UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF T H E INTERIOR ST A T E :

Form 10-300 (Rev. 6-72) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE West Virginia

N A T I O N A L REGISTER Q F HISTORIC P L A C E S Jefferson INVENTORY - NOMINATION F O R M

f T v ~ e a l l e n t r i e s - complete applicable sections) t 1 --

COMMON:

Elmood AND/OR HISTORIC: - - -- ---+

F 1 n Entertainment Museum Scienti f ic I

1 ' - - _C ..A. .

[i LOCATION I - S T R E E T A N O NUMBER: 2.4 rniles south of Shepherdstown on W.Va. County Route 17

(Flowing Springs Road) and . 3 west of 17 - C I T Y OR TOWN: CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT:

Shepherdstown 2nd. Congressional District

Dr. Oscar C. Stine t-t 4

w S T R E E T AND NUMBER: r?

C u.

S T A T E COUNTY:

West Virginia 4 Jefferson

u I Route 1

C O D E

037

I She~herdstown I west Virginia (541 kl r.

Jefferson County Courthouse m z ST-REET A N D NUMBER: m i

$ 2 , V)

C I T Y OR TOWN: S T A T E COOE O 1

Charles Town West Virginia 54 ,

t3. , CLASS! FICATiOM 2

Historic American Buildings Survey i n

D A T E O F S U R V E Y : 1937 -4 on Federal State 0 County Cj L o c a l z

DEPOSITORY FOR SURVEY RECORDS: C I m

Division of Prints and Photographs S T R E E T A N D NUMBER:

ACCESSIBLE TO T H E P U B L I C

Yes: Restr icted

Unrestr icted

@ No

Library of Cong C I T Y OR TOWN:

istrict of Columbia Washington m

STATUS

a Occupied

Unoccupied

0 Preservation work

i n progress

u 3

E L

IA

Z

0 - k

P R E 2 S T USE (Check One or More as Appropriate)

0 Agricultural Government C] Park C] Transportation C] Comments

Commercial Industr ial a Privote Residence Other (Specify)

C] Educational Mi l i tary Religious

CATEGORY (Check One)

D is t r i c t 45 Building

0 Site structure

Cj Obiect

OWNERSHIP

Publ ic

P1] Private

Both

Publ ic Acquisit ion:

I n Process

Being Considered

a Excellent a G o d 0 Fair 0 Deteriorated Ruins Unexposed CONDITION --

(Check One) (Check One)

a Altered Unaltered n Moved a Original Site

) E S C R I e E T H E P R E S E N T A N D O R I G I N A L (ffknown) P H Y S I C A L A P P E A R A N C E .

Elmood is a two-story F e d e r a l b r i c k s t r u c t u r e with a n a t t i c , s t o n e foundation, and basement.

There i s a chimney on bo th t h e no r the rn and southern gabled ends. The jo in ing f l u e s on t h e no r the rn chimney account f o r t h e cur ious niche i n i t s sou the rn s i d e . Both chimneys have modern concre te caps.

The window frames a r e of heavy r o l l e d wood and a r e molded i n t h e l a t e 18th Century manner w i th pinned corners ; however, t he f r o n t doorway i s of Greek Revival s t y l e with o v e r - l i g h t s , s i d e l i g h t s , and a Doric po r t i co added around 1840. The nine windows on t h e e a s t e r n facing f r o n t a r e a r ranged symmetr ical ly around the door. The windows a r e double hung wi th 8/12 l i g h t s on t h e second f l o o r and 12/12 l i g h t s on t h e f i r s t f l o o r . A t each gabled end of t h e house a r e two smal l double hung windows with 2/4 l i g h t s . There i s a f i r s t f l o o r d in ing room door on t h e southern s i d e .

There a r e t h r e e second f l o o r windows on the western s i d e and a lower window a t t h e s t a i r landing. O r i g i n a l l y , t h e r e were four windows and a door on t h e f i r s t f l o o r . P r e s e n t l y , t h e r e i s a one-story modern k i t c h e n a d d i t i o n on t h i s wes tern s i d e .

