from concept to commissioning : the library scheduling ...from concept to commissioning : the...

From concept to Commissioning : The Library Scheduling, Programming, Phasing

Marie-Françoise BISBROUCKLIBER, Bolzano, March 19, 2004

[email protected]

The two last seminars organised by the LIBERArchitecture Group: Warsaw (2000), Leipzig (2002)

Introduction

This paper will examine the situation from certain aspects, in particular:

• The team formed by the Library and its Partners• Financing the operation• The Program• The Choice of the Architect• The obligatory Program Phases and the Time

required for each• The “additional sites” accompanying the Main

Project

The Library Partner Team

1. The Head Librarian and his/her team

• His/Her WILL to have a new building, a building extension or restructuring works

• This WILL stems from an appreciation: “What is wrong in my present Library?”

The answer is : “Lots of things!”:• Absence or quasi absence of free access

collections• Lack of reading areas• Insufficient differentiation between reading-

areas and other accommodations• Lack of office space• Insufficient computer assets• Absence of relaxation or social areas for

students, etc.

The desire to change things and the development of a “wish-list”:

• It does not “yet” constitute a Program for a Future Building, but a First Draft

• To define the initial space requirements to accommodate the desired changes

• To provide a discussion base around which to organise the major functions

• To operate in absolute terms, that is without consideration of external contingencies

2. The role of the University President

• We have to convince him/her• If not: nothing is going to happen!• The University President is the only Party

able to take the to the Political Level= to the Financial Level

3. At this stage, the main tasks for the Library Manager are :

• To develop a detailed building Program• To organise discussion with immediate associates

as well as with the Library Staff in general on multiple topics

• To create Working Groups and workshops in several areas:

° how best to change access to the collections° developing information technology° user training° conservation of collections° changes in the internal work organisation of the

Library staff° opening the Library to the world of work and the

economy, the cultural environment, etc.

• The Working Groups must function with openness and freedom to purpose and innovate (Not simply “slapping the Future on the Present”)

• Subsequently, they will need to prioritise their wants and needs

• The necessity to have a fall-back title or designation for certain areas!

• The Working Groups as prime-mover for change

4. Other parts of the Program with other Players

• The possible need to find land on which to build (local authorities)

• The search of temporary premises if the present building must be demolished (University, local authorities)

• Determining financing for the operation by the corresponding political authorities: how much? How soon? Splitting the budget to build in successive phases? etc.

• Ιncreasing requirements and technicality = ever-more specialised contractors in different fields as data processing, buildings construction techniques, safety standards, acoustics, environmental qualities, etc.

Multiple Partners required in the design

BUT

The Library Project Manager has to be clearly identified• He/She has to remain the sole point of contact with the Contracting Authority = The political financier of the operation• Later on in the process, He/She will delegate part of his/her responsibilities to his/her specialised associates in the more technical fields (data-processing, audio-visual, etc)• Qualities for a Library Project Manager• Not underestimate ourselves (nor the Others…)

5. Come back to the Program

• The program is a document that addressesvarious requirements (operational,behavioural, environmental)

• Drafted in terms that arecomprehensible to theusers

• Directly usable by thedesigners to give it anarchitectural form

In functional terms, the Program follows a logicalprocess:

• The defining of objectives• Determining activities• Organising activities according to functional

diagrams• Planning traffic routes• Expressing requirements associated with each

activity• Stating the performance levels required of the

building and its equipment

This part of the Program is directly managed by the Library

The Library has also a role to play in terms of theinternal environmental of the building:

• Admissible sound level for various spaces• Lighting level for reading areas in particular,

including computer lookup• Temperature• Relative humidity (for book storage, etc.)• Equipment footprints• Floor loads• Power and utilities requirements• Protection of property• Access control, etc.

