PROJECT REPORTPROJECT REPORT

FUEL INJECTION SYSTEMFUEL INJECTION SYSTEMOF DIESEL ENGINESOF DIESEL ENGINES

PROJECT GUIDE : PROJECT GUIDE : Mrs. PRATIBHA KUMARIMrs. PRATIBHA KUMARI

PRESENTED BYPRESENTED BYMohd.ShoebMohd.Shoeb

Anupam MunjalAnupam MunjalRadhika YadavRadhika Yadav

AIMAIM

To prepare a working model of:To prepare a working model of:

FUEL INJECTION SYSTEMFUEL INJECTION SYSTEM

OF DIESEL ENGINEOF DIESEL ENGINE

NEED AND SCOPENEED AND SCOPE

To provide a working model To provide a working model ofof

FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM FOR DIESEL ENGINEFOR DIESEL ENGINE

for the automobile lab of for the automobile lab of mechanical engineering mechanical engineering

department,KIET.department,KIET.

This model will help the This model will help the students to gain a practical students to gain a practical

knowledge about actual knowledge about actual working process of a fuel working process of a fuel injection system in diesel injection system in diesel

engine.engine.

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

THE INJECTION SYSTEM IN DIESELTHE INJECTION SYSTEM IN DIESEL ENGINES CAN BE OF TWO TYPES:ENGINES CAN BE OF TWO TYPES: 1. AIR INJECTION.1. AIR INJECTION. 2. AIRLESS INJECTION.2. AIRLESS INJECTION. IN IN AIR INJECTION SYSTEMAIR INJECTION SYSTEM THE DIESEL IS THE DIESEL IS

INJECTED ALONG WITH THE COMPRESSED INJECTED ALONG WITH THE COMPRESSED AIR WHEREAS INAIR WHEREAS IN

AIRLESS INJECTION SYSTEMAIRLESS INJECTION SYSTEM ONLY ONLY THE LIQUID DIESEL IS INJECTED INTOTHE LIQUID DIESEL IS INJECTED INTO THE CYLINDER.THE CYLINDER.

MAIN COMPONENTSMAIN COMPONENTS

THE MAIN COMPONENTS USED IN THETHE MAIN COMPONENTS USED IN THE MODEL ARE:MODEL ARE: FUEL TANKFUEL TANK FEED VALVEFEED VALVE PLUNGER TYPE PUMPPLUNGER TYPE PUMP PRESSURE GUAGEPRESSURE GUAGE FUEL INJECTORFUEL INJECTOR NOZZLENOZZLE

BLOCK DIAGRAMBLOCK DIAGRAM

FUELTANK

FUELPUMP

FEED VALVE

PRESSUREGUAGE

PLUNGER TYPE

NOZZLE

FUEL SPRAY

INTO

CYLINDER

FUEL TANKFUEL TANK

FillingFilling

Storage of fuelStorage of fuel

GaugingGauging

VentingVenting

Feed of engineFeed of engine

Maruti 800Maruti 800 28 28 litersliters

Skoda Skoda lauralaura

55 55 litersliters

Mercedes Mercedes c-classc-class

62 62 litersliters

Tata indicaTata indica 37 37 litersliters

FUEL TANK CAPACITYFUEL TANK CAPACITY

FUEL INJECTION PUMPFUEL INJECTION PUMP

A FUEL INJECTION PUMP IS USED TOA FUEL INJECTION PUMP IS USED TO

TO SUPPLY PRECISELY METERED TO SUPPLY PRECISELY METERED QUANTITY OF DIESEL UNDER HIGH QUANTITY OF DIESEL UNDER HIGH

PRESSURE TO THE INJECTORS AT WELL PRESSURE TO THE INJECTORS AT WELL TIMED INSTANTS. TIMED INSTANTS.

TYPES OF FUEL INJECTION TYPES OF FUEL INJECTION PUMPSPUMPS

1.VARIABLE SPILL AND VARIABLE 1.VARIABLE SPILL AND VARIABLE STOKE TYPESSTOKE TYPES

2.SINGLE CYLINDER(PLUNGER) AND 2.SINGLE CYLINDER(PLUNGER) AND MULTI CYLINDER(PLUNGER) TYPESMULTI CYLINDER(PLUNGER) TYPES3.JERK PUMP TYPE AND DISTRIBUTOR 3.JERK PUMP TYPE AND DISTRIBUTOR TYPETYPE4.CAM OPERATED IN LINE PLUNGER 4.CAM OPERATED IN LINE PLUNGER

TYPE AND ROTARY DISTRIBUTOR TYPE AND ROTARY DISTRIBUTOR TYPETYPE

FUEL INJECTION PUMPFUEL INJECTION PUMP

FUEL INJECTION PUMPFUEL INJECTION PUMP(MULTI CYLINDER)(MULTI CYLINDER)

(courtesy of “www.alibaba.com”)(courtesy of “www.alibaba.com”)

FUEL INJECTORFUEL INJECTOR

A FUEL INJECTOR IS USED TO INJECT A FUEL INJECTOR IS USED TO INJECT THE FUEL IN THE CYLINDER IN ATOMISED THE FUEL IN THE CYLINDER IN ATOMISED FORM AND IN PROPER QUANTITY. FUEL FORM AND IN PROPER QUANTITY. FUEL INJECTORS ARE AVAILABLE IN SEVERAL INJECTORS ARE AVAILABLE IN SEVERAL DESIGNS.MAIN COMPONENTS OF FUEL DESIGNS.MAIN COMPONENTS OF FUEL INJECTORS ARE : NOZZLE INJECTORS ARE : NOZZLE

VALVEVALVE BODYBODY SPRING SPRING The nozzle is its main part which is The nozzle is its main part which is

attached to the nozzle holder. Entry of fuel in attached to the nozzle holder. Entry of fuel in the injector is from the fuel injection pump. the injector is from the fuel injection pump.

FUEL INJECTION FUEL INJECTION LOCATIONLOCATION

FIRING FUEL INJECTORFIRING FUEL INJECTOR

SOME FUEL INJECTORSSOME FUEL INJECTORS

MATERIALSMATERIALS

Fuel tank is made of cast iron and alloy Fuel tank is made of cast iron and alloy steelsteel

Fuel tank is made of plastics or zinc Fuel tank is made of plastics or zinc nickel plated steelnickel plated steel

Main body of fuel injector is made of Main body of fuel injector is made of cast iron and plunger is made of zirconiacast iron and plunger is made of zirconia

INJECTION NOZZLESINJECTION NOZZLES

The nozzle is the main part of injector The nozzle is the main part of injector which is attached to the nozzle holder. which is attached to the nozzle holder.

There are two types of nozzle:There are two types of nozzle: 1. Closed 1. Closed 2. Open 2. Open

The distinction being according to whether The distinction being according to whether the injection pressure is controlled by a the injection pressure is controlled by a spring loaded needle valve or whether spring loaded needle valve or whether valve is dispensed with. Open nozzles valve is dispensed with. Open nozzles

are not much used these days.are not much used these days.

TYPES OF NOZZLETYPES OF NOZZLE

The closed type injection nozzles may The closed type injection nozzles may be classified into following types:be classified into following types:

1.1. Hole type: single hole type and multiple Hole type: single hole type and multiple hole typehole type

2.2. Pintle typePintle type

3.3. Pintaux typePintaux type

4.4. Long stem typeLong stem type

5.5. Delayed action typeDelayed action type

6.6. Throttle typeThrottle type

INJECTION NOZZLESINJECTION NOZZLES

VCOVCO FUEL INJECTION FUEL INJECTION NOZZLENOZZLE

DHANYAWAADDHANYAWAAD