5 76923
Table 10: Structural Steel > Isotropic Elasticity
Relative Permeability
10000
Table 11: Structural Steel > Isotropic Relative Permeability
B. Aluminum Alloy
Density 2.77e-006 kg mm^-3
Coefficient of Thermal
Expansion
2.3e-005 C^-1
Specific Heat 8.75e+005 mJ kg^-1 C^-
1
Table 12: Aluminum Alloy > Constants
Red Green Blue
138 104 46
Table 13: Aluminum Alloy > Color
Compressive Ultimate Strength MPa
0
Table 14: Aluminum Alloy > Compressive Ultimate
Strength
Compressive Yield Strength MPa
280
Table 15: Aluminum Alloy > Compressive Yield Strength
Tensile Yield Strength MPa
280
Table 16: Aluminum Alloy > Tensile Yield Strength
Tensile Ultimate Strength MPa
310
Table 17: aluminum Alloy > Tensile Ultimate Strength
Zero-Thermal-Strain Reference Temperature C
22
Table 18: Aluminum Alloy > Isotropic Secant Coefficient of
Thermal Expansion
Thermal Conductivity W mm^-1 C^-1 Temperature C
0.114 -100
0.144 0
0.165 100
0.175 200
Table 19: Aluminum Alloy > Isotropic Thermal
Conductivity
Alternating Stress MPa Cycles R-Ratio
275.8 1700 -1
241.3 5000 -1
206.8 34000 -1
172.4 1.4e+005 -1
137.9 8.e+005 -1
117.2 2.4e+006 -1
89.63 5.5e+007 -1
82.74 1.e+008 -1
170.6 50000 -0.5
139.6 3.5e+005 -0.5
108.6 3.7e+006 -0.5
87.91 1.4e+007 -0.5
77.57 5.e+007 -0.5
72.39 1.e+008 -0.5
144.8 50000 0
120.7 1.9e+005 0
103.4 1.3e+006 0
93.08 4.4e+006 0
86.18 1.2e+007 0
72.39 1.e+008 0
74.12 3.e+005 0.5
70.67 1.5e+006 0.5
66.36 1.2e+007 0.5
62.05 1.e+008 0.5
Table 20: Aluminum Alloy > Alternating Stress R-Ratio
Resistivity ohm mm Temperature C
2.43e-005 0
2.67e-005 20
3.63e-005 100
Table 21: Aluminum Alloy > Isotropic Resistivity
Temperature
C
Young's
Modulus
MPa
Poisson's
Ratio
Bulk
Modulus
MPa
Shear
Modulus
MPa
71000 0.33 69608 26692
Table 22: Aluminum Alloy > Isotropic Elasticity
Relative Permeability
1
Table 23: Aluminum Alloy > Isotropic Relative
Permeability
C. Graps
1) Stell
Fig. 15: Model > Static Structural > Force
2) Alluminium Alloy
Fig. 16: Model > Static Structural > Force
Design and Structural Analysis of a Motor Bike Frame
(IJSRD/Vol. 5/Issue 01/2017/358)
All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 1314
III. STEEL RESULTS
A. Total Deformation:
Fig. 17:
B. Directional Deformation:
Fig. 18:
C. Equivalent Stress
Fig. 19:
D. Equivalent Elastic Strain
Fig. 20:
E. Al alloy frame Results:
1) Total Deformation
Fig. 21:
2) Directional Deformation
Fig. 22:
3) Equivalent Stress
Fig. 23:
4) Equivalent Elastic Strain
Fig. 24:
Design and Structural Analysis of a Motor Bike Frame
(IJSRD/Vol. 5/Issue 01/2017/358)
All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 1315
F. Results Summary of Steel Frame:
Fig. 25:
Fig. 26:
Fig. 27:
G. Results Summary of Al Alloy Frame:
Fig. 28:
Fig. 29:
Fig. 30:
IV. CONCLUSION
In the present work using the finite element analysis
method and the assistance of ANSYS 17 Workbench
software, static structural analysis has been done and
we conclude following below points.
From the Ansys software we able to analyse bike frame
for Equivalent stresses and strains, total deformation &
directional deformation
In this analysis we tried to simulate real condition by
notice to all of effective forces on bike frame on two
different materials namely Aluminum alloy 6061 &
Structural steel.
