functional filter plug wrap paper for the control of the thermal … · 2019. 11. 1. · functional...

Functional Filter Plug Wrap Paper for the Control of the Thermal Energy of the Aerosol from Heated Tobacco ProductsM. Lindner1) and N. Leichsenring2)

1) TANNPAPIER GmbH Austria2) Hauni Maschinenbau GmbH Germany

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INTRODUCTION Heated tobacco products (HTPs): Aerosol formed by

evaporation and distillation with an electronic heating device (“Heat-not-Burn” products / “heat sticks”) Factory made cigarettes (FMCs): Traditionally

combustible filter cigarettes From an outer perspective, HTPs look like FMCs HTPs require filter wrapping materials:

− Thin and flexible sheets made of paper or alternative web substrates

− For a reliable product quality and specific technicalproperties

− Filter wrapping materials = Tipping Paper + filterplug wrap paper

24.09.2019 © TANNPAPIER GmbH: HTP Plug Wrap Paper 2

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FEATURES OF FILTER PLUG WRAP PAPER Low-substance paper fully enclosing the filter material

(e. g. cellulose acetate)

Provides the required roundness of the filter rod and the optimal shape of the filter plug

Available in non-porous form for online-laser perforated FMCs / HTPs or

with various permeability levels through natural pores for the combination with pre-perforated Tipping Paper

Located underneath the Tipping Paper = no direct access to the human lips and fingers

Interaction with the aerosol inside the filter?


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FUNCTIONAL INTERACTION WITH THE CONSUMER:TEMPERATURE REDUCTIONDevelopment of functional filter plug wrap paper = printed active substance with the purpose to lower the thermal energy of the HTPsmoke

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TEMPERATURE REDUCTION OF THE HTPAEROSOL – WHY?Commercially available HTPs heat the tobacco

rod up to 300°C – 400°C for nicotine release

HTPs are relatively short compared with FMCs:

−Low cooling rate of the smoke within the heat stick

−Uncomfortable perception during the puffing process


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TEMPERATURE REDUCTION OF THE HTPAEROSOL – HOW?Hollow paper tubes as part of the complex filter

construction (including cellulose acetate segments) of HTPs

High-grammage plug wrap paper (100 g / m²) coated with poly lactic acid (PLA)

Temperature measurement of the emitted aerosol

Correlation between the measured thermal absorption and calculations related to the heat capacity of polymers


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WHAT IS PLA?Biodegradable thermoplastic aliphatic

polyester from fermented plant starch

High-consumption volume bio-plastic

From amorphous glassy to semi-crystalline and highly crystalline polymers

Glass transition temperature: 60 – 65°C

Melting temperature: 180 – 220°C

Good heat absorptivity


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SAMPLE PREPARATION & TEST METHODPLA coated plug wrap paper machine-rolled

into tubes on a Hauni KDF 5RT

Insertion of 18 mm tube fragments into the HTP filter construction in alignment with cellulose acetate segments

Manufacturing of the heat sticks on a HauniPROTOS-M5

Measurement principle: −Temperature sensors introduced into the hollow

filter part


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EMBOSSED FILTER PLUG WRAP PAPERBasic principle: Web material is guided

between surface textured rollers embossing height = 15 µm – 50 µm depending on the base material

Embossing process: Related to physical principles = no chemical treatment of the paper substrate

Relief structure on the plug wrap paper increase of the effective area of the PLA coated surface = stronger contribution to the temperature reduction?


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THERMAL ABSORPTIONBased on the temperatures of HTPs, heat absorption processes are

mainly limited to regimes around and above the melting point of PLA

Heat capacity: 𝐶 = lim∆ → ∆∆ [𝐶] = J / K

∆𝑄 is the amount of heat energy that has to be transferred to or from an object in order to change its temperature ∆𝑇 by one unitHeat (energy) transfer: ∆𝑄 = 𝐶 · ∆𝑇 = 𝑐 · 𝑚 · ∆𝑇 𝑐 … specific heat capacity

(literature value = 2.1 J/gK)

Dulong-Petit law: = 3𝑅, = 3𝑘 𝑅… universal gas constant𝑘 … Boltzmann constant

Thermal absorption: ∆𝑸 = 𝟑𝒏𝑹 · ∆𝑻 = 𝟑𝑵𝒌𝑩 · ∆𝑻24.09.2019 © TANNPAPIER GmbH: HTP Plug Wrap Paper 10

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THERMAL ABSORPTIONEnthalpy of fusion (latent heat, “melting energy“): Change of the

enthalpy of a substance with the mass m during the full phasetransition from the solid to the liquid state upon heating

∆𝑄 = 𝐿 · 𝑚 𝐿 … specific melting heat (literature value = 115 J/g)

During the process of melting, the provided energy is absorbed without temperature change

Combination of all heat transfer equations to consider a substance that is being heated up from room temperature to a temperature above the melting point


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EXPERIMENTAL RESULTSSchematic puff sequence

for the temperatureanalysis

ISO shape puff profile, 35 cm³ puff volume, 2 sec. puff duration, 18 sec. between two puffs, in total 14 puffs within 300 sec., vents blocked

Average temperature level used for theoretical evaluations


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EXPERIMENTAL RESULTSOnly one HTP format investigated (short KS)

Only relative figures / percentage values shown to be“brand neutral“

I. Heat reduction inside the hollow filter section between the tobacco rod and acetate segment: Approx. 22% compared with uncoated plug wrap paper (last year approx. 30% with 25 mm PLA tube segments)

II. Heat reduction at the mouthend of the heat sticks: Approx. 22% no further impact from the last acetate part on the filter


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CALCULATION RESULTS 3 relevant regimes for the heat transfer from the aerosol to the PLA varnish:

1. Room temperature to melting point: ∆𝑄 = 𝑐 · 𝑚 · 𝑇 − 𝑇 = 𝟎, 𝟔𝟓 𝑱2. Melting process (enthalpy of fusion): ∆𝑄 = 𝐿 · 𝑚 = 𝟎, 𝟐𝟏 𝑱3. Melting point to HTP working temperature: ∆𝑄 = 3𝑁𝑘 · 𝑇 − 𝑇 = 𝟎, 𝟎𝟕 𝑱 Totally absorbed thermal energy: ∆𝑄 = ∆𝑄 + ∆𝑄 + ∆𝑄 = 0,93 𝐽 ≈ 𝟏 𝑱 Cross-check: Calculation of the temperature decrease of the aerosol collected

from 14 puffs

Result: Based on the measured aerosol temperature of the reference heat stick samples, 1 J energy transfer corresponds to approx. 19% heat reduction

Thoughts on heat capacity and phase transition effects confirmed to be a reasonable approach to explain thermal absorption by PLA


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EXPERIMENTAL RESULTSPLA coated plug wrap paper: Embossing versus

non-embossing

I. Inside the hollow filter section: Approx. 5%temperature increase of the embossed compared with the non-embossed plug wrap paper

II. At the mouthend: Approx. 4% temperature decrease of the embossed compared with the non-embossed plug wrap paper

Inconsistent results / unclear reason neglectableimpact from the embossing (no increase of the applied PLA amount)


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SUMMARY

Functional filter plug wrap paper to improve the sensory interaction with the consumer: Reduction of the aerosol temperature of HTPs Realized with PLA coated plug wrap paper Measured thermal absorption confirmed with

calculations from thermodynamics No significant contribution to the heat reduction

from embossed plug wrap paper

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THANK YOU FOR YOUR VALUABLE QUESTIONS & FEEDBACK!

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functional filter plug wrap paper for the control of the thermal … · 2019. 11. 1. · functional...

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