from ashes to ashes

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It's better to get it from Eastman . . . Sure» when you need an un- common organic (or an un- commonly pure one) in more· than-test-tube and less-than- tank-car quantities, try Eastman < ^ > rganicC i iemicals Department, jDsstzg; * :<&& r « v *c/5 Industries, Rochester 3, N . .. 1 ' 1 ύύύΛ <S^r there are some 3500 Eastman Organic Chemicals for science and industry DISTILLATION PRODUCTS INDUSTRIES is a division of EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY f EQUIPMENT y Titanium Takes It This chlorine dioxide mixer, lined with Rem-Cru A-70 titanium, is said to b e the first major piece of titanium equipment to be used in the pulp and paper industry. The mixer, designed and built by Improved Machinery, has been in service at Riegel Paper's Acme, N. C, plant since last December. No signs of pitting or corrosion were found upon examination of the titanium lining after five months' service, whereas the high chrome alloy used at the ends of the mixer showed the usual visible signs of attack. So far, production experience confirms Rem-Cru's laboratory corrosion rate data. Ε 1 From Ashes to Ashes New unît for moistening ashes and other dry powders with water minimizes dust problem from handling dur- ing disposal M INTMIZINTG DUST when handling ash and other dry materials is the function of a new mixer-unloader recently de- veloped by Allen-Sherman-Hoff. The unit, known as the Type Β continuous mixer and unloader, mixes the dry material with water and discharges the moistened mixture into waiting trucks or other transportation media. Featuring control from ground level, rather than from an elevated platform, the unit is designed to be suspended from the base of a storage bin contain- ing the ash. The ground level control allows the operator to watch the dis- charge of the unit and to regulate the rate of water and ash feed to maintain the desired consistency in the dis- charged material. From the outside, the A-S-H mixer- unloader resembles a rotating drum tilted a bit from the horizontal. Down the center of the drum on the inside is a screw conveyer. In operation, the Cutaway view of Aîîen-Sherman-EïoiPs continuous mixer-unloader shows ro- tary feeder 5 screw conveyer, and mix- ing zone, with scraper and baffles 4438 C&EN SEPT. 10, 2956

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Page 1: From Ashes to Ashes

I t 's b e t t e r

t o g e t it f r o m

E a s t m a n . . .

Sure» when you need an un­common organic (or an un­commonly pure one) in more· than-tes t - tube and less-than-tank-car quantities, try Eastman <^>rganicCi iemicals Department, jDsstzg; * :<&& j£r« v*c/5 Industries, Rochester 3, N . ..

1 ' 1ύύύΛ <S^r

there are some 3 5 0 0 Eastman O r g a n i c Chemicals

f o r science a n d industry

DISTILLATION PRODUCTS INDUSTRIES is a division of

EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY

f EQUIPMENT

y Titanium Takes It This chlorine dioxide mixer, lined with R e m - C r u A-70 titanium, is said to b e the first major piece of t i tanium equipment to be u sed in the pulp a n d paper industry. The mixer, designed and built by Improved Machinery, has b e e n in service a t Riegel Paper's Acme, N. C , plant s ince last December . No signs of pi t t ing or corrosion were found upon examination of the titanium lining after five months' service, whereas the high chrome alloy used a t the ends of the mixer showed the usual visible signs of attack. So far, production experience confirms Rem-Cru's laboratory corrosion rate da ta . Ε 1

From Ashes to Ashes N e w unît for moistening ashes a n d other d r y powders with w a t e r minimizes dust problem from handling dur­ing disposal

M INTMIZINTG DUST when handling ash and other dry materials is the function of a new mixer-unloader recently de­veloped by Allen-Sherman-Hoff. The unit, known as the Type Β continuous mixer and unloader, mixes the dry material with water and discharges the moistened mixture into wait ing trucks or other transportation media.

Featuring control from ground level, rather than from an elevated platform, the unit is designed to b e suspended from the base of a storage bin contain­ing the ash. T h e ground level control allows the operator t o watch the dis­

charge of the unit a n d to regula te the rate of water and ash feed to maintain the desired consistency in the dis­charged material .