The house i s of Flemish bond brickwork wi th glazed b l ack headers on t h e northern and sou the rn s i d e s only.

There i s a co rn i ce wi th a crown molding on both e a s t e r n and western eaves; a Greek-key molding i s on t h e e a s t e r n co rn i ce only.

P E R I O D (check One or M o r a as Appropriate)

Pre-Columbion i c7 16th C e n t u r y lx 18th C e n t u r y ! / 2 0 t h C e n t u r y

n 15th Century u 17th C e n t u r y 1 9 t h C e n t u r y

- S P E C I F I C D A T E I S ) (11 ~ p p ~ i c s b l e ~ n d Known) 1797 ( b u i I t) 4 R E A S O F S I G N ~ F I C A N C E (Check One or More as Appropr le le )

7

Abar lglnol 17 E d u c o t ~ a , CI] Polet,col U r b a n P l a n n ~ n ~

P r e h ~ s t o r l c (7 E n g ~ n e e r ~ n ~ 7-J R e l ~ g ~ o n P h t - jI;1 O t h e r (Spectfy)

J H i s t o r ~ c I n d u s t r y l o s o p h y !-J Agriculture l n v e n t ~ a n [J S c ~ e n c e a Arch1 t e c t u r e a L a n d s c a p e Cj S c u l p t u r e (7 Ar t A r c h ~ t e c v u r e 0 Soctal H u m a n -

C o m m e r c e 0 L t t e r o t u r e l t o r ~ a n

- - (7 C o m m u n ~ c o t ~ o n s M t l t t a r l U T h e a t e r 0 C o n s e r v a t ~ o n r M U S I C 7 T r o n s p o r ~ o t t o n

T A T E M E N T O F S I G N I F I C A N C E

Elmwood i s h i s t o r i c a l l y s i g n i f i c a n t because i t i s l o c a t e d on l and claimed i n 1732 by Edward Lucas 11, one o f t h e Shenandoah V a l l e y ' s f i r s t s e t t l e r s . I t was b u i l t by t h e Revolu t ionary s o l d i e r Edward Lucas 111, and was used a s a h o s p i t a l d u r i n g t h e C i v i l War.

I n 1732, Edward Lucas I1 came t o t h e V a l l e y from Bucks County, Pennsylvania . T h i s d a t e i s e v i d e n t by t h e engrav ings on a boundary s t o n e n e a r Elmwood. Because o f a law s u i t between Jacob H i t e and Lord F a i r f a x , Lucas d i d n o t g a i n f u l l ownership o f t h e land u n t i l 1760; t h e r e f o r e , h e d i d n o t b u i l d a permanent home. I n 1797 h i s son , Edward Lucas 111 b u i l t Elmwood.

The b u i l d e r of t h i s m a g n i f i c e n t home had a v e r y i n t e r e s t i n g m i l i t a r y c a r e e r . According t o h i s f a m i l y , he v o l u n t e e r e d a t F o r t Cumberland w i t h D a n i e l Cressops s h o r t l y a f t e r Braddock ' s d e f e a t . L a t e r he was wounded a t L a u r e l H i l l , (West) V i r g i n i a . I n J u l y 1775, he s e t o u t from Shepherdstown w i t h C a p t a i n Hugh Stephenson f o r t h e s ix -hundred m i l e march i n o r d e r t o j o i n Washington i n Boston. I n t h e f a l l o f 1776, C a p t a i n Wil l iam Morgan r e c r u i t e d a company o f v o l u n t e e r s t o r e i n f o r c e Washington 's army a t Morristown, New J e r s e y . Lucas reached t h e rank o f second l i e u t e n a n t ; h i s commission was s i g n e d on February 25 , 1777, by Genera l George Washington 's own hand!