In environmental terms, the Program describes:

• The urban and site contexts• The role of the future building within the site

and its immediate environment• Links between activities within the building

and those in the surroundings

This part is the preserve of the ContractingAuthority and the related engineeringmanagements

Drafting of such a Program is achieved in Phases,each with an increasing level of detail,corresponding of the phases of the proposedDesign:• The general Program provides the basis for

establishing sketch plans and the PreliminaryDesign

• The specific Program serves for producing theDetail Design

• The definitive Program serves for producing theFinal Design (= “The Project”)

Harmonising the Program with the Projectconditions the success of each Project Phase.

The role of the Library will be constantmonitoring, to ensure that the definition ofrequirements remains at all times in phase withthe current Project phase.

The difficulty being to stay just abreast ofoperations

6. Come back to the other Partners

Programing cannot be restricted to “simply”the Building Program itself.The Program is subdivided according to theParties for whom it is intended, into:• A building program for the Architects

and Engineering design Offices• An “Equipment Program” for the

Architects and Designers• An “Operations Program” for

organisation and managementspecialists

• An “Environment Program” for TownPlanners

As these additional players come on board atvarious points, joining the others, it is difficultfor Library staff to determine who is who andhandle coordination.

At each drawing stage, the Library shouldensure that the functional needs of the libraryare taken into account by the Architect.

7 . The Design and Programming Process Summary

Specialisedtown planners

Users(Readers)

Users(Library)

ContractingAuthority

EnvironmentCriteria

BehavioralCriteria

OperationalCriteria

Cost andbuilding-time

Criteria

Manufacturing &Maintenance

Criteria

SafetyCriteria

Where ? Why ? How ? How muchand When ?

Environmentalrequirements

Behaviouralrequirements

Operationalrequirements

Cost anddelivery timerequirements

Manufacturing &Maintenancerequirements

Safetyrequirements

Architecturaland technicalrecommen-

dations

Functionaldiagrams

Performance levelsof building and equipments

PROGRAMMING

Formalising of interior and outside areas

Specialisedtown

planners

Users(Readers)

Users(Library)


Spatial organisation Building sub-systems

Equipmentsub-

systems

Implementingsafety

requirements

DESIGN

Formalising of interior and outside areas

Specialisedtown

planners

Users(Readers)

Users(Library)


Commissioning

Modifications to operational and behavioural requirementsUSE

New spatialorganisation

Modifications toEquipment sub-

systems

New safetyrequirements

8. And now to our Architect…

He/She is the main Player in the Operation:• Without Him/Her our Building will not get off the

ground!• Necessity of dialoguing• Architecture Juries Make-up• Technical committees

9. Phasing and Deadlines

Operation Duration

(1)

Cumulativeduration

(1)

Scale ofdocuments

Notes

PROGRAM

6 to 12months

6 to 12months

-

Library visits

Photography

Creating reference-documentbase (standards)

Set up working groups (2)

Draft feasibility scenarios

Sketch out fixtures,furnishings & equipment(FF&E) from onset of Program

Operation Duration Cumulativeduration

Scale ofdocuments

Notes

Architecturecompetition

6 to 12months

12 to 24months

Sketches:1/500th- and1/200th-scale

drawings

Library to be present intechnical committee andjury

Preliminarydesign

Safety studyApplicationfor Building

Permit

4 to 6months

16 to 30months

1/200th- and1/100th-scale

drawings

Extremely closeinvolvement of Library indeveloping the PreliminaryDesign

(corresponds toorganisation of libraryareas)


Scale ofdocuments

Notes

DetailDesign

4 to 6months

20 to 36months

1/100th-scale

drawings

Development of technical solutions(construction and operation of thebuilding)

Library often required to examinetechnical documents that are hard toread and interpret

More library visits, specialisedexhibits (library furnishings etc.)

