March 20062006-03 WWF4-Mexico 1

44thth World Water ForumWorld Water ForumMexico CityMexico City

FT3.52 Appropriate O&M of WSSF

FT3.52FT3.52 Appropriate O&M of WSSF

Dr. Visoth CHEAAssistant General Director

Phnom Penh Water Supply Authority (PPWSA), Cambodiachea@ppwsa.com.kh

Phnom Penh’s ExperiencePhnom Penh’s Experience

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Sap River

Sap RiverBasacBasac River

River

Land: Land: 181,035 km181,035 km22

Population: Population: 13 millions13 millions

Mekong R

iverM

ekong River

375 km2375 km375 km22

1.3 Million1.3 Million1.3 Million

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19931993--Over staff, not qualified, 22/1,000 connections Over staff, not qualified, 22/1,000 connections --Low salary, self interest, low disciplineLow salary, self interest, low discipline--Very poor service, no clean water, 2m, <10 hr/dayVery poor service, no clean water, 2m, <10 hr/day--High NRW 72%, 1,945 public underground tanks High NRW 72%, 1,945 public underground tanks --Very low willingness to pay, Very low willingness to pay,

collection <50% of 26,800 billcollection <50% of 26,800 bill--Heavy subsidy, >50% of operation cost Heavy subsidy, >50% of operation cost --No maintenance, no investmentNo maintenance, no investment

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OpportunitiesOpportunities--Different International Assistances: Different International Assistances:

Japan, France, UNDPJapan, France, UNDP--Loans available from WB, ADBLoans available from WB, ADB--New LeaderNew Leader

Need to Change or Die !Need to Change or Die !Need to Change or Die !1.Policy:1.Policy:

from from Gov. SubsidyGov. Subsidy to to Full Cost RecoveryFull Cost Recovery

2.Operator:2.Operator:from from By ChanceBy Chance to to EffectiveEffective O&MO&M

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Since 2000-Service extension-Social responsiveness-Quality of service

Since 2000Since 2000--Service extensionService extension--Social responsivenessSocial responsiveness--Quality of serviceQuality of service

65.000m3/d65.000m65.000m33/d/d

20.000m3/d20.000m20.000m33/d/d

150.000m3/d150.000m150.000m33/d/d

19931993--19961996--Prepare for AutonomyPrepare for Autonomy--Rehabilitation PeriodRehabilitation Period--Autonomous in Dec. 1996Autonomous in Dec. 1996--Accountable Tariff in 1997Accountable Tariff in 1997

Block Tariff (m3/month) (Riels/m3)

0 - 7 5508 - 15 77016 - 50 1,010> 50 1,270

flat rate 1,0300 - 100 950101 - 200 1,150201 - 500 1,350> 500 1,450

Domestic

Administrative

CommercialsIndustrials

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PPWSA’s Ownership

Strong Leadership Strong Leadership ExsampleExsample from the Topfrom the TopCommitment to Improve Commitment to Improve Effective ManagementEffective ManagementEffective Investment Effective Investment

on Hardwareon Hardwareon Softwareon Software

Board of Directors

General Director

Assist. General Director

Secretariat

Deputy General Director

Commercial Department

• House Connection

• Customers Relation

• Revenue District• Computer Center

Inspections

Admini.+HRDepartment

• Administration• Human

Resource• Protocol

Account.+Finan.Department

• Accounting • Finance

Planning + Tech. Department

• Planning • Design• Project Mgnt.

Production Department

• DistibutionPipes

• DistibutionMgnt.

• Production

Deputy General Director Deputy General Director

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PPWSA’s Ownership …

Effective O & MEffective O & MMaximum Billing Maximum Billing –– Computerized Customers Management Computerized Customers Management

& Billing System & Billing System –– Surveying & Updating Customers File Surveying & Updating Customers File –– Proper Water Meter ReadingProper Water Meter Reading

Maximum CollectionMaximum Collection–– Disconnection of Late Payment Disconnection of Late Payment –– Dept monitoringDept monitoring

Maximize NRWMaximize NRW–– 24hrs Leak Repair Team 24hrs Leak Repair Team –– Active Detection of Leak & Illegal Use Active Detection of Leak & Illegal Use –– Regular Meters Maintenance & ReplacementRegular Meters Maintenance & Replacement

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Decreasing NRWMaximum Billing RatioDecreasing NRWDecreasing NRWMaximum Billing RatioMaximum Billing Ratio

28

72

38

62

50

6070

59

97.2

57.8

97.9

58.1

98.9

48.5

99.5

35.5

99.6

22.9

99.7

21.5

99.8

17

99.9

14.1

100

11

'93 '94 '95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05

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The The DifferencesDifferences

200%200%

65,00065,000mm33/d/d

25%25%

10hr/d10hr/d2 m2 m

26,88126,881

72%72%

48%48%12%12%

280km 280km (old)(old)

1993

28%28%

235,000m235,000m33/d/d

95%95%

24hr/d24hr/d25 m25 m

138,000138,000

11%11%

100%100%100%100%

1.230km 1.230km (new)(new)

2005

Operating ratioOperating ratio

ProductionProduction

Coverage area Coverage area

Duration Duration Pressure Pressure

Connections Connections

NRW NRW

Collection ratio Collection ratio Metering Metering

NetworkNetwork

Staff/Staff/1,000 Connections1,000 Connections 2222 44

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•• Consultation with the Poor Consultation with the Poor •• Find Out the Poor & Poor CommunitiesFind Out the Poor & Poor Communities

•• Broadcasting of Supply Policy :Broadcasting of Supply Policy :•• Low Cost for Basic NeedLow Cost for Basic Need•• Installment Payment Installment Payment

10, 15, 20 month (1998)10, 15, 20 month (1998)•• Same Quality of ServiceSame Quality of Service•• 30%, 50%, 70%, 100% subsidy for30%, 50%, 70%, 100% subsidy for the poorest (2005) the poorest (2005)

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1.1. 5 to 10 times cheaper. Savings round 300,000 5 to 10 times cheaper. Savings round 300,000 RielsRiels (USD75) /Family/Year(USD75) /Family/Year

2.2. Alleviate Burden of Women & ChildrenAlleviate Burden of Women & Children

3.3. Health Improvement by QualityHealth Improvement by Quality

1014742,134

1,257

2,540

2,806

2,077

19991999200020002001200120022002200320032004200420052005

Chbar Ampov and Prek Pra - River Water

Toek Thla and Pochentong - Well Water

.

Riels

550770

10101270

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

< 7m3 8-15m3 16-50m3 > 50m3

Riel

RielRie

lRiel

Chroy Changwar and Kilometer 6 - River Water

Chak Angre and Kean Svay - River Water

11.389

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