g-code instructions

8/20/2019 G-Code instructions

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Introduction to G-Code

ProgrammingComputer Integrated Manufacturing

Unit 2: CNC Machining


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In this lesson:

Review Coordinate Geometry Basics

Identify common Terminoogy!"amine G and M # Code anguage

$rovide opportunities for Review and$ractice


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Rectangular Coordinate System

%#a"is

a"is

'rigin

()2* inch spacing

+ ,%-&.

,)-(/0*.


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,)(111-)(111.,#)()2*-(2*.

,#(30*-#(*11.

,(0*1-#)(111.

Ordered Pairs +

B

C

4


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3D Coordinate System (X,,!"

%#a"is

5#

a"isa"is


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#asic $achine %&es: 3 a&is

Miing Machines: 3 a"is

% 6 a"is ,ta7e eft and

right.& 6 a"is ,ta7e in and out.

5 6 a"is ,usuay the

spinde a"is.


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%dditional %&es

+ 6 a"is ,anguar a"is a7out % # a"is.

B 6 a"is ,anguar a"is a7out & 6 a"is.

C 6 a"is ,anguar a"is a7out 5 6 a"is.

U 6 a"is ,secondary a"is parae to %.8 6 a"is ,secondary a"is parae to &.

9 6 a"is ,secondary a"is parae to 5.


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$illing $achines: ' a&is


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erminology

NC 6 Numerica Contro

CNC 6 Computer Numerica Contro

4NC 6 4irect Numerica Contro +$T 6 +utomatic $rogrammed Too

C+4 6 Computer +ided 4esign

C+M 6 Computer +ided Manufacturing

CIM 6 Computer Integrated Manufacturing


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Do)nload Code Sheet

Cic here to open Code ;heet


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G - Code Programming

G 6 Code $rogramming

'riginay caed the uentiay(


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Common *ormat o+ a #loc

;e>uence

?

$reparatory

@unction

4imension

9ords

@eed

Rate

;pinde

@unction

Too

@unction

Misc(

@unction

N*1 GA1 G1) %)(1&2(2* @)1 ;)*11 T1) M13

Individua 9ords


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ord %ddress .

N 6 ;e>uence or ine num7er

+ tag that identifies the 7eginning of a 7oc ofcode( It is used 7y operators to ocate specific

ines of a program when entering data or verifyingthe program operation(

G 6 $reparatory functionG words specify the mode in which the miingmachine is to move aong its programmed a"es(

ResN 6 ;

G 6 $r

Dim% 6

& 6

5 6


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ord %ddress 0

4imension 9ords

% 6 4istance or position in % direction

& 6 4istance or position in & direction

5 6 4istance or position in 5 direction

M 6 Misceaneous functions

M words specify CNC machine functions notreated to dimensions or a"ia movements(


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@ 6 @eed rate ,inches per minute or miimeters perminute.

Rate at which cutting too moves aong an a"is(

; 6 ;pinde speed ,rpm 6 revoutions per minute.

Contros spinde rotation speed(

T 6 Too num7er

;pecifies too to 7e seected(

ord %ddress 3


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I 6 Circuar cutting reference for " a"is

6 Circuar cutting reference for y a"is

D 6 Circuar cutting reference for E a"is

ord %ddress '


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G ord

G words or codes te the machine to

perform certain functions( Most G

words are moda which means theyremain in effect unti repaced 7y

another moda G code(


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Common G Codes

G11 6 Rapid positioning mode

Too is moved aong the shortest route toprogrammed %-&-5 position( Usuay N'Tused for cutting(

G1) 6 Finear Interpoation mode

Too is moved aong a straight#ine path at

programmed rate of speed(

G12 6 Circuar motion cocwise ,cw.

G13 6 Circuar motion counter cocwise

,ccw.


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Common G Codes, con1,

G)0 6 %& pane

G)/ 6 %5 pane

G)A 6 &5 pane

G21 6 Inch Mode

G2) 6 Metric ModeG2/ 6 Return to a"is machine 5ero

,ome.


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G Codes: G2, G2.

GA1 6 +7soute Coordinate Reference

References the ne"t position from an a7souteEero point which is set once for the entire

program(

GA) 6 Incrementa Coordinate Reference

References the ne"t position from the previous

position(


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G Codes: Canned Cycles

G/1 6 Cance canned cyce

G/) 6 4riing cyce

G/3 6 $ec driing cyceG/ 6 Tapping cyce

G/* 6 Boring cyce

G/ 6 Boring cyce

N'T!: + canned cyce stays in effect unticanceed 7y a G/1(


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Canned Cycles: G4.

G/) 6 4riing Cyce

@eed to depth- rapid return

!"ampe of program code:

N3* G/) %(*11&(*115#)(111 R()11 @)(*1

N3 %)(111&)(*11

N30 %)(*11&2(111

N3/ G/1


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Canned Cycles: G43, G4'

G/3 6 $ec 4riing Cyce

@eed to an intermediate depth- rapid out- rapid7ac to Hust a7ove previous depth- feed to ne"t

depth- rapid out- repeat unti reaching fu depth(

G/ 6 Tapping Cyce

This cyce creates interna threads in an e"istinghoe( N'T!: 'ne cannot over#ride the feed rate(


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Canned Cycles: G45, G46

G/* # Boring Cyce

@eed to depth- feed 7ac out(

G/ 6 Boring Cyce

@eed to depth- rapid out(


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G Codes: Cutter Com7ensation

