Fun with HistoryFun with HistorySt. AugustineSt. Augustine

Summer Youth CollegeSummer Youth College

20082008

Mrs. Caryn CuadraMrs. Caryn Cuadra

A Brief History of St. A Brief History of St. AugustineAugustine

► St. Augustine is the oldest, continuously St. Augustine is the oldest, continuously settled city established by Europeans in the settled city established by Europeans in the continental United States. It was founded by continental United States. It was founded by the Spanish in 1565.the Spanish in 1565.

► In In 15861586 St. Augustine was attacked and St. Augustine was attacked and burned by burned by Sir Francis DrakeSir Francis Drake. In . In 16681668 it was it was plundered by plundered by piratespirates and most of the and most of the inhabitants were killed. In inhabitants were killed. In 17021702 and and 17401740 it it was unsuccessfully attacked by British forces was unsuccessfully attacked by British forces from their new from their new coloniescolonies in the in the CarolinasCarolinas and and GeorgiaGeorgia. .

History…History…

► In In 17631763, the , the Treaty of ParisTreaty of Paris ended the ended the French and Indian WarFrench and Indian War and gave and gave FloridaFlorida and St. and St. Augustine to the British, an acquisition the Augustine to the British, an acquisition the British had been unable to take by force and British had been unable to take by force and keep due to the strong fort there. St. Augustine keep due to the strong fort there. St. Augustine came under British rule and served as a came under British rule and served as a LoyalistLoyalist colony during the colony during the American Revolutionary WarAmerican Revolutionary War. . The The Treaty of ParisTreaty of Paris in in 17831783 gave the American gave the American colonies north of Florida their independence, colonies north of Florida their independence, and ceded Florida to and ceded Florida to SpainSpain in recognition of in recognition of Spanish effortsSpanish efforts on behalf of the American on behalf of the American colonies during the war. colonies during the war.

History…History…

►Florida was under Spanish control Florida was under Spanish control again from again from 17841784 to to 18211821. In . In 18211821, the , the Adams-Adams-OnísOnís Treaty Treaty peaceably turned peaceably turned the Spanish colonies in Florida and, the Spanish colonies in Florida and, with them, St. Augustine, over to the with them, St. Augustine, over to the United States. United States.

►Florida was a Florida was a United States territoryUnited States territory until until 18451845 when it became a when it became a U.S. stateU.S. state..

From Flagler to FutureFrom Flagler to Future

► In the late 19th century the In the late 19th century the railroadrailroad came to town, and led by northeastern came to town, and led by northeastern industrialistindustrialist Henry FlaglerHenry Flagler, St. , St. Augustine became a winter Augustine became a winter resortresort for for the very wealthy. the very wealthy.

►The city is a popular The city is a popular touristtourist attraction attraction for a variety of reasons.for a variety of reasons.

Flagler CollegeFlagler College

► Flagler College was Flagler College was formerly Ponce De formerly Ponce De Leon Hotel built by Leon Hotel built by Henry Morrison Henry Morrison Flagler in the late Flagler in the late 1800s.1800s.

► It is a private 4-year It is a private 4-year liberal arts college.liberal arts college.

► Tours are available.Tours are available.

Castillo de San MarcosCastillo de San Marcos► The Castillo is a The Castillo is a masonrymasonry

star fortstar fort made of a stone made of a stone called "called "coquinacoquina", literally "little ", literally "little shells", made of ancient shells shells", made of ancient shells that have bonded together to that have bonded together to form a type of stone similar to form a type of stone similar to limestonelimestone. Workers were . Workers were brought in from brought in from HavanaHavana, , CubaCuba, , to construct the fort. The to construct the fort. The coquinacoquina was quarried from was quarried from Anastasia IslandAnastasia Island across the across the bay from the Castillo, and bay from the Castillo, and ferried across to the ferried across to the construction site. Construction construction site. Construction lasted twenty-three years, lasted twenty-three years, being completed in 1695. being completed in 1695.

Fort Mose SettlementFort Mose Settlement► Fort Mose (pronounced "Moh-Fort Mose (pronounced "Moh-

say") was the first free black say") was the first free black settlement legally sanctioned settlement legally sanctioned in what would become the in what would become the United StatesUnited States. The community . The community began when began when FloridaFlorida was a was a Spanish colonySpanish colony. The Colonial . The Colonial Governor, Manuel Montiano, Governor, Manuel Montiano, established the fortified town in established the fortified town in 17381738, where it became a haven , where it became a haven for escaped slaves from the for escaped slaves from the English coloniesEnglish colonies to the north. to the north. Because of this, it is considered Because of this, it is considered a precursor site of the a precursor site of the Underground RailroadUnderground Railroad. The . The military leader at the fort was a military leader at the fort was a man of African origin named man of African origin named Francisco MenendezFrancisco Menendez..

St. Augustine LighthouseSt. Augustine Lighthouse

► St. Augustine was the St. Augustine was the site of the first site of the first lighthouselighthouse established in established in FloridaFlorida by the new, by the new, territorial, American territorial, American Government in 1824. Government in 1824. According to some According to some archival records and archival records and maps, this "official" maps, this "official" American lighthouse was American lighthouse was placed on the site of an placed on the site of an earlier watchtower built earlier watchtower built by the by the SpanishSpanish as early as early as the late 16th century.as the late 16th century.

Oldest Wooden SchoolhouseOldest Wooden Schoolhouse► The The Oldest Wooden School Oldest Wooden School

HouseHouse is a wooden structure is a wooden structure near the city gates of near the city gates of St. Augustine, FloridaSt. Augustine, Florida. It is . It is reportedly the oldest wooden reportedly the oldest wooden school buildingschool building in the in the United StatesUnited States. The house is . The house is encircled by a large encircled by a large chainchain, , placed there in 1937, to help placed there in 1937, to help anchor it to the ground in case of anchor it to the ground in case of a a hurricanehurricane. The walls are made . The walls are made of bald cypress and red cedar of bald cypress and red cedar which are held together by which are held together by wooden pins and iron spikes but wooden pins and iron spikes but it has had recent maintenance it has had recent maintenance such as a new roof among other such as a new roof among other fixes. The building originally fixes. The building originally belonged to Juan Genoply. The belonged to Juan Genoply. The classroom was shared by both classroom was shared by both boys and girls, making it the first boys and girls, making it the first school in the nation to go "co-school in the nation to go "co-ed". ed".

What interests you about St. What interests you about St. Augustine?Augustine?

Goals of this classGoals of this class

►Learn about St. AugustineLearn about St. Augustine►Redesign the cityRedesign the city►Share what we’ve learned through Share what we’ve learned through

creating a brochure.creating a brochure.

►Pictures and information from Pictures and information from Wikipedia.Wikipedia.