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Developmental PsychologyDevelopmental Psychology

Key studyKey studySigmund FreudSigmund Freud (1909)(1909)

Freud’s consulting roomFreud’s consulting room

The psychoanalytic The psychoanalytic theory theory

Sigmund Freud Sigmund Freud

The tripartitite structure of The tripartitite structure of human personalityhuman personality

Tripartite means - in three parts Tripartite means - in three parts

The tripartite structure of The tripartite structure of personalitypersonality

The earliest part of the human The earliest part of the human personalitypersonality

THE ID (the biological part) THE ID (the biological part) (instincts & drives) –Feed me, (instincts & drives) –Feed me, feed me now!!!!feed me now!!!!

Present at birthPresent at birth Driven by the pleasure principleDriven by the pleasure principle

The tripartite structure of The tripartite structure of personalitypersonality

The second part of the human The second part of the human personality to developpersonality to develop

THE EGO (the executive part)THE EGO (the executive part) 1 - 3 years1 - 3 years Driven by the reality principleDriven by the reality principle

The tripartite structure of The tripartite structure of personalitypersonality

The third part of the human The third part of the human personality to developpersonality to develop

THE SUPEREGO (the moral THE SUPEREGO (the moral part)part)

3 - 5 years3 - 5 years Driven by the anxiety principleDriven by the anxiety principle http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mki

n1FhojCo&feature=related

The tripartite structure of The tripartite structure of personalitypersonality

The psychic apparatus according to The psychic apparatus according to FreudFreud

Only the EGO is in the CONSCIOUS mindWe can talk about

experiences in the conscious mind

The ID resides in the UNCONSCIOUS

We can’t talk about experiences in the unconscious mind

The tripartite personalityThe tripartite personalityID >>> EGO <<< SUPEREGOID >>> EGO <<< SUPEREGO

DEVELOP DURING THE DEVELOP DURING THE FIVE psychosexual stages of FIVE psychosexual stages of

developmentdevelopment

The FIVE psychosexual stages The FIVE psychosexual stages

The Oral (Birth - 1 year)The Oral (Birth - 1 year)The Anal (1 - 3 years)The Anal (1 - 3 years)The Phallic (3 - 5/6 years)The Phallic (3 - 5/6 years)The Latency (6 - puberty)The Latency (6 - puberty)The Genital (adulthood)The Genital (adulthood)

Stage 1 - the ORAL stageStage 1 - the ORAL stage Mouth (sucking) is the source of Mouth (sucking) is the source of

pleasurepleasure

The ID is in controlThe ID is in control

In the ORAL stage …….In the ORAL stage …….

Fixation caused byFixation caused by•Over indulgenceOver indulgence

symptoms include selfishness, symptoms include selfishness, dependency, compulsive talkingdependency, compulsive talking

•FrustrationFrustrationSymptoms include nail biting, Symptoms include nail biting, sarcasm, thumb sucking, greed sarcasm, thumb sucking, greed

Stage 2 - the ANAL StageStage 2 - the ANAL StageElimination of faeces is the Elimination of faeces is the

source of pleasuresource of pleasure

The EGO developsThe EGO develops (the reality principle)(the reality principle)

In the ANAL stage ….In the ANAL stage ….

Fixation (a) Anal expulsive:Fixation (a) Anal expulsive:

symptoms: giving to charity, potters, symptoms: giving to charity, potters, gardeners, (sublimating the wish to smear)gardeners, (sublimating the wish to smear)

Fixation (b) Anal retentiveFixation (b) Anal retentive symptoms: miserly, thrifty, orderly, symptoms: miserly, thrifty, orderly,

obstinateobstinate

Stage 3 : The PHALLIC stageStage 3 : The PHALLIC stage

The Superego developsThe Superego develops

Driven by the anxiety principleDriven by the anxiety principle

The Oedipus conflict (boys)The Oedipus conflict (boys) The Electra conflict (girls) The Electra conflict (girls)

In the PHALLIC stage….In the PHALLIC stage….

Fixation caused by failure to resolve Fixation caused by failure to resolve the Oedipus / Electra conflictthe Oedipus / Electra conflict

Symptoms include: homosexuality, Symptoms include: homosexuality, curiosity, exhibitionismcuriosity, exhibitionism– a surgeon may be sublimating hostile a surgeon may be sublimating hostile

feelings towards same sex parentfeelings towards same sex parent– Writer of pornography may be Writer of pornography may be

sublimating sexual preoccupationssublimating sexual preoccupations

Latency StageLatency Stage

Nothing much goes on in this stage.Nothing much goes on in this stage. Sexual energy is put to one side Sexual energy is put to one side

whilst other important physical and whilst other important physical and intellectual development takes place.intellectual development takes place.

This explains why at around the age This explains why at around the age of 6 children no longer choose to of 6 children no longer choose to interact with opposite sex children.interact with opposite sex children.

Genital StageGenital Stage

This is the final stage and marks the This is the final stage and marks the transition into adult sexuality.transition into adult sexuality.

Freud was a product of his time and Freud was a product of his time and thought the only acceptable type of thought the only acceptable type of sexuality was heterosexuality!sexuality was heterosexuality!

Oedipus ComplexOedipus Complex

Named after an Ancient Greek Myth – Named after an Ancient Greek Myth – Oedipus Rex.Oedipus Rex.

A Little boy has an intense love for his mother A Little boy has an intense love for his mother and sees his father as a rival for her and sees his father as a rival for her affections.affections.

However, he realises that physically he is no However, he realises that physically he is no match for his father and is afraid that if his match for his father and is afraid that if his father knew of his feelings for his mother he father knew of his feelings for his mother he would punish him by castrating him (as you would punish him by castrating him (as you do!!!)do!!!)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BA35ys91QJU

Electra ComplexElectra Complex

This is the female version of the This is the female version of the Oedipus Complex and much less Oedipus Complex and much less developed by Freud.developed by Freud.

Basically, the female has a strong Basically, the female has a strong affection for her father and sees her affection for her father and sees her mum as a rival.mum as a rival.

Girls don’t have to worry about being Girls don’t have to worry about being castrated! But they do worry about castrated! But they do worry about losing their mother’s lovelosing their mother’s love