fyn principle #5 - attract wildlife
DESCRIPTION
FYN Principle #5: Right Plant, Right Place Rebecca McNair & Allison Steele Florida Yards & Neighborhoods Program http://charlotte.ifas.ufl.eduTRANSCRIPT
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Attracting Wildlife
Food
Fruit Bearing
Nectar Plants
Larval Plants
Cover
Water
Puddling Station
Birdbaths
Managing For Wildlife
Weeds
Nuisance Animals
More Information
Author: Rebecca McNair
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All Animals Need: Food Cover Water Space
Animals will only reside or forage in an area that contains enough of these four essential elements to maintain daily activities.
Habitat
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Food Fruit Seeds Insects Nectar Larval Meat Remember to provide food year-
round, especially in winter.
Attract a variety of birds, reptiles, bats, butterflies and other insects
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Fruit Bearing Plants
for North Florida
Beautyberry Calicarpa americana
Tupelo Nyssa ogeche
Wild grape Vitis sp.
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Mulberry Morus rubra
Large native tree ~ 40 ft
Full sun Throughout
Florida Edible fruit
in spring Brittle bark,
messy
(USDA Zone 5-9)
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Chickasaw Plum Prunus angustifolia
Native tree ~10 ft
Full to partial sun
Blooms early spring
Edible fruit Suckers tend to form thickets
(USDA Zone 8-10)
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Holly Ilex spp.
Native shrubs and trees
Sun to partial shade Range varies Fruit remains through
winter, attracting birds Salt, drought and
shade tolerant Suckers
Gallberry Ilex glabra
Dahoon Holly Ilex cassine
(USDA Zone 6-9)
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Virginia Willow Itea virginica (USDA Zone 6-10A)
Native shrub ~ 7 ft
Full to partial sun
Blooms spring
Drought and flood tolerant
Suckers tend to form thickets
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Photo by Joe Schaefer
Sea Grape Coccoloba uvifera
McCabe
Bluestem Palm Sabal minor
Fruit Bearing Plants
for South Florida
Southern Red Cedar Juniperus
silicicola
Bryan
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Elderberry Sambucus canadensis (USDA Zone 3-7)
Native shrub ~15 ft
Full to partial sun Throughout
Florida Fragrant flowers
year-round Edible fruit
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Florida Privet Forestiera segregata (USDA Zone 9-11)
Native shrub ~10 ft
Full to partial sun Throughout Florida Fast grower Drought and salt tolerant Dense cover and fruits attract birds
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Wild Coffee Psychotria nervosa (USDA Zone 11)
Native shrub ~8 ft
Partial to full shade tolerant
Blooms spring- summer
Attracts butterflies and birds
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Nectar Plants
for North Florida
Buttonbush Cephalanthus occidentalis
Cardinal flower
Lobelia cardinalis Coneflower Echinacea purpurea
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Golden Dew DropDuranta repens (USDA Zone 8-11)
Shrub ~ 14 feet
Full to partial sun
Blooms year- round
Throughout Florida
High drought tolerance
Attracts butterflies
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Porterweed Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (USDA Zone 8-11)
Native and non-native perennial ~ 4 ft
Full to partial sun
Blooms year-round
Medium salt and drought tolerance
Red variety is non-native
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Coral HoneysuckleLonicera sempervirens (USDA Zone 6-9A)
Native vine Full to partial sun Blooms spring- fall Throughout Florida Attract butterflies
and hummingbirds
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Nectar Plants
for South Florida
Mexican Flame Vine Senecio confusis
Firebush Hamelia patens
Yellow Shrimp Plant Pachystachys lutea
Red Shrimp Justicia spicigera
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Necklace PodSophora tomentosa (USDA Zone 10B-11)
Native shrub ~ 8 ft
Full sun
Blooms year-round
High salt and drought tolerance
Attracts humming-birds and butterflies
Poisonous to humans
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Jatropha Jatropha integerrima (USDA Zone 10B-11)
Shrub ~ 8 feet
Full sun
Blooms year- round
Drought tolerance
Fruit is poisonous to humans
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Larval Plants for North Florida
Matchweed, Phyla
nodiflora is the larval
host of the Buckeye.
Willow, Salix caroliniana is a larval host of the Viceroy.
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Red Bay Persia borbonia (USDA Zone 7-10B)
Native tree ~ 40 ft
Full to partial sun Throughout Florida Drought and salt tolerant Blooms in spring attract butterflies Purple fruit attract birds
Joe Schaefer
Bays are larval food for the spicebush
swallowtail.