G1 6 Cance cutter diameter

compensation(

G) 6 Cutter compensation eft(

G2 6 Cutter compensation right(


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$ ord

M words te the machine to perform

certain machine reated functions-

such as: turn spinde onoff- cooantonoff- or stopend program(

Pro+essional De/elo7ment ID Code: 66


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Common $ )ords

M11 6 $rogrammed pause

+utomaticay stops machine unti operator pushes a 7utton toresume program(

M1) 6 'ptiona stop

+ stop acted upon 7y the machine when operator hassignaed this command 7y pushing a 7utton(

M12 6 !nd of program

;tops program when a ines of code are competed( Must 7east command in program(


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M13 6 Turn spinde on In cocwise direction

M1 6 Turn spinde on In counter cocwise direction

M1* 6 ;top spinde

Usuay used prior to too change or at end of program(

M1 6 Too change;tops program and cas for a too change- eitherautomaticay or manuay(

Common $ )ords


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M1/ 6 Turns +ccessory ) on(

M1A 6 Turns +ccessory ) off(

M)1 6 Turns +ccessory 2 on(

M)) 6 Turns +ccessory 2 off(

M31 6 !nd of program

;imiar to M12 7ut M31 wi aso


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!ero Points

$art 5ero 6 Used for a7soute programming mode(

6Usuay a position on the part that a a7soutecoordinates are referenced to(

6 Changes with different parts and programs(

Machine 5ero or Machine ome $osition 6 @i"ed for each machine from the manufacturer( 6 Not changea7e(


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Cutter Path Generation

Cutter path is generated 7y moving the

too from point to point( The points are

previousy defined from the partdrawing dimensions(

!ach ine of code wi show the

destination point of where the too wi

go to(


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Inter7olation

Method of determining intermediate

points aong a cutting path(

Two methods:J Finear interpoation 6 cut a path aong a

specified ange at a specified feed rate(

J Circuar interpoation 6 cut a path aong an arc

or circe at a specified feed rate(


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%&is mo/ements: Caution8

Mutipe a"is movements are possi7e(


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9&am7le .: C #loc


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o7 ;ie) C #loc()2* GRI4

;$+C!;

'rigin,1-1.


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Do)nload orsheet

Cic here to open $ractice !"ercises


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orsheet Pro


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Pause =esson


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9&am7le .: Program C

N1) GA1 G/1 T11

N12 G11 %1 &3(111 5)(111

N13 M13 ;)111


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9&am7le .: Program C

N1) GA1 G/1 T11

N12 G11 %1 &3(111 5)(111

N13 M13 ;)111

N1 %(30* &(2*1 5)(111

N1* 5()11

N1 G1) 5#()11 @*(11

N10 &)(0*1


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9&am7le .: Program cont>d

N1/ %)(2*1 &(2*1

N1A &)(0*1

N)1 G11 5()11

N)) %2(2* &(*11

N)2 G') 5#()11N)3 %2(30* &2(*1

N) %2(111


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9&am7le .: Program cont>d

N)* %)(0*1 &(*11

N) &)(*11

N)0 %2(111 &)(0*1

N)/ %2(30*

N)A %2(2* &)(*11


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9&am7le ., con1,

N21 G11 5)(111

N2) %1 &3(111

N22 M1*

N23 M31


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9&am7le 0: P= #loc


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orsheet Pro


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9&am7le 0: o7 ;ie)

'rigin

+, -

.

!, -

.

4, -

.

C, -

.

B, -

.

I, - .

, -

.

G, - .

@, -.

(2*1 Grid ;pace

F, -

.

D, -.

, - .

$, -

.

', -

.

N, -

.

M, -

.

L, -

.


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Pause =esson


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9&am7le 0: P=

N1) GA1 G/1 T1)

N12 G11 %1 &1 5)(111

N13 M13 ;)111N1 %(0*1 &(*11 5)(111

N1* 5()11

N1 G1) 5#(2*1 @*(11

N10 &2(*11


49/55

9&am7le 0: P= cont>d

N1/ %)(2*1

N1A G12 %)(2*1 &)(*11 I)(2*1 2(111

N)1 G1) %(0*1N)) G11 5()11

N)2 %2(2*1 &2(*11

N)3 G1) 5#(2*1

N) &(*11


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9&am7le 0: Program cont>d

N)* %3(2*1

N) G11 5()11

N)0 %(111

N)/ G1) 5#(2*1

N)A &2(*11N21 %3(*11

N2) %(*11


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N22 G11 5()11

N23 %*(111 &2(*11

N2 G1) 5#(2*1

N2* %*(*11 &(*11

N2 %*(0*1 &)(*11N20 %(111 &(*11

N2/ %(*11 &2(*11


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N2A G11 5)(111

N31 %1 &1

N3) M1*

N32 M31


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Curriculum %lignment:

Unit 2: CNC Machining

;ection 2(3 6 CNC Machining

$ower$oint 6 Introduction to CNC

$ower$oint 6 CNC $rogramming


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Re+erences:

'7erg- !( ones @( 4( orton- ( F( Ryffe-

( ( ,2111.( Machinery’s Handbook, 26 th

ed., New &or- N&: Industria $ress Inc(

8aentino- (8( Goden7erg- ( ,2113.(

Introduction to Computer Numerical Control

(CNC), rd ed (- Upper ;adde River- N: $rentice

a


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Credits:

9riter: Bo7 +rrendondo

Content !ditor: 4onna !( ;cri7ner

Narration: 4onna !( ;cri7ner

$FT9 !ditor: !d ughes

$roduction: C +marosa

8ideo $roduction: C +marosa

+udio: C +marosa

$roHect Manager: 4onna !( ;cri7ner

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