E l i z a b e t h Edwards was t h e b r i d e o f Edward 111. They had e l e v e n c h i l d r e n , bu t o n l y s i x o f them rcached m a t u r i t y . O r t h e i n f a n t sons, who d i e d , two were named Edward. Obviously , t h e p a r e n t s wanted t o keep t h e name i n t h e fami ly b u t were a f r a i d t o name a n o t h e r son Edward. When t h e n e x t c h i l d was born , t h e y d i d t h e c l o s e s t t h i n g t h e y cou ld by g i v i n g him t h e m o t h e r ' s maiden name, Edwards. Edwards (sometimes r e f e r r e d t o a s Edward IV) was abou t f o u r t e e n when h i s f a t h e r b u i l t Elmwood. When Edward III d i e d , h e l e f t Elmwood t o h i s s o n w i t h t h e s t i p u l a t i o n t h a t E l i z a b e t h be g i v e n a home.

Edwards' son, Rober t , was t h e n e x t t o i n h e r i t Elmwood. He r e c e i v e d h i s medical c e r t i f i c a t e s from t h e U n i v e r s i t y o f Penn- s y l v a n i a . Upon g r a d u a t i o n he m a r r i e d C a t h e r i n e Shepherd, descen- dan t o f t h e town ' s founder . The w e l l - l i k e d " D r . Eob" chose t o farm t h e land and n o t p r a c t i c e medicine . I n a l e t t e r from D.W. S p e e r , d a t e d March 1883, Rober t Lucas donated h i s s e r v i c e s a s a p h y s i c i a n d u r i n g t h e War Between t h e S t a t e s and a l lowed Elmwood t o be used a s a n army h o s p i t a l .

Form 10-3000 UNIT ED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR (July 1969) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE West V i r g i n i a

NATIONAL REGISTER O F HISTORIC PLACES J e f f e r s o n

IHVENTOIZY - NOlAlNAYlON FORM FOR NPS USE ONLY

E N T R Y NUMBER D A T E (Continuation Sheet)

L- I (Number all entrlee)

8. SIGNIFICANCE (Continued)

Although the re were temporary i n t e r r u p t i o n s , t h e Lucases occupied t h e b e a u t i f u l b r i c k mansion c a l l e d Elmwood u n t i l 1948 when it was bought by D r . Oscar C . S t i n e .

G P O 9 2 1 - 7 2 1

?* MAJOR OlBLfOGRAPHfCAt REFERENCES -.

"Elmood." Magazine of the J e f f e r s o n County H i s t o r i c a l Soc ie ty , December 1949, pp. 5-11

10. GEOGRAPHICAL DATA - - > E C O O R O I N A T X $ 1 L A T I T U D E A N D L O N G I T U D E C O O R D I N A T E S

D E F I N I N G A R E C T A N G L E L O C A T I N G T H E P R O P E R T Y

L T l T U P E A N C LONGIT 'JC D E F I N I N G T l i r C L S T E R P O I N T O F A

- O F L E S S T H A N E " ' --' --- C O R N E R L A T I T U D E L O N G I T U D E

Degrees Minutes Seconds Degrees Minutes Seconds

N W 0 .) 0

- - L A T I T U D E L O N G 1 T U D E

Degrees Minutes Seconds Degrees Minutes Seconds

39 O 23 * 56 77 48 ' 54 " N E 0

S E 0 : I : I 1 18/257582 I 4 3 b q ~ 3 8 Q t 0 -- - .- L. -

A P ~ ~ O X I U A T E A C R E A G E OF NOMINATED P R O P E R T Y : 1/4 a c r e .[LIST ALL S T A T E S AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING S T A T E OR COUNTY BOUNDARIES

S T A T E : C O D E C O U N T Y C O D E

S T A T E : - p G F I

C O U N T Y : C O D E

S T A T E : C O D E C O U N T Y : C O D E

S T A T E : C O D E C O U N T Y : ' C O D E 3

I I I - I 1. FORM PREPARED BY

Ted McGee, F i e l d Agent o R G A N 1 Z A T I O N D A T E

West V i r g i n i a A n t i q u i t i e s Commission I March 9, 1973 S T R E E T A N D N U M B E R :

Old Mountainlair , West V i r g i n i a Uni .. C I T Y O R TOWN: S '

v e r s i t y T A T E C O D E

West V i r g i n i a 26506 1 -54 IPATiONAL. REGfSTER VERIFFCATION

I Morgantown I 2. STATE LlAfSON OFF1CER C ~ R T I F ~ C A ~ ' I D N

I ll As the designated State Liaison Officer for the Na-

t ional Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law

89-665). I hereby nominate th i s property for inclusion

i n the National Register and certify that i t h a s been

evaluated according to the c-iteria and procedures s e t

forth by the National Park Se rvxe . The recommended

level of significance of this nomination is:

National State 0 Local a E(.

