Frequency planning

frequency planning is to provide optimized frequency design that will be used to perform frequency re-plan or tuning on the existing assigned frequencies for a particular area or cluster the network.

 

Why we use frequency planning ?

1. Wireless communication between two points is established with the use of a transmitter and a receiver.

2. When two transmitters use frequencies close to one another their signals may interfere.

3. Interference depends aspects (distance b/w the transmitters, geographical position of the transmitters, the power of the signals, the direction in which the signals are transmittedand the weather conditions)

4. In case the level of interference is high, the signal's quality may be so poor at the receiver that a proper reception is impossible.

Frequency planning way

1. EM spectrum for

communication

2. Frequency band for communication

EM spectrum for communication

VLF = Very Low Frequency UHF = Ultra High Frequency LF = Low Frequency SHF = Super High Frequency MF = Medium Frequency EHF = Extra High Frequency

HF = High Frequency UV = Ultraviolet Light VHF = Very High Frequency

Frequency and wave length:

= c/f

wave length , speed of light c 3x108m/s, frequency f

5

1 Mm300 Hz

10 km30 kHz

100 m3 MHz

1 m300 MHz

10 mm30 GHz

100 m3 THz

1 m300 THz

visible light

VLF LF MF HF VHF UHF SHF EHF infrared UV

optical transmissioncoax cabletwisted pair

S.No Frequency Band Frequency Range

Typical application

1 ELF 30 to 300 Hz Electrical power transmissionControl systems

2 VF 300 to 3000 Hz Telecommunication for analog system.

3 VLF 3 to 30 KHZ Submarine

4 LF 30 to 300 KHZ Marine communication

5 MF 300 to 3000 KHz AM broadcasting

6 HF 3 to 30 MHz Military communication

7 VHF 30 to 300 MHz FM broadcasting

8 UHF 300 to 3000 MHz Mobile communication

9 SHF 3 to 30 GHz Microwave links

10 EHF 30 to 300 GHz Not used due to high loss

11 Infrared 300GHz to THz Remote control

12 Visible light 400 THz to 900THz

Optical communication

13 X-Rays 10^16 to 10^22 THz

X –rays, medical electronics

Thanks

Neeraj jangid Batch – ECE A2

Roll .no.- 09MUBECE049