fully meshed dynamically switched qkd metro network...alice1 bob1 bob2 alice2 sdn srv encryption...

1 High Performance Networks Group

Fully meshed dynamically switched

QKD Metro network

Dr. George T. KanellosProf. Reza Nejabati

Prof. Dimitra Simeonidou


Dynamic Optical Networking for the Metro/Edge

Need for:Ø High BandwidthØ Low LatencyØ Very Dynamic

Dynamic Optical Networkingfor metro/edge

Security?


Dynamic QKD networking

Enablers:q Shorter Reach (<20km) + Low loss OXC

• Compatibility with classical optical networks

• Fit dynamic networking scenariosAllow co-existence of classical-quantum channels

Overcome physical transmission and switching limitations

- unamplified classical channels (à no ASE)- lower power classical channels (à low crosstalk)- Reduced insertion losses- Negligible fiber non-linearities

q Advanced Management Schemes- SDN to decide and implement routing- Optimal Path Computation- Re-arrange wavelengths to minimize non-

linearities (FWM)


Dynamic QKD networking

1) Resource Usage Optimizationà sharing

2) Path optimization and DOS Attack mitigationà rerouting

* HPN, IEEE JLT December, 2017

*HPN, Invited IEEE-JOCN, 2019

Operational Advantages:


The Q-ROADMChallenge:

dynamic, flexible, simultaneous quantum and classical resource allocation

Our contribution:• Four-degree quantum- reconfigurable add/drop

multiplexer (ROADM) • Low loss ROADM design ( < 5.3dB loss for QKD channel)• Flexigrid classical channels routing• Any combination of classical and quantum channels on the

same port• Dynamically reconfigurable routing of quantum channels

• HPN, invited IEEE JLT, July 2019


6

Q1

VNF 12

...

VNF 1X

Compute Node

Data Encryptor/Decryptor A 1

VOYAGER

Corsa Switch De

Mux

AWG

WSS

BVT4BVT3BVT2BVT1

Island Proxy

ISLAND SDN Controller

Island Orchestrator

VLAN Trunk

VLAN Trunk

VIM Voyager

PluginOpenFlow

REST API

QKD

WSS

R2 R3 R4R1

5G Island 1

Optical FrontHaul

5G Island 2

VNF 22

...

VNF 2X

Compute Node

Data Encryptor/Decryptor A 2

VOYAGER

Corsa Switch De

Mux

AWG

WSS

BVT4BVT3BVT2BVT1

Island Proxy Island

Orchestrator

VLAN Trunk

VLAN Trunk

VIM

QKD

WSS

R2 R3 R4R1

ISLAND SDN ControllerVoyager Plugin

OpenFlow

REST API

Optical FrontHaul

Q1

Q2

WSS

WSS

WSSW

SS

WSS

BYPASS PORT

BYPASS PORT

BYPASS PORT

DROP PORTS

Q CL

DROP PORTS

QCL

DROP PORTS

QCL

DROP PORTS

QCL

q-ROADM

VNF 41

5G Island 4

WSS

VNF 42

...

VNF 4X

Compute Node

Data Encryptor/Decryptor

VOYAGER

Corsa Switch

BVT4BVT3BVT2BVT1

Island Proxy


VLAN Trunk

VLAN Trunk

VIMVoyager Plugin

OpenFlow

REST API

R3 R2 R1R4

B2DeM

uxAW

G

QKD

Island Orchestrator

Optical FrontHaul

BYPASS PORT

Optical Fibre SwitchEDFA

Multiple EDFA

OFS

Bandwidth Variable TransceiverBVTWSSWSS Wavelength Selective Switches

Dashed Components are not implemented

VNF 31

WSS VNF 32

...