F rom the outside, t h e A-S-H mixer-unloader resembles a rotating d r u m tilted a bit from the horizontal . D o w n the center of t h e drum on t h e inside is a screw conveyer. In operation, the

Cutaway view of Aîîen-Sherman-EïoiPs continuous mixer-unloader shows ro­tary feeder5 screw conveyer, and mix­ing zone , wi th scraper a n d baffles

4 4 3 8 C & E N SEPT. 10, 2 9 5 6

Page 2: From Ashes to Ashes

K I L L F O A M T H E E A S Y W A Y . . .

New G-E silicone Anti-Foam 60 disperses easily—pays for itself

K I L L F O A M T H E E A S Y W A Y . . .

New G-E silicone Anti-Foam 60 disperses easiiy—pays for itself

ash is fed to the low end of the screw conveyer from the storage bin through a rotary feeder. The screw conveyer transfers the ash to the high end of the drum, where it drops into the outer, rotating drum. As the ash drops, it is mixed with water which impinges on a splash plate near the high end.

As tho wetted material travels hy gravity and tumbling toward the dis­charge end, it is mixed by the combined action of rotation and a stationary scraper. Baffles retard the forward movement to allow for more thorough mixing. The mixed and wetted ash is then discharged into the waiting truck below.

The mixer-unloader is designed pri­marily for miriirnizing the dust raised when ashes or other waste powders are transferred from the hoppers in which they are collected into trucks or r- ;l cars for disposal. Ε 2

Mass Producing Nuclear Reactors

Last week, the first mass production of small, portable nuclear reactors was initiated in San Ramon, Calif. Manu­factured by Aerojet-General Nucle­onics, the reactors utilize radiation stabilized polyethylene in the core as a moderator; this method of core fabrica­tion makes the reactor resemble a liquid homogeneous reactor rather than the solid core reactor it is.

The reactors (two a month) are ex­pected to find their major applications in training of nuclear engineers and students, with other uses envisioned in medical centers as isotope and neutron sources, and in research, physical analysis, and process control.

The reactor generates a normal flux of 4.5 X 10° neutrons per sq. cm. per second at 100 milliwatts, although higher power and flux are available.

Its critical mass is approximately 600 gm. of uranium 235 of 20% enrich­ment, which is said to be less than for any other known reactor. Further, fis­sion products are sealed within the solid core, eliminating the problem of waste disposal and preventing the possibility of radioactive contamination through use of the reactor. Under normal op­erating conditions, the core life exceeds 300 years, according to AGN.

Instrumentation of the AGN 201 is similar to that on the largest nuclear reactors. Along with the normal reac­tor safety interlocks, a thermal safety fuse is built into the core. All control and safety rods are of the "fail-safe" type and are actuated from a central control console which also provides continuous monitoring of reactor per­formance. There are four access ports

Conventional high-viscosity silicone anti-foam agents (above) do not disperse readily in water—require vigorous stirring.

Costly, troublesome foaming can now be controlled—more easily— with General Electric's new silicone ANTI-FOAM 60. Easy to disperse, this low-viscosity silicone emulsion can be used as supplied, or reduced with water to any desired concen­tration. Little or no stirring is re­quired.

Low-viscosity G-E ANTI-FOAM 60, how­ever, can b e poured — and d isperses instantly!

P A Y S F O R I T S E L F

You'll find ANTI-FOAM 60 pays for itself by the way it reduces process­ing time, elirninates costly boil-Dvers, increases kettle capacity. Incredibly small amounts are needed, for ex­ample: 50 PPM in paper-making operations

3 PPM in textile sizing solution 10 PPM in latex

I SILICONE PRODUCTS DEPARTMENT F R E E I GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY

S A M P L E ! ' Section 660-1B, Waterford, Ν. Υ.

Please send me a free sample of G.E.'s new silicone ANTI-FOAM 60.

_Position_

IN CANADA: Mail to Canadian General Electric Company. Ltd.. Toronto

Tbogress /s Our Most Important froctuct

GENERAL ELECTRIC SEPT. IO, 1956 C & E N 4 4 3 9

c new

Page 3: From Ashes to Ashes

ΎαΙΓϋΒΝΙΡίΚΕ

ÏH'hSh'b VINYLS

SAFER AND BETTER

AT LOW COST! VINYL COATED

CONTAINERS — that are nontoxic and can b e used fo r a l l hot or c o l d foods and l iqu ids . . .

