From demolition to high-grade recoveryPARADE webinar series:

Best Practices for Pre-demolition Audits

Webinar 3: 26 September 2019

Webinar “do and don´t”

• Feel free to ask questions during the presentations by using chat in the right corner below

• Q & A and discussion at the end

Welcome!• Goal of PARADE project:

• developing life-long education materials on best

practice for predemolition audit for improving C&D

management (safe recycling), preventing unnecessary

waste, maximizing value/sustainable use

• This is the third webinar on pre-demolition audits with a focus on reuse and high-grade recycling

DEMOLITIONSELECTIVE

Reuse

• Use as such

• Value increases in case of:1. Antiquity (e.g. hand-moulded bricks)

2. Authencity/scarcity (e.g. materials of which the production stopped)

3. High aesthetics (e.g. decorated mantelpieces)

4. A good condition of the materials

5. High value of the primary material (e.g. marble)

6. Modular and easily dismantlable materials (e.g. slates or roof tiles)

7. Components that are sold in series

www.opalis.be

Reuse: tiles, clay bricks

• Tiles: slate, clay

• Lime mortar

• Hand-moulded

• Mainly decorative (not structural)

Good practice: REBRICK (http://www.gamlemursten.eu/)

Reuse: pavers, cobblestones, curbs, tiles

• Sand-filled joints

• Natural stone and clay pavers

• Examples: bluestone, granite

www.rotordc.com

Reuse: cast iron, wrought iron

• Spiral stairs

• Radiators

• Bathtubs

• Fences and gates

www.antiekeradiatoren.nl

Reuse: wood

• Hardwood

• Oak, beech, chestnut

• Flooring, barnwood, ships

• Beams can be sawn into planks

• Hazardous substances: creosote, CCA

Kaap Skil

Reuse: doors/windows

• Windows: double glazing

• Massive wood

• Series

Recycling

Stony fraction

• Mostly recycled in road base or foundation layers

• Wanted materials:• Concrete, mortar• Natural aggregates and stone• Bricks and tiles• Calcium silicate blocks

• Unwanted materials:• Low strength• Water-soluble• Floating• Unwanted reactions with cement

PTV 406Mixed aggregates

Rg <2%

X <1%

Fl <5 g/cm³

Stony fraction: recycled aggregates

• Concrete aggregate (grey)

• Mixed aggregate

• Masonry aggregate (red)

• Asphalt aggregate

Stony fraction: concrete-to concrete

• Pure fraction: concrete, mortar, natural stone and aggregates

• Prior thorough dismantling of constructions is necessary

EN 15-001Type A+

Replacement rate <50%

Rc >90%

Rcu >95%

Ra <1%

XRg <0.5%

Fl<2 g/cm³

(<0.2 g/cm³)*

Stony fraction: asphalt-to-asphalt

• No tar

• Recycling percentages typically up to 50%-70%

• Significant energy and environmental savings

MaterialsEN 13108-8Category F1

EN 13108-8Category F5

Group 1 Concrete, bricks, cement mortar, metal <1% <5%

Group 2 Wood, plastics, synthetic materials <0.1% <0.1%

Metals

• Well-established scrap collection and recycling

• Concrete reinforcement bars

• Steel columns and bars

• Aluminium window profiles

• Electric wiring

• Piping

• Lead: e.g. waterproofing layers

Glass

• Watch out for:• Laminated glass (e.g. Bullet-proof glass)

• Coloured glass

• Mirrors

http://www.vgi-fiv.be/environnement-et-energie/le-recyclage/

Wood

• Recycling in chipboards

• Energy recovery• Wood products from chipped wood• Chipboards, fibreboards• Oriented Strand Boards (OSB)

• Hazardous wood• Creosote• CCA-wood

Gypsum

• NO autoclaved aerated concrete

• Paper recycling

• Major recyclers:• New West Gypsum

• Gypsum Recycling International

• www.gypsumtogypsum.org

Autoclaved aerated concrete• Closed-loop recycling: mostly construction waste

• Open-loop*• Sand replacement in floor screeds and cement-stabilised sand

• Non-structural concrete

• Tolerates other stony materials

• NO gypsum

*More information: Bergmans et al. (2016), Recycling of autoclaved aerated concrete in floor screeds: Sulfate leaching reduction by ettringite formation. Construction and Building Materials.

Bituminous roofing

• NO tar

• Closed-loop recycling• Homogenous layers

• Separable from its substructure

• Open-loop recycling: bitumen binder in asphalt layers• Life+ project: from roof to road

• CE-marked recycled bitumen: Roof2Road (NL), Tarpaper (DK)

• Also feasible for carpet bitumen backing

www.tarpaper.eu

Inorganic insulation

• Closed-loop recycling• Separate collection of glass wool and stone wool

• Mostly construction waste

• Open-loop recycling• Raw material in the production of clay-fired bricks (flux)

• Stone wool, glass wool, foam glass

www.isover.fr

Plastics

• Thermoplastics• PVC, PP, PE, PS, PC

• Become pliable/moldable at a certain elevated temperature

• Generally recyclable

• Thermosettings plastics (thermoharders)• PUR, polyester

• Irreversibly hardened by curing

• Recycling is technologically difficult

Plastics: recycling

• PVC: window frames, pipes, cables, flooring

• PP: piping, carpets, waterproofing layers

• PE: piping, plastic lumber

• EPS: insulation

• Polyamides: carpets

www.deceuninck.be

Final remarks

• Selective demolition logistics• Containers

• Distance to recovery options

• Local industrial symbiosis

• Construction practices:• Design to dissassembly

• Foams, glues

• Composites

Q & AFeedback, questions and comments

Seminar, November 19th, Brussels

• Pre-demolition audit for a circular economy

• Bring together stakeholders from along the value chain• Demolition companies

• End-users of construction materials,

• Consultants

• Scientists from universities and research organizations

• Public authorities

• Further information: Margareta.Wahlstrom@vtt.fi

jef.bergmans@vito.be

Project webpage:

https://www.vtt.fi/sites/PARADE/

Thank you!

Acknowledgment