from mean to the mern stack
TRANSCRIPT
MEAN to MERNWeWork 7 Feb 2017
Troy Miles• Troy Miles aka the RocknCoder
• Over 37 years of programming experience
• Speaker and author
• bit.ly/rc-jquerybook
• @therockncoder
• Now a lynda.com Author!
Build Mobile Apps!
• Develop mobile apps with Ionic and AngularJS
• Learn the Ionic CLI
• Fetch data via ajax
• Deploy your app to Android & iOS
• bit.ly/ionicvideo
Tonight’s Agenda• The MEAN Stack
• Heroku
• MongoDB
• NodeJS + Express
• Angular 2
• The MERN Stack
• MERN.io
• MERN CLI
• Redux + React Router
• Electrode
• Summary
Get Git
• Get is a mandatory tool for using all open source tools
• lots of free tutorials on how to use it
• https://www.codeschool.com/learn/git
• https://git-scm.com/
The MEAN Stack
• MEAN is a free and open-source JavaScript software stack for building dynamic web sites and web applications.
• Term coined by Valeri Karpov
MongoDB
• MongoDB is an open-source, document database designed for ease of development and scaling.
• v3.2
• Initial release - 2009
• https://www.mongodb.org/
Express
• Fast, unopinionated, minimalist web framework for Node.js
• v4.14
• http://expressjs.com/
Angular
• HTML enhanced for web apps!
• v2.2.3
• https://angular.io/
NodeJS
• Node.js® is a platform built on Chrome's V8 JavaScript runtime for easily building fast, scalable network applications.
• v7.2.0
• https://nodejs.org/
Benefits of the MEAN Stack
• Isomorphic JavaScript
• Open Source / Community Driven
• Performance
• Low Cost
Isomorphic JavaScript• One language all the way thru
• Client/Server JavaScript
• JSON as the data transport format
• BSON as the data storage format
• JavaScript to control Mongo DB
Why is JavaScript Beautiful?
• It is a Functional Language - Closer to Lisp and Scheme than Java or C
• First Class Functions
• Dynamic Objects
• Loose Typing
• and more...
ECMAScript VersionsVersion Date
ES1 June 1997
ES2 June 1998
ES3 December 1999
ES4 DOA 2006
ES5 December 2009
ES6/ES2015 June 2015
ES2016 2016
How to use ES6 today?
• Use only the latest browsers
• Use a transpiler: Babel, Traceur, Closure, TypeScript
• Use Node.js
• https://kangax.github.io/compat-table/es6/
Heroku
Installation• Create a free heroku account at:
• https://www.heroku.com
• Download + install heroku toolbelt at:
• https://toolbelt.heroku.com/
• (the account is free, no credit card necessary)
Deploy to Heroku• heroku login
• heroku create <app-name>
• (must be unique)
• git push heroku master
• heroku open
MongoDB
Top DB Engines1. Oracle
2. MySQL
3. MS SQL Server
4. MongoDB
5. PostgreSQL
6. DB2
7. MS Access
8. Cassandra
9. Redis
10.SQLite
Who Uses It?• Craigslist
• eBay
• Foursquare
• SourceForge
• Viacom
• Expedia
• Medtronic
• eHarmony
• CERN
• and more
When to Use Mongo?• Document Database
• High Performance
• High Availability
• Easy Scalability
• Geospatial Data
What is a Document?• An ordered set of keys and values
• Like JavaScript objects
• No duplicate keys allowed
• Type and case sensitive
• Field order is not important nor guaranteed
Node.js
Node v7• Merged with the io.js project, which was at 3.x
• New version of Chrome V8
• Supports ES6
• Faster
• node -v
Node Package Manager
• Or npm for short
• version: npm -v
• upgrade npm: npm install npm -g
• (officially, npm doesn’t stand for anything, anymore)
package.json• required properties (error if missing)
• name & version
• optional properties (warning if missing)
• description, repository, & license
• other properties
• scripts, dependencies, config, etc.
Use Environment Vars
• process.env object holds all environment vars
• Reading: var connect = process.env.connect;
• Writing: process.env.mode = ‘test’;
• NEVER PUT SECRET STUFF IN SOURCE CODE!
Express
Installation
• npm install express-generator -g
• npm install express —save
Angular
Angular 2 main concepts• Component
• Data binding
• Service
• Directive
• Dependency injection
• Module
Metadata
• Metadata is extra information which gives angular more info
• @Component tells angular the class is a component
• @Directive tells angular the class is a directive
Component• A class with component metadata
• Responsible for a piece of the screen referred to as view.
• Template is a form HTML that tells angular how to render the component.