I hereby certify that th is property is included in the

National Register.

- Director, Office of Archeology end Historic Preservation

Cn t e

ATTEST: I Name I1

Maurice G. Brooks

Ti t l e S t a t e H i s t o r i c P re se rva t ion I Keeper of The National Register

( Date. M~~ 30, 1973 1 Ijate

G P O 931-89

f9 . MAJOR BlBLlOGRAPHlCAC REFERENCES s "Elmood." Magazine of the Jefferson County Historical Society, December --

1949, pp. 5-11

I

110. G E O G R A P H I C A L D A T A L ~ T I T U P E A N C L @ N G l T J D E C O O R D I N A T E $ I L A T I T U D E A N D L O N G I T U D E C O O R D I N A T E S i O ~ E F I N I N G - ~ L CL?.TI;R P O I N T O F A 7 r t O P E R T Y

R OF-&ESS T H A N p A C R E S - ---- ( D E F I N I N G A R E C T A N G L E L O C A T I N G T H E P R O n F P T Y

I C O R N E R ~ L A T I T U D E I L O N G I T ~ O E - - I L A T I T U D E I L O N G 1 T U D E

Degrees Minutes Seconds Degrees Minutes Seconds

0 0

0

A P P R O X I M A T E A C R E A G E O F N O M I N A T E D P R O P E R T Y :

Degrees Minutes Seconds

39 0 2 3 *44.04- Degrees Minutes Seconds

77 o 48 * 5 4 -

-- .

1/4 acre [ L I S T A L L S T A T E S A N D C O U N T I E S F O R P R O P E R T I E S O V E R L A P P I N G S T A T E O R C O U N T Y a O U N D A R l E 5 -.

I I

bf. FORM PREPARED BY I I

N A M E A N D T I T L E .

- --

S T A T E

S T A T E :

S T A T E .

C O D E S T A T E :

West Virginia Antiquities Commission I March 9, 1973 S T R E E T A N D N U M B E R :

C O D E

C O D E

C O D E

Ted McGee, Field Agent

Old Mountainlair, West Virginia U C I T Y O R TOWN:

C O D E

o R G A N I Z A T I O N

C O U N T Y

C O U N T Y .

C O U N T Y :

C O U N T Y :

D A T E

West Virginia 26506 5 4 N A T I O N A L REGISTER V E R l f ICAT lON

C O D E

C O D E

C O D E

versitv

I Morgantown 112. STATE L I A ~ S O N OFFICER C ~ R T I F I C A I ION

T A T E

A s the des igna ted S ta te L i a i s o n Officer for the Na-

t lona l His tor ic Preserva t ion Act of 1966 ( P u b l i c L a w

89-665). I hereby nominate t h i s property for inc lus ion

i n t h e Nat iona l R e g i s t e r and cert ify that i t h a s b e e n

pva lua ted a c c o r d h e to t h e c-i ter ia and proceckres s e t

forth by the National P a r k Servrce. T h e recommended

l e v e l of s ign i f icance of t h ~ s nomlnatlon is:

National S ta te 2 F:

C O D E

I hereby cer t i fy that t h i s property 1s included in the

Nat iona l R e g i s t e r

Director, Of f ice o f Archeology and Historic Preservation

G.*?e

ATTEST:

Maur'ce G. Brooks i T i t l e state' Historic Preservation

Officer K e e p e r of The National Register

D a t e Mnv 30, 1973 D a t e

G P O 9 3 1 - H 9