From the analysis results we observe the equivalent
stress in aluminum alloy bike frame to be 2.5381 mpa
and steel to be 2.5681mpa
Total deformation in Aluminum alloy alloy to be
0.091107mm and in steel to be 0.032267mm
Equivalent elastic strain in Aluminum alloy to be
4.3651e-5 mm and in steel to be 1.5941e-5mm
According to the results obtained from ansys software,
it can be concluded that the weight of Aluminium alloy
6061 is lighter and maximum stress also predicted when
compare to bike frame with structural steel material.
The results clearly indicate that the new design (bike
frame with aluminum alloy) much lighter and has more
strength than initial design of bike frame (structural
steel). Hence Aluminum alloy is the best replacement
material in place of steel for present generation bike
frames.
Material optimization approach will be considered for
future research.
V. FUTURE SCOPE
Various desired shape frames can produce using
aluminium 6061bike frame.
Due to low weight and high strength to weight ration of
the aluminium alloys, these frames can be used in future
bike frames.
Future bikes RPM can be increased using these frames.
The reports obtained from static analysis is used to
determine future analysis work.
REFERENCES
[1] Gaurav vasantrao bhunte, Dr. Tushar R. Deshmukh, “ A
review on design and analysis of two wheeler chasis”,
Design and Structural Analysis of a Motor Bike Frame
(IJSRD/Vol. 5/Issue 01/2017/358)
All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 1316
international journal for research in emerging science
and technology,vol.2,issue 1. Jan 2015.
[2] Simhachalam Bade, Divakar K, Srivastsan K, and
Muthu Vijayan, “structural analysis of electric bike
frames”, HTC 09, tube investments of india.
[3] Ajay Katiyar,Anuj Prakash and S.C.Jayswal, “
modeling and structural analysis of two wheeler frame”,
proceedings of the national conference on trends and
advances in mechanical engineering.Dec.2006.
[4] Diogo Rechena,Luis Sousa,Luis Eca “ Motorcycle
chassis analysis”,IDMEC/IST,Institute of mechanical
engineering, university of Lisbon,Portugal.
[5] Mr.M.V.Pazare, Prof.S.D.Khamankar “Stress Analysis
of Bicycle Frame”, International Journal of Engineering
Science and Technology(IJEST).
[6] Derek Covill, Steven Begg, Eddy Elton, Mark Milne,
Richard Morris, Tim Katz “Parametric finite element
analysis of bicycle frame Geometries”, The 2014
conference of the International Sports Engineering
Association, Procedia Engineering 72 ( 2014 ) 441 –
446.
[7] Forrest Dwyer, Adrian Shaw, Richard Tombarelli
presented the thesis on “Material and Design
Optimization for an Aluminium Bike Frame”.
[8] D. S. De Lorenzo, M. L. Hull “Quantification of
Structural Loading During Off-Road Cycling”, Thomas
Jin-Chee Liu, Huang-Chieh Wu,” Fiber direction and
stacking sequence design for bicycle frame made of
Carbon epoxy composite laminate”, Materials and
Design 31 (2010) 1971–1980.
[9] Fabian Fuerle, Johann Sienz “Decomposed surrogate
based optimization of carbon-fiber bicycle frames using
Optimum Latin Hypercubes for constrained design
spaces”.
[10] G.R. Liu, S. S. Quek, “ The Finite Element Method: A
Practical Course”,Textbook.
[11] Production Technology [Manufacturing Process
Technology And Automation] By R.K Jain.
[12] Engineering Materials And Their Applications By
Richard A. Filnn And Paul K. Trojan.
[13] Mechanics Of Materials By Dr .B. C. Punnia, Ashok
Kumar Jain , Arun Kumar Jain.
[14] Structure And Properties Of Engineering Materials By
VSR Murthy, AK Jena, KP Gupta, GS Murthy.
[15] Olek C Zienkiewicz, Robert L Taylor, J.Z. Zhu,” The
Finite Element Method: Its Basis and Fundamentals”
Text book.
[16] CATIA V5 R19 Facts sheet
[17] Product data bulletin for 17-4 PH stainless steel
[18] Smith’s high performance AMS 17-4 PH Data sheet
[19] Corus Engineering steels
[20] CATIA V5 tutorials
[21] Ansys tutorials.