• Metadata tells Angular how to process a class
Componentimport {Component, OnInit} from 'angular2/core'import {QuizService} from './quiz-service'@Component({ selector: 'quiz', templateUrl: './templates/quiz.html', providers: [QuizService]}) export class QuizComponent implements OnInit { quizList: IQuizList[]; constructor(private _quizService:QuizService) { } ngOnInit() { this.getQuiz(); } getQuiz() { this.quizList = this._quizService.getQuizzes(); } }
Template/View
• Is a way to describe a view using HTML
• Templates can be included with the component
• Or as a URL link to an HTML file
• Best practice is to use an HTML file
Data Binding
C/D Attribute Binding type
—> {{ value }} one-way
—> [property] = “value” property
<— (event) = “handler” event
<—> [(ng-model)] = “property” two-way
Service
• “Substitutable objects that are wired together using dependency injection (DI)”
• Used to share code across an app
• Lazily instantiated
• Angular has no “Service” defined type
Directive• A class with directive metadata
• Two kinds: attribute & structural
• Attribute directives alter the look or behavior of an existing element
• Structural directives alter the layout by adding, removing, and replacing elements in the DOM
• A component is a directive with a view
Directiveimport {Directive, ElementRef, Renderer, Input, OnInit} from 'angular2/core'; @Directive({ selector: '[sizer]'}) export class Sizer implements OnInit { @Input() sizer:string; element:ELementRef; renderer:Renderer; constructor(element:ElementRef, renderer:Renderer) { this.element = element; this.renderer = renderer; } ngOnInit() { this.renderer.setElementStyle(this.element.nativeElement, 'fontSize', this.sizer + '%'); } }
Component + Directiveimport {Directive, Component, ElementRef, Renderer} from ‘@angular/core'; import {Sizer} from './sizer'@Component({ selector: 'my-app', providers: [], template: ` <div> <p [sizer]="200">Butter{{name}}</p> </div> `, directives: [Sizer]}) export class App { constructor() { this.name = 'Monkey' } }
Dependency Injection• A way to supply a new instance of a class with the
fully-formed dependencies it needs
• Most dependencies are services
• Angular know which services a components by looking at the types of its constructor parameters
• Services are injected by an Injector which uses a Provider to create the service
Module
• Modules are optional but a best practice
• export tells TypeScript that the resource is a module available for other modules
• import tells TypeScript the resource in a module
• Angular ships a collection library modules
Webpack
Webpack?
• Module bundler
• Replaces System.JS
• Works with JS, CSS, and HTML
• Minifies, concatenates, and bundles
The MERN Stack
• Keep Mongo, Express, and Node
• Replace Angular with React
• HashNode create mern-cli to scaffold a mern app
• http://mern.io/
MERN CLI• A scaffolding tool to minimize setup time
• npm install -g mern-cli
• mern init <app_name>
• cd <app_name>
• npm install
• npm start
mern commandsCommand Purpose
mern init <name> initialize a MERN app
mern list List MERN variants
mern search <term> Search for a variant
mern info <term> View details of a variant
merng generates a component
npm commandsCommand Purpose
npm run start start dev servernpm run bs bundles, starts prodnpm run test starts test runnernpm run watch:test starts test runner in watchnpm run coverage generates coverage reportnpm run lint runs linter
generator commandsCommand Purpose
dumb-s <name> dumb comp in shared
dumb-m <name> dump comp in module
functional-s <name> functional comp in shared
functional-m <name> functional comp in module
module <name> create a module
React
• A JavaScript library for building UIs
• Created by Facebook & Instagram
• Initial release March 2013
• Highly recommend reading their license
React
• Virtual DOM
• One-way data flow
• JSX - JavaScript eXtension allows in HTML generation
• Component-based
Flux
• A pattern for managing data flow in your app
• One way data flow
• 4 main parts: Dispatcher, Store, Action, & View
The 4 main parts
• Dispatcher: receives actions & dispatches them to stores
• Store: holds the data of an app
• Action: define app’s internal API
• View: displays the data from stores
Redux• A predictable state container for JS apps
• Works well with React Native
• An alternative to & inspired by Flux
• Single store for the entire app
• Makes it easier to hot-load your app
React Router
• A complete routing library for React
• Keeps UI in sync with URL
Links• https://www.mongodb.org/
• http://expressjs.com/
• https://angular.io/
• https://nodejs.org/
• http://mongoosejs.com/
• https://www.heroku.com/
Links• https://facebook.github.io/react/
• https://facebook.github.io/flux/docs/overview.html
• https://github.com/reactjs/react-redux
• https://github.com/ReactTraining/react-router
• http://mern.io/
• http://www.electrode.io/
Summary• React is easier to learn than Angular
• When you add in parts like Redux, Flux and React Router, React is more complex than angular
• In the end choose what is best for you and your team
• Don’t give in to dogma