Refining (by Library) of FF&E fileDetailed organisation of collectionsand staff

Creation of a photographic recordshowing progress of site

Drafting description of buildingsignalising

Preparing to move in


Scale ofdocuments

Notes

ProjectSub-contracting File 4 to 6

months24 to 42 months 1/50th- and

1/20th-scaledrawings

Tender Negotiations 2 to 6months

26 to 48 months

Appointment ofcontractors; Signing

of Agreements

2 months 28 to 50 months

Site works12 to 24months

40 to 74 months

Site handover,remedial works and

snag-clearing

2 to 4months

42 to 78 monthsPublicising

opening of newbuilding

Installing fixtures,furnishings &

equipment (FF&E)

2 months 44 to 80 months


Move in 1 to 2months

45 to 82months

Safety Committee report(allowing opening ofbuilding to public)

Move in staff andservices

1 month 46 to 83months

Opening to Public (and HERE is where it really starts …)

As conclusion

“For architects who have had the fortune to build them,libraries always retain a place among their finer buildings,they are the most Inspired, the most Masterful, as if a fineosmosis was taking place between this book – the mostprecious of objects to one and all -- and this shell thatenvelops it and protects it. Each library is a joyous event:constructing, magnifying this book-object, anddemonstrating the sense of it.”

And more

“The building must be very legible, it must attract like amagnet. But once he has been welcomed, the reader must besheltered. The library must reinforce the protection that thebook gives the reader, which is - in reality - helping to guidehim through the world.”

Pierre RIBOULET, architect

Thank you for attention

BUT

If you have two minutes more…

University Libraries in project2004-2006

Bordeaux 1. Extension (+ 2600 m² do) et restructurationdu bâtiment construit en 1964 par L. Sainsaulieu et P. Daurel.

Total du chantier : 7194 m² doDurand, Ménard, Thibault, architectes

Bordeaux 1. Restructuration-extension du bâtiment

Durand, Ménard, Thibault, architectes

Bordeaux 1

Université de Versailles St Quentin. 7800 m² doBU de St Quentin. Ripault et Duhart, architectes

Lyon II. Chevreul. 6350 m²Architecte : Thierry Van de Wyngaert

Lyon II. Chevreul. 6350 m² Architecte : Thierry Van de Wyngaert

Brest. 5109 m² do. Beaudouin, architecte

INSA Lyon Michel Rémon, architecte4700 m²

INSA Lyon Michel Rémon, architecte

Reims. Croix-Rouge. 9480 m² do

Chabanne, architecte

© axyz

Reims. Croix-Rouge, 9480 m² do.Chabanne, architecte

Reims. Croix-Rouge. 9480 m² do

Chabanne,architecte

René Dottelonde, architecteLe Havre 8500 m² do

Le Havre

René Dottelonde,architecte.8500 m² do

René Dottelonde,architecte. 8500 m² do Le Havre

Le Havre, 8500 m² do . René Dottelonde, architecte

2e étage

Le Havre, 8500 m² do . René Dottelonde, architecteRez-de-chausssée

La Réunion, Bu sciences. 2700 m²do

Alain Bocquée, architecte

La Réunion, Bu sciences.2700 m² do

Alain Bocquée,architecte

Façade SudFaçade Est

Coupe transversale

Coupe longitudinale

La Réunion, Bu sciences. 2700 m². Alain Bocquée, architecte

Paris XII. Droit - Créteil. 3000 m² doMichel Rémon, architecte


Plan du 1er niveau


Plan du 2e niveau

Université Paul SabatierToulouse III. Extension et restructurationde la BU.Arch. : SCP Espagno et Milani.

Mulhouse. Réhabilitation de la Fonderie. Projet de la Faculté des sciences économiques, sociales et juridiquesEtat actuel (été 2003)

Photo :Mongiello-Plisson et Emergence Architect

Mulhouse. Réhabilitation de la Fonderie. Projet de la Faculté des sciences économiques, sociales et juridiques

Avec un pôle documentaire en droit, économie, gestion, et histoire industrielle (environ 3000 m²)

Phot

o:M

o ngi

ell o

-Plis

son

et E

mer

gen c

eA

rchi

tect

ure

Mulhouse. Réhabilitation de la Fonderie. Projet de la Faculté des sciences économiques, sociales et juridiques

Photos :Mongiello-Plisson et Emergence Architecture

Fonderie.Etat intérieur actuel (été 2003)

Photos :Mongiello-Plisson et Emergence Architecture

from concept to commissioning : the library scheduling ...from concept to commissioning : the...

Documents