future of privacy - the emerging view 11 06 15
TRANSCRIPT
Context The ini3al perspec3ve on the Future of Privacy kicked off the
Future Agenda 2.0 global discussions. ABer 4 events in US, UK, Singapore and Canada plus insights from other topics, we have an updated emerging view.
Ini3al Perspec3ves Q4 2014
Global Discussions Q1/2 2015
Insight Synthesis Q3 2015
Sharing Output Q4 2015
Four Key Themes Across the discussions to date around the world, issues related to privacy
seem to be touching upon and connec3ng with four underlying, but interconnected, themes with different emphasis in different countries.
The Increasing Value of Data
ShiBing Public
Percep3ons
Managing Risk
New Models and Behaviours
Knowing The Unknown By 2020 people and connected objects will generate 40 trillion gigabytes of
data that will have an impact on daily life in one way or another. This data will make known about us things that were previously unknown or unknowable.
Value of Data There is undoubtedly a huge economic incen3ve to generate and collect data from whatever sources it becomes available. As more data from more things becomes available, we can expect to see a data “land grab” by organisa3ons.
Privacy as CompeAAon Privacy is not about the individual – it is all about the value of data.
Therefore we will see increasing data fragmenta3on as companies seek to use data for compe33ve advantage and create new barriers to entry.
Data Darwinism Data is a new form of power: Corporate consolida3on places data in the hands of a few who are able to dictate terms above others. Governments correspondingly have less power as they have less access to key data.
Privacy Visibility The security industry has been es3mated to be worth $350 Billion in
the US alone; security is a sophis3cated and maturing market. The ‘privacy industry’ by contrast is hardly recognizable at all.
Individual Control New disrup3ve providers are seeking to put the individual in control of their personal data. In the process, they are seeking to disintermediate
data-‐intensive businesses from their exis3ng sources of data.
Privacy is a Public Issue The public’s percep3on of the threats to privacy, personal freedom and autonomy is growing. Privacy has already emerged beyond a niche, specialist concern to being a mainstream public issue.
Growing Distrust Growing awareness and distrust will increasingly become a factor in
decision making for ordinary people – decisions about the products we use or abandon, the brands we associate with, the poli3cal leaders we elect.
Masters of Our Data In 2025 there will be a seamless border between digital and real where the digital truth becomes the real truth. We should increase awareness
of our digital shadow becoming ‘masters of our data’.
Data-‐conscious CiAzens The need for ci3zens to understand how data is used will grow. Educa3on will be needed to combat new inequali3es, and enable people to fully take part in
society: understanding data will become part of civic self-‐consciousness.
Data ExploitaAon If it is discovered that companies exploit data that has been collected without genuine permission and use it in ways that have no societal benefit there is a risk that a nega3ve public response will limit opportuni3es for everyone.
ShiKing Power To The Individual The poten3al for economic disrup3on to come to the aid of privacy
by shiBing power over data from the organisa3on to the individual is one of the most significant emerging trends.
Privacy Rights We see more robust privacy rights befer suited to the digital age. These may include rights to anonymity and personal data ownership, but also innova3ve
rights to ‘digital self-‐determina3on’ or ‘the right to change our minds’.
Informed Consent Given complex data flows, informed consent is increasingly challenging –
so an alterna3ve is needed: An accountability governance model incorpora3ng ethics and respechul data use is a compelling subs3tute or complement.
Personally Curated Data ‘Personally curated’ sources of data will have higher value simply due to the fact that they will represent the actual wishes and desires of an individual,
rather than the presumed wishes and desires based on derived data.
The Many Faces of Privacy Different interpreta3ons of privacy, many from different cultures, challenge exis3ng models. Global frameworks may become more consistent while
implementa3ons are localised and diverse, making 'privacy borders' a reality.
Paying for Privacy We do not currently understand the value of our data or how it is
being used and so are giving it away. In the future we might be willing to pay more for our privacy than the data we share.
Privacy as a Luxury The right to privacy becomes more difficult to enforce, but the wealthy
con3nue to take ac3on when informa3on is misused. Privacy could be a luxury in the near term – but may become more widely available in the longer term.
Privacy EducaAon Race Programmes of ‘privacy educa3on’ emerge to combat mass-‐desensi3sa3on to the sharing of private data. However this will not prevent ‘privacy coronaries’
– the result of returning to bad habits aBer privacy viola3ons.
Security vs. Convenience The balance between convenience and security with border controls coming under increasing strain as they deal with huge volumes of people travelling
interna3onally at a 3me when fears around global security are high.
Data ProtecAon Protec3on against hackers remains weak with security soBware con3nuously behind the curve. Wider concerns have been raised by mass surveillance and a growing number of countries now see cyber space as a new stage for bafle.
