from calls to talk

7/30/2019 From Calls to Talk

1/7

Go Higher Arts

Introduction to Language

Week Five : Calls, Babbling and the singing

Australopithicene

Phylogeny: (f lj n) noun, coined in 1866 by Ernst Heinrich

1. the lines of descent or evolutionary development of any plant or

animal species

2. the origin and evolution of a division, group, or race of animals or

plants

3. the historical development of a nonliving thing, as a group of

languages

Ontogeny : (n tj n) noun

the life cycle of a single organism; biological development of the

individual

Neurology: (n? rl j, ny?rlj) noun

the branch of medicine dealing with the nervous system, its

structure, and its diseases


2/7

Go Higher Arts


The Primate Order: the Hominids

A. the hominids

i. Australopithicene sometimes referred to as the gracile (slender)

australopithecines.

a. discovered in Taung, South Africa in 1924.

ii. homo habilis (human with ability)

a. the Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania

b. the Oldowan industry


3/7

Go Higher Arts


iii. homo erectus (upright human)

a. discovered in Java in 1891

b. Peking in 1927 and other sites.

c. the Acheulian industry

d. migration out of Africa and recent new theories

iv. homo sapiens (knowing human)

Comparison of crania, sapiens (left) and neanderthalensis (right)

a. new finds -- China -- and recent challenges to the "Out of Africa"

theory

b. . Swanscombe, England, in 1935

c. Steinheim, West Germany, in 1933

d. Neanderthal human -- 1856 in the Neander Valley, Dusseldorf,

Germany, and many other sites.


4/7

Go Higher Arts


e. 85,000-35,000 years ago in the glacial periods.

f. the Shanidar Cave in the Zagros mountains of Iraq: belief in the

afterlife and concern for the dead.

g. extinct 35,000 years ago:

why

i) lack of adaptation to warmer climates.

ii) annihilated by newer species.

iii) genetic absorption into newer group.

v. Cro Magnon Human:

a. 1898 in the Cro Magnon Cave, France.

b. 35,000-10,000 years ago.

c. Laurel leaf flint.

d. art: Lascaux (France) and Altamira (Spain) Caves

i) importance of animals.


5/7

Go Higher Arts


ii) Massive hunts -- Torralba, Spain.

iii) nature as divine.

e. modern Cro Magnon cultures:

i) aborigines

ii) !Kung are a people living in the Kalahari Desert in Namibia,

Botswana and in Angola.

For further reading see

Lemonick, M. 1994 How Man Began, Time,

http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,980307-

1,00.html

Mithen, S. 2005 The Singing Neanderthals: The Origins of Music,

Language, Mind and BodyLondon: Weidenfeld and

Nicolson


6/7

Go Higher Arts


Homework

Mid term essay

Due : 7th of November 2007

Title:

Premack states Man is unique how far do you agree or

disagree with this supposition? Refer to at least two other

animal species.

Word count: 1,500, valence +- 10% (1,650 to 1,350)

NOT INCLUDING QUOTATION

Reading List

All PDF files used during the first 4 weeks and the reading lists

on the handouts, as well as the handouts themselves. You are

actively encouraged to do your own individual research.

Refer to at least four texts and no more than eight.

Format:

Double spaced

Double margined, left and right

12 font

Bibliography at the end,

All sources to be referenced

All work must be spell and grammar checked, you will be penalized for

spelling and grammatical errors

Front page with; your name, your student ID, title of essay, course code

(GHArts Language)

Printed and handed in to the office to receive a receipt. I will not accept

electronically submitted or essays handed to me in class.


7/7

Go Higher Arts


from calls to talk

Documents