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Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement • People Movement • Largely single origin-destination • Urban Goods Movement • Largely “tours” consisting of many linked and usually clustered customer trips covering a day’s work. • To/From Cluster & Between Customers. • Customer often specifies time window for service Warehouse Customers

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Page 1: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement

Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement

• People Movement • Largely single origin-destination

• Urban Goods Movement• Largely “tours” consisting of many linked and usually clustered

customer trips covering a day’s work. • To/From Cluster & Between Customers.• Customer often specifies time window for service

• People Movement • Largely single origin-destination

• Urban Goods Movement• Largely “tours” consisting of many linked and usually clustered

customer trips covering a day’s work. • To/From Cluster & Between Customers.• Customer often specifies time window for service

Warehouse

Customers

Page 2: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

Objective of Pilot Test

• Characterize Manhattan Goods Movement Congestion By Time-of-Day (ToD)– Key aspect is “expected travel time” by location by ToD– Use normalized concept of “Average Speed” by Activity:

• Access to/from Manhattan• Travel between customers in Manhattan

– Receivers tend to be “buyers” of the goods• They substantially influence when the goods are delivered

• Implication:– Value pricing should be focused on the Receiver!!

• Place incentives on Receivers for off-peak receipts of goods!• Place dis-incentives on Receivers for peak hour receipt of goods!

Page 3: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

Quantifying ToD and Spatial Congestion

• Method:– Focused on using GPS to objectively measure the

performance of the of the urban freight system– Gather frequent (~ every 5 seconds) GPS

“Breadcrumb” data: ID, Position, Velocity, Date, Time– Analytically segregate customer stop activity from

movement activity• Must be done accurately:

– Congestion can look like a customer stop– A customer stop can look like congestion

Page 4: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

GPS Data System

• Zinc II WinMobile SmartPhone w T*Mobile cellular data com running CoPilot Live satNav software – Live updates every 5 seconds on web

• Easy data availability to research team, shipper and receiver

– Backup data archived every second on SmartPhone– Ability to send stop list and messages to driver– Relatively inexpensive

• $300 hardware, $50 software, $40/month short term data plan

Page 5: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

GPS Challenges in NY Met Area

• Worst “urban canyon” in US– Position can drift substantially (to parallel street)

• Severe congestion can look like drift– GPS is least accurate in speed and heading at low speeds

• No GPS in Tunnels• Substantial scatter and noise in both

position, speed and heading in:– GWB, especially lower level,– Under elevated transit and expressways

Page 6: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

Preliminary Results from Two Carrier

• Baldor Specialty Foods

• New Deal Logistics (NDL)

Page 7: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

Pilot Test:Remote Sensing of Off-Peak Deliveries:

Baldor Specialty Preliminary Results

5 Trucks from Nov 1 through Dec 2, 2009

Alain L. KornhauserDec 4, 2009

Page 8: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

Baldor Total (5 trucks)Nov 1 to

Dec 2, 2009Speed

Color-coded

<7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

<7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

Page 9: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

<7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

<7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

Baldor Truck #1120 Nov 1 to Dec 2, 2009Speed Color-coded

Page 10: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

Baldor Truck #1120Tour on 11/19/09 2:21:05 to 12:6:43

Segment Color-coded

Page 11: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

Baldor Truck #1120Tour on 11/19/09 2:21:05 to 12:6:43 Speed Color-coded

Average Speed 8.5 mph

<7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

<7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

Page 12: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

Baldor (5 Trucks) Nov 1 to Dec 2, 2009Speed Color-coded

<7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

<7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

1st & last trip segment fr/to Hunts Point•Connecticut: 33.4 mph•Long Island: 13.6 mph•New Jersey: 24.2 mph•Manhattan : 13.6 mph

1st & last trip segment fr/to Hunts Point•Connecticut: 33.4 mph•Long Island: 13.6 mph•New Jersey: 24.2 mph•Manhattan : 13.6 mph

Page 13: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

Baldor Truck #931 Nov 1 to Dec 2, 2009Speed Color-coded

<7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

<7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

Page 14: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

<7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

<7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

Baldor Truck #1040 Nov 1 to Dec 2, 2009Speed Color-coded

Page 15: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

Pilot Test:Remote Sensing of Off-Peak Deliveries:

New Deal Logistics Preliminary Results

Initial use of 4 CoPilot | Live SmartPhones from Oct 2 through Oct 14, 2009

Alain L. KornhauserOct 19, 2009

Page 16: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

NDL Total ; Speed Color-coded NDL Total ; Speed Color-coded

<7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

<7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

Page 17: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

NDL2; Speed:

<7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

<7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

Page 18: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

NDL2; Speed:

<7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

<7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

Page 19: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

NDL2; Speed:

<7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

<7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

Page 20: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

NDL1; Speed:

Page 21: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

NDL1; Speed:

Page 22: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

NDL1; Speed:

Page 23: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

NDL2; P&D Stops:

Page 24: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

NDL2; Speed:

Page 25: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

NDL2; P&D Stops: Kings Plaza

Page 26: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

Tour Stop Segments Lincoln 8AM

Oct 5, 2009

Page 27: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

Device ID Trip # GPS Points

#

Date(m/d/yr)

Start Time (h:m:s)

End Time (h:m:s)

Dist.(Miles)

Av. Speed(MPH)

Stop Duration

(Hrs)

NDL1 5 831 10/05/09 8:10:16 9:30:27 12.27 9.2 eod

<7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

<7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

Page 28: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

Tour Stop Segments – Lincoln 8AMOct 2, 2009

Page 29: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

Device ID Trip # GPS Points

#

Date(m/d/yr)

Start Time (h:m:s)

End Time (h:m:s)

Dist.(Miles)

Av. Speed(MPH)

Stop Duration

(Hrs)

NDL1 3 440 10/02/09 7:56:27 8:42:01 12.33 16.2 0.30

<7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

<7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

Page 30: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

Device ID Trip # GPS Points

#

Date(m/d/yr)

Start Time (h:m:s)

End Time (h:m:s)

Dist.(Miles)

Av. Speed(MPH)

Stop Duration

(Hrs)

NDL1 4 38 10/02/09 9:00:16 9:03:39 0.28 5.0 eod

<7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

<7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

Page 31: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

Tour Stop Segments – Lincoln 8AM - Wall St

Oct 7, 2009

Page 32: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

Device ID Trip # GPS Points

#

Date(m/d/yr)

Start Time (h:m:s)

End Time (h:m:s)

Dist.(Miles)

Av. Speed(MPH)

Stop Duration

(Hrs)

NDL1 7 405 10/07/09 8:17:01 8:53:24 12.97 21.4 0.19

<7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

<7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

Page 33: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

Device ID Trip # GPS Points

#

Date(m/d/yr)

Start Time (h:m:s)

End Time (h:m:s)

Dist.(Miles)

Av. Speed(MPH)

Stop Duration

(Hrs)

NDL1 8 405 10/07/09 9:04:55 9:36:04 4.96 9.6 eod

<7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

<7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

Page 34: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

Tour Stop Segments – Lincoln 8PM Oct 7, 2009

Page 35: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

Device ID Trip # GPS Points

#

Date(m/d/yr)

Start Time (h:m:s)

End Time (h:m:s)

Dist.(Miles)

Av. Speed(MPH)

Stop Duration

(Hrs)

NDL3 88 654 10/14/09 20:15:10 21:13:37 16.15 16.6 4.13

Page 36: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

Tour Stop Segments – Lincoln 5pmOct 13, 2009

Page 37: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

Device ID Trip # GPS Points

#

Date(m/d/yr)

Start Time (h:m:s)

End Time (h:m:s)

Dist.(Miles)

Av. Speed(MPH)

Stop Duration

(Hrs)

NDL1 15 986 10/13/09 17:53:45 19:25:59 16.8 10.9 eod

Page 38: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

Tour Stop Segments – GWB – 7AMOct 2, 2009

Page 39: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

Device ID Trip # GPS Points

#

Date(m/d/yr)

Start Time (h:m:s)

End Time (h:m:s)

Dist.(Miles)

Av. Speed(MPH)

Stop Duration

(Hrs)

NDL2 19 774 10/02/09 6:53:22 8:05:44 39.5 32.8 2.06

Page 40: Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely

Average Stop–Stop Speeds (MPH) by Time-of-Day for Major Tour Segments

Preliminary results from Pilot Test (Oct 2- Oct 14, 2009)

Tour Stop Segment Type

AM Peak (6am -9am)

MidDay (9am - 3pm)

PM Peak (3pm -7pm)

Overnight(7pm – 6am)

Jersey Depot – 1st Stop in Manhattan

11.8 NA 11.5 20.2

Intra- Manhattan stop

9.1 6.9 6.7 10.1

Stops Btwn Outer Boroughs

NA 10.3 15.2 NA

Jersey Depot – Outer Boroughs

30.4 26.2 20.8 NA

Intra NJ Stops 21.4 30.2 27.3 NA


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