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    communication takes place in real time,these groups have a way to act and to

    pursue a vision,to complete specific

    objectives, to influence companies and

    other institutions etc.These channels, or

    instruments of online communicationare what enable us to use the Internetin a

    ever greater variety of contexts, making

    our communication increasingly more

    rich andinteractive. It is in this context

    we are now, platforms are increasinglymore accessible showingan increase in

    the convergence of functions, while at

    the same time online communication

    toolsare becoming more versatile andvaried. The Web has thus become a

    stage for dialogue andrelations whose

    size is growing at a rapid pace.

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    According to WolframAlpha

    32for a world population of 6.68 Billion

    only 1.393 Billion people usethe

    Internet. This means that the Internet has

    yet to reach its full potential in terms of

    users. Thiswill only happen when wesurpass a series of obstacles related to

    the access to

    communicationinfrastructures (such as

    satellite links and other physical

    communication networks) and to

    thenecessary platforms (computers,

    mobile phones and other devices to

    access the Internet andthe web) and once

    we apply efforts to increase the levels ofcomputer literacy.

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    In 2005, a study by the Pew Global

    Attitudes Survey found the rate of

    Internet penetration in theworld whosedata we can see the map of Figure 1.

    Figure 1-Rate of Internet penetration by

    country, depending on the results of the study

    by the Pew GlobalAttitudes Survey. Source:http://manyeyes.alphaworks.ibm.com/many

    eyes/visualizations/internet-penetration-by-

    country-2

    A careful analysis of the map makes itclear that the rate of Internet penetration

    is not uniform.While in North America,

    Europe and Oceania there is a noticeably

    higher penetration rate, the32

    http://www.wolframalpha.com/

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    same does not happen in the Africancontinent, South America and even Asia.

    This disparitymay be due to several

    factors, either by lack of infrastructure,

    or difficulties in obtaining

    accessplatforms (given their cost oravailability). But even if there is the

    possibility to access theInternet, this is

    not reflected in its use. For the Internet

    to be actuallyused there has to be

    somebasic knowledge of computer use,which is why it is so important to raise

    levels of computerliteracy in the world,

    in order to avoid a phenomenon of

    digital divide and information exclusion.

    However, according to the Pew /

    Internet Institute, using the internet is

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    not something limited toa single age

    group although it is dominated by the

    Gen Y, Gen X, Younger Boomers. Sincetheadults 18 to 32 years (Gen Y)

    comprise the largest share of users, and

    that the efforts toimprove the usability

    of platforms and communication

    channels are ever more present, we

    canextrapolate that the future use of the

    Internet is something that will be

    common to most agegroups.

    Figure 2 - Internet users divided by agegroups. Source: Pew / Internet - Generations

    Online in 2009

    To summarize, in this chapter wepresented what we consider to be The

    Internet and describedsome background

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    about how it works and on what are its

    elements

    33(Platforms, Instruments or33

    We have chosen these elements for being

    the ones described by Phillips and Young

    (2009) in an OnlinePR context.

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    Channels, Context and Content34) as a way to justify that the Internet is a

    stage for dialogue andrelations. In an

    overall view, this stage is still out of the

    reach of 80% of the world. Forthisreason we can only hope that its

    impact on our daily lives will become

    ever greater.

    34

    The concept of "content" will im ply the

    concept of Data and Information (see the

    description of theseelements in the

    beginning of this cha pter).

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    Public Communications Department

    The Department of Information and Public Communications has since independence deployed

    Information Officers to play the role of Public Relations Officers, propagate Governmentdevelopment agenda and handle media liaison function.

    However, with increased recognition of the role of communication in national development, the

    Government through a report prepared in January 2006, established that the mode ofdissemination of information to the publics had various shortcomings since the Government

    relied on fragmented traditional institutions to carry out this role. As a result the committee

    recommended the establishment of Public Communications Units replace the PROs functions inthe Government MDAs to enhance communications within and without Government.

    Functions of Public Communications Units in Ministries/Departments

    Public Communications Units are responsible for:

    Identifying significant Government events which require packaging of information for

    dissemination to the media and the public;

    Advising the Government on the best media practices which promote good Government

    relations; Organising for a where Government policies, programmes and projects can be propagated

    and promoted;

    Preparing and organizing media/press briefs on weekly or monthly basis;

    Preparing media supplements, documentaries, press releases, features;

    Advising ministries/Departments on matters of Public Communications and dissemination

    of information;

    Carrying out research on public opinion on specific sectoral areas in the Government and

    designing appropriate interventions to address the situation;

    Formulation of Ministerial Communications Strategies and designing of Ministrys

    communications structure;

    The Department of Public Communications is divided into two (2) divisions. They are:

    i. Public communications, and

    ii. Media Monitoring and Research