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Milkweed Asclepias spp. (USDA Zone 8-10A)
Shrub ~ 4 ft
Natives available
Full to partial sun
Blooms year-round
Throughout Florida
Drought tolerant
Nectar attracts hummingbirds and butterflies
Larval host of Monarch and
Queen
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Passion flower Passiflora spp. (USDA Zone 6-11) Vine Native varieties
available Full to partial
sun Blooms year-
round Throughout
Florida
Larval host of Gulf Fritillary
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Native shrub ~ 3 ft
Full-partial sun
Salt and drought tolerant
Throughout Florida
Insignificant bloom
Coontie Zamia pumila(USDA Zone 9-11)
Larval host of Atala butterfly, found only in southeast Florida.
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Larval Plants
for South Florida
Wild Tamarind Lysiloma latisiliquum larval host of Cloudless Sulphurs
Green Shrimp Blechum
browneiLarval host of the
Malachites
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Native tree ~25 ft
Full to partial sun
Blooms year-round
Salt and drought tolerant
Wild LimeZanthozylum fagara (USDA Zone 11)
Larval host of Giant
Swallowtail
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Vine
Full to partial sun
Blooms summer-fall
Medium drought tolerance
Dutchman’s PipeAristolochia spp. (USDA Zone 8-11)
Larval host of Pipevine
swallowtail
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Senna (syn. Cassia) Senna spp. (USDA Zone 10-11) Native and non-native
shrubs ~ 6-10 ft
Full to partial sun
Blooms fall- spring
Fast growing, short-lived
(non-native) Desert Cassia Senna
polyphylla
Larval host of Sulphurs
Chapman’s Senna Senna mexicana var. chapmanii
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Cover Vertical layers Evergreen species
for winter cover Standing dead trees,
or “snags” Brush pile
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Water Permanent water feature Sound of running water attracts
many animals
Puddling-Butterflies obtain
water and minerals from liquid in pore
spaces.
Puddling station
Sandra Granson
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Design a Puddling Station
1.Layer sand in saucer
2.Add layer of compost
3.Place pebbles on top
4.Add water slowly (to pebble layer)
5.Place saucer on upside down pot
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Birdbath Shallow with
mildly sloping sides
Rough surface Keep clean Rinse off any
soap residueAudubon Society recommends changing the water and cleaning bird baths weekly to avoid spreading avian diseases.
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Managing for WildlifeVertical layers of vegetationPlant nativesNo pesticides!Stop mowing- Weeds add
wildlife value to your yard!
Long-tailed skipper
feeding on Spanish needle.
Bidens alba
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Wild Wonderful Weeds PokeweedPhytolacca americana
Horsemint Monarda punctata
Blanket flower Gaillardia pulchella
Coreopsis Coreopsis spp.
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Tolerance of Nuisance AnimalsDiggers (moles, gophers, squirrels,
armadillos, tortoises)
Bring nutrient to surface
Loosen & aerate soilFeed on turf and
landscape pestsTrapping and
deterrents
Herbivores (deer, rabbits, ducks)
Contribute to food web, circle of life
Nets and fencing may protect fruits
Harassment or nest removal for non-natives
Pocket Gopher Marsh rabbitArmadillo
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More Wild Information
Florida Cooperative Extension Service - Wildlife Program
www.wec.ufl.edu/extension Print on demand Links and information Educational programs
Florida Wildlife Habitat Program Local Audubon Society
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Further ReadingHttp://edis.ifas.ufl.eduWEC-20 Dealing with Unwanted Wildlife in an Urban
EnvironmentSS-WEC-70 Threats to Florida's BiodiversityWEC-72 Saving Endangered Species: How You Can HelpWEC-44 Water for WildlifeSS-WIS-09 Native Plants that Attract Wildlife: Central
FloridaSS-WIS-22 Butterfly Gardening in FloridaSS-WIS-21 Hummingbirds of Florida
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Thanks for your attention!The following presentation was made possible through a grant from FL DEP and EPA. Special thanks to the following reviewers for their valued contributions:
FL114 ELM Design Team and the FYN Subcommittee
Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, UF
Agriculture Education and Communication Department
Environmental Horticulture Department
Entomology and Nematology Department
Soil and Water Sciences Department
Florida Cooperative Extension Service in: Alachua, Broward, Clay, Hillsborough, Lake, Miami-Dade, Orange, Pinellas Sarasota, and Volusia Counties
Florida Organics Recycling Center for Excellence
The Center For Wetlands, UF
United States Department of Agriculture
Division of Plant Industry