fundamentals of data visualization making sense of data
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3 Why is graphical representation important? A quick Exercise! Types of graphs… When to use which type Best practices and some guidelines A detailed take-home Exercise AgendaTRANSCRIPT
FUNDAMENTALS OF DATA VISUALIZATION
Making Sense of Data
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Why is graphical representation important?
A quick Exercise!
Types of graphs… When to use which type
Best practices and some guidelines
A detailed take-home Exercise
Agenda
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Why is graphical representation important?
A quick Exercise!
Types of graphs… When to use which type
Best practices and some guidelines
A detailed take-home Exercise
Agenda
(Scenario 1): Employees in Co. AA (1979 – 2009)
Company AA was formed in 1979 with 5 employees. In the next few years, the company grew its operations and by 1984 it had recruited few more full-time employees to make the total number of employees 11. In the next 5 years, the employee strength became almost 3 time – 30 employees by end of 1989. 90s saw some fast growth in the company and by the end of 2001, the company boasted having touched the 1000 figure. From 2004 onwards, the company has been adding more than 1000 employees every year. By end of 2009, Company AA has a total strength of 8420 full-time employees.
(Scenario 2): Employees in Co. AA (1979 – 2009)
Year No. of Emp1979 51984 111989 301993 1301994 3001999 575… …… …2006 45002007 55002008 70002009 8420
(Scenario 3): Employees in Co. AA (1979 – 2009)
Some facts…
• On average, humans read 200 words per minutes
• While, on average, it takes 4 secs to read a simple chart that has two well-defined axes
CHARTS ENHANCE SPEED OF COMPREHENSION
MORE IMPACTFUL IN STORY-TELLING
The BIG picture… “Why do we need Charts”?
When we have raw data and our purpose is to
- Share information- Prove or Disprove something (e.g. Praxis Profile / Placement data)
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Why is graphical representation important?
A quick Exercise!
Types of graphs… When to use which type
Best practices and some guidelines
A detailed take-home Exercise
Agenda
Growth of mobile telephony services: Thailand
ALL USERS POST-PAID USERS PRE-PAID USERS
Another one…
Given data:• Fertility Rate (number of children per
woman)• Life Expectancy • Population
…for 100+ Countries, from 1962 to 2005.
How will you represent this in Charts?
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Why is graphical representation important?
A quick Exercise!
Why Charts / Graphs? Different types of graphs… When to use which type
Best practices and some guidelines
A detailed take-home Exercise
Agenda
What are the options? …When we have raw data!
• Simply type out the data on the Slide
• Make an infographic
• Create a table
• Create a Chart (or Graph)… the most obvious choice
Do you really need a Chart/Graph?
Let us first understand… What is a Chart (or Graph)?
Never use Graphs when you have a single data point…
Typing out data OR Infographics can be better. E.g.
OR
Better than…
Lot of times, very simple data can be explained through Tables…
Brand Performance: 45 days after launch
‘VELVET’ soap
Chennai Delhi Mumbai
Total Awareness 24% 78% 40%
Trial 8.9% 11.1% 10.8%
Repeat Purchase 1.8% 2.2% 4.5%
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Only if you think ‘Keying-out-numbers’, Infographics or Tables are not going to be impactful…
MAKE A CHART (OR GRAPH)
The process can be summarized in 4 Steps…
Types of Charts
First of all, think… What are you going to do with the data?
You generally do 4 things:
Let us put the situations into a Construct
A. For Comparing Data
It is ideal to use Bar Charts
B. Break data into parts
Ideally Pie Charts. Stacked Bar or normal Bar charts can also be used
B. Break data into parts (Contd.)
Ideally Pie Charts. Stacked Bar or normal Bar charts can also be used
B. Break data into parts (Contd.)
Normal Bar charts can also be used if the number of items are 7 or more…
C. See data over time
Ideally Line Graph. Area Graphs or normal Bar charts can also be used
C. See data over time (Contd.)
Ideally Line Graph. Area Graphs or normal Bar charts can also be used
Let us put the situations into a Construct
D. Breaking data into parts + Comparison of sub-parts
Pie charts or Stacked bars… a series of them!
D. Breaking data into parts + Comparison of sub-parts
Pie charts or Stacked bars… a series of them!
E. See data over time + Make Comparisons
Multiple Line Graph or Bar Graphs
F. Breaking data into parts + See data over time
Stacked area Graphs or Stacked Bar Graphs
F. Breaking data into parts + See data over time
Stacked area Graphs or Stacked Bar Graphs
To Summarize…
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Why is graphical representation important?
A quick Exercise!
Why Charts / Graphs? Different types of graphs… When to use which type
Best practices and some guidelines
A detailed take-home Exercise
Agenda
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Total Population of Thailand: 65,124,716
Total mobile telephony service subscribers: 97,680,775
Total Fixed line subscribers: 5,804,018
Broadband penetration (per Population): 8.2%
Broadband penetration (per Households): 27.4%
Exercise: Some data on Thailand, in general, and Thailand Mobile, Internet Market
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There are 5 cellular service providers in Thailand. Their market shares are as follows: AIS: 46.5%, DTAC: 28.5%, Truemove: 24.3% CAT: 0.2%, TOT: 0.6%
Average spent of a pre-paid customers: 341 Baht per months
Average spent of a post-paid customers: 716 Baht per months
(Contd.)
Growth of mobile telephony services: Thailand
ALL USERS POST-PAID USERS PRE-PAID USERS
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Use maximum of 3 slides to present this data. You may talk about anything related to Thailand population, its mobile and internet usage
You may write-out-the-data, give infographics, give Tables and/or create Charts/Graphs
Exercise!!!