Rising Cyber Security Greater interconnec3vity and the Internet of Things creates new
vulnerabili3es for governments and corpora3ons -‐ as the unscrupulous and the criminal increasingly seek to exploit weakness and destroy systems.
Broader Cyber Terrorism Cyber afacks move from the virtual world to the physical -‐ afacking planes, u3li3es and industrial systems. Some see a corresponding slow down in the adop3on of sensors and wider use of private encryp3on technologies.
Privacy Agents The difficul3es in extrac3ng value from our data while protec3ng our privacy sees the emergence of new professions. Look out for ‘privacy agents’ and ‘data brokers’ ac3ng as intermediaries and managing the flow of our data.
Privacy Crimes: Data Hostages Criminals have always invaded privacy, but new threats emerge as our digital selves increasingly become poten3ally valuable hostages. Stronger privacy
rights will need to be backed by knowledge of where we are most vulnerable.
Data Risk Management As privacy and data are subsumed within wider risk frameworks,
greater self-‐regula3on and more in-‐house data risk management will lead to deeper integra3on of engineering, privacy and policy.
The Rise of Machines The growth in the intelligence and capabili3es of machines presents both a threat and an opportunity: Greater AI and automa3on free up 3me, but also
threaten jobs -‐ both low skilled and managerial / administra3ve roles.
Technology to the Rescue The machines will help us manage our privacy: Technology will
enable people to protect themselves and killer apps will let people collect and share their data for the ‘public good’.
To Have and To Hold Porous access controls and the risk of future liabili3es highlight to many that there is benefit in destroying data that is not needed
– especially HR, customer and pricing informa3on.
Under the Skin As wearables and implants become commonplace and workforces are
freelance and porholio-‐based, the ability of organisa3ons to own or control corporate informa3on held on personal devices is significantly diminished.
A Data Marketplace Data is a currency, it has a value and a price, and therefore requires a market place. An ecosystem for trading data is emerging and anything
that is informa3on is represented in a new data marketplace.
Sharing Secrets In exchange for befer service or an improved quality of life, we increasingly recognise exactly what personal informa3on
we are prepared to share and who to share it with.
Data Ethics and Trust As trust increasingly drives success, organisa3ons will seek to make data ethics a focus. In order to engage and gain buy-‐in from governments and consumers
alike, trust in data usage will become a core plahorm for differen3a3on.
Digital Commons The ‘digital commons’ will con3nue to grow, empowering more and more
ci3zens and consumers to take mafers into their own hands, such as deploying end-‐to-‐end encryp3on, anonymizers and by “watching the watchers”.
I, Robot We will see urgent debate on the accountability and ethicacy of machines and systems making autonomous decisions, using our data. Solu3ons will have profound implica3ons for the development of data-‐driven technologies.
Linkability of Open Data No data will be truly anonymous: Current open data prac3ce assumes that
technology will be not be able to relink it to its source. This is not the case and so, by 2025, we will see different levels of de-‐iden3fica3on.
Stronger RegulaAon Regula3on will get tougher: Policy makers will act to toughen
laws, even though they move at geological speeds compared to the rate of technology development.
Agreement on Use Not CollecAon The best approach to future proof access to big data is to ensure there is
agreement around its use, not its collec3on. We need a core reference dataset to iden3fy the data that is most effec3ve in driving social and economic gain.
Data Impurity As more decisions are made with reference to Big Data analysis -‐ the ques3on of if data is well collected, or manipulated, will become more important. ‘Data standards’ will emerge to cope with growing complexity of merging data sets.
Global vs. Local Technology is by its very nature global and data does not respect na3onal
boundaries. Can na3on states con3nue to set the rules or will tension in global interoperability drive us to design for global standards but with localised use?
Global Privacy Treaty As different regions all seek to progress data regula3on via the likes of APEC and the EU, the emergence of a global privacy framework is championed by those looking for control and transparency: A Geneva Conven3on for privacy?
Data Islands Some economies seek to maintain closed or parallel networks, independent of global systems. Different approaches from the standard are developed for
major popula3on centres and, in 3me, could have global reach.
Living in Glass Houses If we get it right, we will be more comfortable to metaphorically ‘live in a glass house’, allowing our personal informa3on to be widely accessible in return for the understanding that this enables a richer, more ‘afuned’ life as a result.
Data and Democracy Many ques3on whether privacy will enable the democra3c process: Is there privacy without democracy? Ci3zen data is increasingly publicly used and
shared by governments as an instrument of social change.
Securing Sustainable Society The benefits of making data open, especially for solving some of society’s greatest problems, will drive governments to insist that certain private data sets are made public, democra3sing data-‐use and driving social innova3on.
The Privacy Illusion There is a rising general belief in the right to data privacy and the right
to data security. Both are illusions: Security is impossible without increased monitoring -‐ and so true privacy is also impossible.