VNF 3X

Compute Node

Data Encryptor/Decryptor

VOYAGER

Corsa Switch

BVT4BVT3BVT2BVT1

Island Proxy


VLAN Trunk

VLAN Trunk

VIMVoyager Plugin

OpenFlow

REST API

R3 R2 R1R4

B1DeM

uxAW

G

QKD

Island Orchestrator

5G Island 3

Optical FrontHaul


Demo2: Fully meshed dynamically switched QKD Metro network

IDQ CL2IDQ CL3

IDQ CL2IDQ CL3

IDQ CL2

IDQ CL21.9 km

1.2 km

2 km


Demo2: Fully meshed dynamically switched QKD Metro networkGOALS:1. Demonstrate Classical-Quantum Channel Co-Existence over Mesh Network

- 4x100G (QPSK) Unamplified Optical Channels- 1x Quantum Ch. (IDQ CL.2)- 2x optical switches

2. Demonstrate Q-Ch. Denial of Service Mitigation over Mesh Network- Quantum Channel Rerouted over Mesh Network- 3x optical switches

3. Demonstrate QKD Resource Usage Optimization using dynamic QKD switching- 2x QKD pairs à 4x QKD links

4. Software Defined Control plane:- Monitor the q-channel- rerouting


Demo 2 Scenario Step 0 Step 1 Step 2

§ 2 Secure Links established§ WTC-HPN§ 1CS-NSQI§ Co-existence in WTC-HPN

§ DOS Attack and mitigation§ WTC-HPN link co-existing

channels violate Q-Ch§ SDN controller reroutes Q-ch§ Q-ch new path through 3 switches

§ Establish 2 new Secure links§ WTC-NSQI§ 1CS-HPN


Demo 2 - Step 0Step 0 Flowchart:

User defines 2 Secure LinksWTC-HPN (Co-exist)

1CS-NSQI

DOS Attack:Co-exist Cl-Ch. Shifts w/l close

to Q-ch

Q-ch error msg:Final key size=0

Secure Link 1 interrupted


Step 0 Actual Network topology WTC

HPN

NSQI

1CSBS

Data link 1: WTC-HPNQ1Data link 2: 1CS-NSQIQ2


Video step 0

Side channel attack

Secure Link interrupted Final Key Size=0

200G BVT SWITCH WTC DB TRANSFER HPN (CL2 BOB1)

NSQI (CL2 BOB2)1CS DB TRANFER


Demo 2 Step 1Phase 1 Flowchart:

SDN controller detects Attack(msg: Final Key Size=0)

SDN Controller defines Q-chrerouting through NSQI-HPN

Cl-Ch remains unaffetced

SDN Controller Switches OXC1/OXC3à establish WTC-

NSQI for Q-chOXC3/OXC4 à establish NSQI-

HPN for Q-ch

Key Points:Secure Link 1 re-established


Step 1 Actual Network topology Data link 1: WTC-HPNQ1: WTC-NSQI-HPNData link 2: 1CS-NSQIQ2

WTC

HPN

NSQI

1CSBS

OXC1

OXC4

OXC3

OXC2

Alice1

Bob1

Bob2

Alice2

SDNSRV

EncryptionSRV1

EncryptionSRV4

EncryptionSRV3

EncryptionSRV2

C)


Video phase 1

WTC DB TRANSFER HPN (CL2 BOB1)


NSQI OXC

HPN OXC

WTC OXC

Secure Link still interrupted

Successful Key GenerationSecure Link re-initiated

Secure Link 2 Remains unaffected


Demo 2 Step 2Phase 2 Flowchart:

User defines new Secure Links

SDN Controller Switches OXC2/OXC4 à 1CS-HPN (Green)

SDN Controller Switches OXC3 à WTC-NSQI (Yellow)

Key Points:

2 New Secure Links established


Step 2 Actual Network topology Data link 3: WTC-NSQIQ3Data link 4: 1CS-HPNQ4

WTC

HPN

NSQI

1CSBS


Video phase 2WTC DB TRANSFER HPN (CL2 BOB1)


NSQI OXC

HPN OXC

WTC OXC



Secure Link 3 initialization

Secure Link 4 initializationSecure Link 3 initiated

Secure Link 4 initiated

SKR=3kB/s

SKR=1kB/s


Summary

q First public, field-deployed QKD switched mesh network

q Optical switch in each node

q Co-existence capabilities


Acknowledgements

Mr Anderson Bravalheri

Dr. Emilio Hugues Salas

Dr Rodrigo Stange Tessinari

Dr Djeylan Aktas Mr Richard Collins

High Performance Networks Group

fully meshed dynamically switched qkd metro network...alice1 bob1 bob2 alice2 sdn srv encryption...

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