- =53

F O O D JAR V INYL SEALING R I N G S ^ H that are fast and easy to;*

. - " manufacture.. .safe for con­tact with both fa t ty a n d ; nonfatty foods. . . >H

P τ ON, VINYL FILM PACKAGES —excellent for meat wrap­pings and new typei of sin­gle port ion, . ready-to-use food packages. . .

POLYVINYL ACETATE APHESIVES '—that Increase product ion rates-several hundred per cervt 4>ve'r ordinary pastes and glues a n d meet F..&D.Â. require-merits.for food packag ing. . ' . · · · - - ? >.·'*",»."•' .

*s

* WITH PFIZER CITROFLEX" A-4...nontoxic,odorless plasticizer

Citroflex A-4 is accepted by the Food and Drug Administration, the Bureau of Animal Industry, and the Office of the Quartermaster General as a com­ponent of plastic film wraps for both fatty and nonfatty foods. Its toxicologi-cal safety i s unsurpassed.

it's odorless, and it makes vinyls out­standingly low in extractable taste, too.

It has excellent viscosity stability and

superior heat s tabi l i ty in polyvinyl chloricle plastîsoîs...unusual efficiency a s plasticizer for synthetic resin ad-hesives and polyvinyl chloride coat­ings f o r paper board products. Lower amounts are needed than with other plasticizers to achieve the same heat-sealing temperatures.

Vinyl coatings formulated using Pfizer v itiOi~i.ex .Λ-4 nave high gioss nrïisi»cs.

Manufacturing Chemists for Over 100 Years

CHAS. PFIZER & CO., I N C Chemical Sales Division

630 Flushing Ave., Brooklyn 6, Ν. Υ. Branch Offices: Chicago. 111.;

San Francisco, Ca l i f . ; Vernon, Cal i f . j At lanta, G a . ; Dal las, Texas

4 4 4 0 C & E N SEPT. 10, 19 56

Page 4: From Ashes to Ashes

E Q U I P M E N T

and a glory hole in addition to the cen­tral vertical thermal column.

AGN offers, along with the reactors, customer service in AEC licensing and in training of nuclear reactor personnel. The whole package is designed to cost less than $±00,000, with purchase, lease-purchase, or rental arrangements possible. Ε 3

How High the Waves? A robot "hurricane inspector** is be­

ing built by Gulf Oil to sit through storms up to 100 miles from shore in the Gulf of Mexico and report o n what hap­pens inside them. The "inspector" will measure the forces of waves, winds, tides, and currents in the open sea and in water depths over 10O ft. These data will be used to determine the structural strength required of offshore drilling platforms in order to protect the crews and equipment.

According to Gulf, most data now available have been obtained in shallow water along the coast line. The design of platforms is therefore based on past data correlated with theoretical cal­culations of maximum sea forces. Al­though considered fairly reliable, these calculations should be confirmed as rigs go further offshore, says Gulf.

The "inspector" will consist of two steel, water-tight boxes about the size of small household refrigerators, in which amplifiers, power units, sequence timers, timing marker, and two record­ers are contained. The height of waves, period between crests, and the tide will be recorded, with the measuring being carried out by a "wave profile recorder/* in which insulated spark plugs short out when the wave passes over them. Wind velocity and direction are meas­ured conventionally, while wave and current forces will be measured by strain gages attached to steel tube piles.

Gulf says that many sea legends will probably be proved false. The "in­spector" may never find, for example, the "1O0 foot waves" fondly described by old salts.

