. . . . . . . . OX&J

1 : ~ q & b;, G r d -an Like other affixes, the -an suffix has several functions, the main one

I: kpbcx+ being to form a noun. Its other functions are to form adjectives and I I adverbs.

Forming a noun -

Nouns with -an can be derived from verbs or adiectives.

bantuan help, assistance, aid bundar round bundaran mundabn~or gantung

karang

keluh

kenal

kotor

main

makan

masuk

m i n u m

to hang

to compose an essay

to complain, sigh

to know a person dirty

to play

to eat

to go in, enter

to drink

gantungan

karangan

keluhan

kenalan

kotoran

mainan

makanan

masukan

minuman

hanger

essay

complaint

acquaintance

din, excrement

toy food

input drink - ....

park i r to park parkiran parking lot

Modifying another noun - - ~ ~ - .

Words with the -an suffix can also be used in a noun phrase to modify another noun. :

C U r i .

to steal barang curian stolen goods pinjam to borrow uang pinjaman borrowed money (debt)

sewa to rent, hire r u m a h sewaan rented house

Reduplicated nouns

......................................................................... TO INDICATE VARIETY

buah-buahan variety of fruit

bunga-bungaan

daun-daunan

obat-obatan

variety of flowers

variety of leaves

medication (variety of medicine)

sayu~sayuran variety of vegetables

tumbuh-tumbuhan variery of plants,flora

.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TO RESEMBLE W H A T I S INDICATED BY THE BASE WORD In this group are words that can be nouns or verbs. The nouns usuallv refer to toy things, while the verbs refer to playing or pretending to do something.

kuda-kudaan rocking-horse

fdh\(4PJ' mobil-mobilan toy car h e j orang-orangan toy person (for example, scarecrow)

rurnah-rumahan toy house

f l - (main) koboi-koboian to play cowboys , masak-masakan to pretend to cook

S4lt , sG&44w sembunyi-sembunyian to play hide-and-seek

$ %e m c 9,~ 4k4" \ Lwpp-..1 & l lT la lW I \PI*: KA-

,? 'P Q ~ W C Below are some base words and their meaning in English. F o r m a noun from each by adding the suffix -an. Guess the meaning in English of

1 ' each -an noun, then check your dictionary to see if your guess is correc

UN ENGLISH MEANIb

- ~. - ---- .- ---- ... 5 tonton to watch ~ ~ t e ~ k i , . ~ ~ ) - [k h d a ) ( h k 1(U.): c 6 iud to seu k tl;, 5r SULI '

- . ~

. .

7 peluk to embrace . ~

8 tanam to nlant. snw . ,. .<. .,

~ - ~ ~ p .. r----, -- - - cicil to pay in instalments tabrak to collide R4iib.t ~ ..

+ t Translate these noun phrases into English. You may need to consult your dictionary for this exercise.

1 Barang dagangan 2 Uang cicilan m w y PV*"' 3 Uang simpanan S a u i e (j&i ~iw . f i k+nn) 4 Anak jalanan 5 Mobil sewaan re,,+-1 6 Baju pinjaman k 0 y . d s ~ W 7 Jam tangan curian 5bt.r~ whbh 8 Warna celupan color bye 9 Manajer bohongan nr*rr%er l i e pa*$r- h 9 e r ~ A l ) h ~ e \ ~ f '

10 Pekerjaan borongan % -ten '-3

4 lot ep-rk 'B Ly ;N

&& l A T l H A W 3 Translate these noun phrases into Indonesian.

-an with numbers

1 Toy fish 2 Toy train 3 Toy calculator 4 Toy telephone 5 Toy computer

Adjectives with the suffix -an are derived from either another adjective or a noun.

kampung village kampungan country bumpkin (negative connotation)

V r a h cheap murahan trashy, low quality

When -an is attached to some numbers, it means 'in the multiplication of.

ksu men men men N 8 1

uan usal

ratus hundred ratusan hundreds of ribuan thousand r ibuan thousands of

iuta million jutaan millions of miliar billion miliaran billions of

pdlu4 i!lw&wnLh- l,,c:*lafl,

When -an is attached to some fractional numbers, however, the mean is quite different.

seperempat one-quarter perempatan intersection

sepertiga one-third pertigaan T-intersection

setengah half pertengahan middle

Forming an adverb

Adverbs with the suffix -an are usually reduplicated.

besar large besarbesaran on a large scale

habis all gone habis-habisan exhaustively

kecil small kecil-kecilan on a small scale

ma t i t o die, dead mati-matian with a lot of effort

terang clear terang-terangan openly, frankly

untung lucky untung-untungan with luck

a ~ l h k ~ d i t i L - d k ~ ( c m , k t j ( M . ~ S W- b p e f d ~ l ~ L A T I H A N 4 -#

1 1 1 1 Complete each of the following sentences with a word from the box. Each word may be used only once.

bareng gauds diray&an celebrated kecelakaan accident memaki to swear membeli to buy menang to win mak broken uang kas cash usaha business

pertengahan

perernpatan

besar-besann

rtemng-tennph

mati-matian

kecil-kecilan

untung-untungan

bmbiddsran

munhan

1 Dia bemsaha untuk menang. 2 Joni dengan - k&,d mencuri uang kas di toko i 3 Ulang tahun hapakn<a yang fee-50 dirayakan

temannya - L b i 5 kemarin. di pasar.

L. 6 Keluarga Burhan akan berlibur ke Adelaide pada

-to S W tahun 7 Jangan mernbeli barang t4dr-har~ , nanti cepat ruC 8 Kemarin terjadi kecelakaan di ~ E ~ F " P * ~ / J jalan itu 9 Membeli tattslotto itu Vhh- ; bisa menang, bi:

tidak. 10 Lina tidak suka kepada Toni, karena Toni L(am Ph4-hl -

The majority of words with the -an suffix are nouns. Words with the -an suffix can also be verbs, adjectives or adverbs. Reduplicated -an words are either nouns or adverbs.

1 18 A Student's Guide to lndones~an Grammar