Respiratory SystemChapter 7Functions & Structures

Term review-rrhea

Abnormal discharge-rrhagia

bleeding-ectomy

Surgical removal-otomy

surgical incision-ostomy

Surgical creation of an opening

Functions of the Respiratory SystemBring oxygen-rich air into the body for

delivery to the blood cellsExpel waste products (carbon dioxide and

water) that have been returned to the lungs by the blood

Produce the air flow through the larynx that makes speech possible

Structures of the Respiratory SystemUpper respiratory tract

Nose, mouth, pharynx, epiglottis, larynx, and trachea

Lower respiratory tractBronchial tree and lungsProtected by the thoracic cavity which

surrounds and protects all of the structures within the chest

Upper Respiratory tractNose

Nasal cavityNasal septumMucous membranesMucus CiliaOlfactory receptors

Tonsils Sinuses

Upper Respiratory tractPharynx

Carries both food and air3 divisions

Nasopharynx Oropharynx Laryngopharynx

Larynx Thyroid cartilage, commonly known as the

Adam’s apple, protects the larynxTrachea

Lower Respiratory tractBronchial tree

Bronchi Bronchioles

Lungs Lobes

Right lung has 3 lobes. Superior, Middle, and Inferior lobes.

Left lung has 2 lobes. Superior and Inferior.

Alveoli

Misc. Respiratory structuresMediastinumPleura

ParietalVisceral

Diaphragm muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from

the abdomenStimulated by the phrenic nerve

VentilationInhalation Exhalation

One ventilation = one inhalation & one exhalation

RespirationThe exchange of gases

External respirationOccurs within the lungs

Internal respirationOccurs within the cells

Medical Specialties Related to the Respiratory SystemOtolaryngologist

Otorhinolaryngologist Pulmonologist

Specialist in disorders of the lungs and associated tissues

Diagnostic ProceduresRespiratory Rate (RR)Pulmonary Function testsPhlegmSputum Bronchoscopy Laryngoscopy Spirometry

Diagnostic Procedures cont.TB testing

Tuberculin skin testing (TST)Mantoux methodPPD

Chest imagingChest x-rays