• Weighing instruments using elec­tronic load cells have been developed by Fairbanks, Morse & Co. Two basic types are available; Full Klectronic in which load cells replace t h e lever sys­tem, and Levetronic in which a load cell is hooked in tension in the steelyard rod. The company claims the new line offers advantages in accuracy, speed, and remote indication. Ε 4

• Drum tiller, with which one man can handle 55-gal. drums weighing up

to 750 lb., has been developed by Hep-penstall Co. The tilter is lowered over the drum, two load binders are tight­ened, and the drum is lifted and tilted by a pull on a chain or a turn of a handwheel. Ε 5

• Pyrometer temperature controllers, now offered b y West Instrument, can be wired for a variety of control appli­cations: heating with automatic cool­ing; high-low-off or high-low-medium heating; or control with high limit alarm and automatic reset. The controls are used with plastic extruders, industrial ovens, and furnaces. f 6

• Thickness g a g e , for continuous meas­urement by x-ray fluorescence of the thickness of metal coatings to the near­est millionth of an inch, is a recent de­velopment of Applied Research Labora­tories. The instrument utilizes two de­tectors, one for the element to be meas­

ured and one for die reference signal. E 7

• Portable potentiometer indicator, featuring small size and two scale ranges, has been designed by Thermo Electric. The complete unit weighs less than 4 lb. and measures 4 x 5 x 6 in. Ε 8 • Low pressure gas dryers for drying air and other gases to a dewpoint of —·50° F* or lower are now available from Kahn & Co. The units are auto­matic, with twin absorption towers to assure a continuous flow of dry gas. Ε 9

(Continued on page 4449)

I " * 1 j Further useful information on J j keyed Equipment mentioned ! is readily available . . . ι I Use handy coupon on page 4442 ^ I

September 10, 1956 I ι Readers' information Service

Use this handy self mailer to obtain further information or literature. Simply mark, clip coupon, told, and mail

Every week C&EN's editors survey a large volume of valuable scien­tific* technical, and business information issued in the form of product announcements, booklets, catalogs, data sheets, etc. This material is digested and presented in several departments. For your conven­ience this coupon is provided to facilitate requests for further informa­tion on these items as well as on products and services mentioned in advertisements.

, Name Position

Q I Company

OH ; Street

City Zone State (Please print or type)

• CLIP C O U P O N — F o l d Along This Line—Fasten (Staple, Tape, G lue)—MAIL

3 c

STAMP

T O ;

Readers' Information Service Chemical and Engineering News 430 Park Avenue N e w York 22 , Ν. Υ.

FASTEN HERE ONLY & B B 9 B H 4 FASTEN HERE ONLY

Page 5: From Ashes to Ashes

TECHNICAL SERVICES Consultants, Engineering Services, Tenting Laboratories, Patent Attorneys,

Other Professional Services, and Industrial Facilities

SCHWARZKOPF M i C R O A N A L Y T I C A L L A B O R A T O R Y

Routine Analysis Within One Week CH, F, Ο , Ν, S, P, Si , Halogens

Group Analysis Molecular Weight a n d Others

56-19 37 Ave., Wcodsidc 77, N. V. T E L E P H O N E HAvemeyer 9-K24H. 9-6223

Pre fec ts , C o n s u l t a t i o n , a n d Production Control Services in

Biochemistry, Chemistry, Bac­teriology, Toxica I »gy — Insecti-

cide Testing—Flavor Tests. WKITt FOK P*ICE SCHEDULE

WISCONSIN ALUMNI RESEARCH FOUNDATION |P.Q BOX 22 17»Ε · MADISON 1 . WISCONSIN^

SSASS $?! in«TBnurrco tuai .YS!S I f t W I D 1 T C I ΑυϋϋΙληίΐ: §

ANALYTICAL « STABLE,SOT0PEASSAYS

rtllHLMlUHI. j C U S T 0 M L E A K DETECTION S E R V I C E | INFRARED ANALYSIS ^ S « $ v

Consolidated Electrodynamics fCECl 300 N. Sierra rAadre Viiio, rosgdena, Co î i ' . ^ ^ S S ^ NATIONWIDE COMPANY-OWNED SALES & SERVICE OFFICES

FOOD RESEARCH

RESEARCH ANALYSES · CONSULTATION Biological. Nutritional, Toxicofogical Studies

for the Food, Drug and Allied Industries 48-14 33rd STREET, LONG ISLAND CITY 1, M .Y . Bulletin "What's New id Food and Orug Research" available on îetteruead request.

ASSOCIATIONS (Continued from page 4406)

An exhibit of Functional Finishes will appear in the Basildon Room. Contributing companies include:

General Electric; B. F. Goodrich Chemical; Goodyear Tire & Rubber; Metro-Atlantic; National Starch Prod­ucts; Onyx Oil & Chemical; Rohm & Haas; Standard Chemical Products; Warwick Chemical Co.

• The California Fertilizer Association will hold its 33rd annual convention Nov. 11 to 13, at the Hotel del Coro-nado, Coronado, Cal'f. Theme for the convention will be Some Aspects of Fertilizer industry Economics.

• Petroleum in the Jet Age, New De­velopments in the Food and Pharma­ceutical Industries, and Cost Estima­tion will round out the theme for the American Institute of Chemical Engi­neers' all-day symposium of the New York section. The meeting will be held Oct. 18 at the Hotel Statler, New York City.

• The 11th plastics-paper conference of TAPPI will be held Oct. 3 and 4 at the Institute of Paper Chemistry, Appleton, Wis. Evaluation methods for paper plastics combinations, recent advances in the applications of new polymers to paper, and the internal treatment of paper with plastics are among some of the topics to be dis­cussed.

• The Federation of Paint and Varnish Production Clubs will hold its 21st Paint Industries' Show at the Nether-iand Kilton Hotel, Cincinnati, Oct. 22 to 24. Ninety exhibitors have been

assigned space for the sliow which will run concurrently with the 34th annual meeting of the federation.

• The Laboratory Apparatus and Op­tical Sections of the Scientific Appa­ratus Makers Association will hold their midyear meeting Nov. 7 to 10, at The Homestead, Hot Springs, Va. Combined sessions for manufacturers and distributors will feature ccwhat would you do" skits. These will be followed by a "Phillips 66" discussion on such questions as hiring experienced versus inexperienced men, and the manufacturers' responsibility in training and assisting distributor salesmen.

• The 11th Instrument Automation Conference and Exhibit will he held for five days beginning Sept. 17 a t the Coliseum in New York City. The meet­ing will feature a three-day instruments maintenance clinic.

• From Benzene t o Carbon will b e the theme of a symposium to b e held by the third Carbon Conference at the University of Buffalo on June 17 t o 20, 1957. Authors wishing to present papers before the various sessions must send an abstract to the Carbon Confer­ence, University of Buffalo, no later than March 15, 1957.

EQUIPMENT ( Continued from page 4441 )

• Platinum crucible, available from Baker & Co., is polygon shaped o n die upper three fourths of the sides to facili­tate handling with tongs and pouring. The bottom is flat to make the crucible more stable. Ε 10 • Pressure switch, by Barksdale Valves, senses two different pressures in one ayaiem, is UIJUS appxicaI_»J.G CO mamcam—

termined points. The switch operates two independent electrical circuits with its piston type sensing element. E l l • Vinyl a n d polyethylene tubing in sizes from 1 / 8 in. i.d. X 1 / 4 in. o.d. to 1 in. X l 1 / * in. in eleven sizes are now available from American Agile. Ε 12 • Camera for fluorescent x-ray analysis of metals, minerals, pigments, and other solids is now available from J. J. Maguire Co. The instrument, de­scribed by Birks and Brooks in Analyti­cal Chemistry, page 1147 (1955) , uses a lithium fluoride crystal and exposes a standard and tlie unknown simultane­ously, for ease of comparison of spectra.

E13 • Combination pressure reducing and relief va lve for air, gas, oil, or water service is the latest addition to Atlas Valve's Une of products. The valve operates on initial pressures to 4000 p.s.i. and features control to within 2 p.s.i., according to Atlas. Ε 14 • Paraffin oven, designed by Will Corp. especially for individual or small class use, provides the necessary conditions for infiltration, embedding, spreading, and drying and can be used for cyto-logical and histological objects and plant and animal tissue with equal ef­ficiency, according to Will. Έ 15 • Thermal conductor, designed by In­strumentation Associates, uses the cata­lytic combustion of air and hydrocar­bon vapors within a flexible metal hose to heat lines. The hose is wound around the line to be heated as is an electrical heater. According to the de­signers, the chief use for the heater is in those areas where electricity is not available or is too cosdy. Ε 16 • Steam trap, by Strong Specialties, has a vertical strainer built in to give a

con ct unit than th1 n c p « n ing system pressure between two prede- separate strainer.

ith _ E17

SEPT. 10. 1 9 5 6 C & E N 4 4 4 9