fred h. sklar the role of lila in management district ... · why build lila? 2. lila design 3. the...
TRANSCRIPT
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S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
THE ROLE OF LILA IN EVERGLADES RESTORATION: HARNESSING THE POWER OF A PHYSICAL MODEL
Fred H. SklarSouth Florida Water
Management District
With
Eric Cline, Tom Dreschel, Rene Price,
Pam Sullivan, Len Scinto, Mike Ross,
Jennifer Rehage and Scot Hagerthey
April 20, 2016
Loxahatchee Impoundment Landscape Assessment (LILA)
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S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
A SCULPTED RIVER OF GRASS: Presentation Outline1. Why build LILA?
2. LILA design
3. The LILA Legacy
Fred H. SklarSection Administrator
Everglades System Assessment Section
South Florida Water Management District
Presentation to the USACOE EAB
and Chief
December 2, 2015
Loxahatchee Impoundment Landscape Assessment (LILA)
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S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
Example: Tree Islands in the Everglades
WHY BUILD LILA?
Left: a typical tree island of the Everglades in WCA-3. Right: A ghost tree island in WCA-2 with most of the trees having been replaced with herbaceous vegetation.
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S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
Date: 2004 Count: 496 (-55.2%) Hectares: 2,291.3 (-58.1%)RECOVER Tree Island Mapping – SRS Results
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S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
Tree Islands: Why are 60% of the tree islands in the extant Everglades gone? What are the hydrologic requirements for a landscape of tree
islands? How did these islands become P rich?
Ridge and Slough: Is the decline of slough habitat the cause of the 90% decline in
wading birds? What is the role of flow? What hydroperiods prevent soil subsidence?
WHY BUILD LILA?
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S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
LILA ObjectiveDefine the hydrologic regimes that will sustain and restore a healthy
Everglades landscape with an emphasis on tree islands, ridge and slough patterns and wading bird communities
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S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
LILA DESIGN
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S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
L-40 levee
Header cell
M4 M3 M2 M1
Collection canal
Gate sensor Island CulvertStage gauge CR10 BoardwalkFlow station Enclosure
LILA Design: Each Macrocosm (M1-M4) is 20 acres
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S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
Construction of LILA Pump and Trash Rake
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S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
Construction of LILA 2002 – 2003
March 2003
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S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
WCA-1
L-40
Peat soil from the deep slough is used to construct tree islands.
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S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
WCA-1
L-40
One island in each macrocosm is constructed of limestone levee material
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1.01.21.41.61.82.02.22.42.62.83.03.23.43.63.84.04.24.44.64.85.05.25.45.65.86.0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210
Distance (m)
Cross-section of a macrocosm
Levee
Tree island
Ridge
Shallow slough
Shallow and deep alligator holes
Deep sloughElevation (m NGVD)
Canal refugia
Slough constriction
Shallow and deep alligator holes
Levee
--- Occur discontinuously
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S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
LILA OPERATIONAL HYDROGRAPH
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S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
WCA-1
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S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
Italia Gray
May 2004
3000 trees3 days30 people
Eric ClineSite Manager
Tree Planting I
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S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
Tree Planting II and III: March 2006 & March 2007
George Pelt Len Scinto, Rene Price
Mike Ross, Susanna Stoffella and volunteers
Five –thousand seven-hundred and thirty-six (5,736) native trees
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S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
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S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
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S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
2006
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S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
2007
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S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
2008
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S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
2009
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S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
2010
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S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
2011
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S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
2014
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S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
Survival and growth of eight tree species along an hydrologic gradient on two tree island types
Mike RossSusanna StoffellaTom Dreschel
A Physical Investigation of Groundwater-Surface Water Interaction
Rene’ Price; Pamela SullivanTom Dreschel
Determination of nutrient limitation on trees growing on tree islands
Mike RossSuresh SubediEric Cline
The LILA Legacy: Tree Islands
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S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
The LILA Legacy: Role of flow on the distribution of sediments
Slough Flow Direction
Newly Planted LILA Tree Island
Scot Hagerthey (SFWMD) and Kevin Black (PARTRAC, Ltd)
Flow in the Everglades is
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S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
Ridge and Slough Transplant (RAST) StudyLeonard Scinto Ryan DesliuEric Cline
Crayfish population studies in LILA: Drought Response / Predator Release
Nate van DornCraig der HeidenMark Cook
Tracking fish movement using passive integrated transponder (PIT) technology.
Jennifer Rehage, Mark Cook, ??
The LILA Legacy: Ridge and Slough
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
0
2
4
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Mar-09 Sep-09 Mar-10 Sep-10 Mar-11
A.
B.
D t
Small
Fish D
ensit
y (m
ean #
/m2
±SE)
Crayfi
sh De
nsity
(m
ean #
/m2
±SE)
Before After
Control Wetland (M1)
Dried Wetland (M3)Control Wetland (M2)
Dried Wetland (M4)
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S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
Tracking wading bird prey: Jennifer Rehage
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The LILA Science is Cutting Edge
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S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
The LILA Budget is Modest:
Name FUND Amount
LILA Imagery 101 $6,000
Veg Mgmt. (Contract Service) 101 $7,500
Maintenance & Repair 101 $25,000
COOP with LNWR 101 $15,000
Ridge & Slough Science 220 $170,000
Faunal Response to Hydrology 220 $30,000
Pump Fuel 101 $1,500
Tools and Equipment 101 $6,000
Pump Electricity 101 $8,800
TOTAL $269,800
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S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
The LILA Future is Bright
Study Objective Tree Islands Nursery techniques for creation of tree islands.
Tree Islands Determine the processes and hydrology that accounts for prevalence of tree island elevation loss
Ridge & Slough
Develop appropriate techniques for measuring elevation change in sawgrass and slough habitats.
Wildlife Determine the effect of deep water refugia, such as canals, on native, exotic and invasive species of fish and invertebrates utilized by wading birds.
Wildlife Hydrologic needs of small heron species
Resilience Determine climate change tolerance and adaptation mechanisms in relation to hydrologic management
Study
Objective
Tree Islands
Nursery techniques for creation of tree islands.
Tree Islands
Determine the processes and hydrology that accounts for prevalence of tree island elevation loss
Ridge & Slough
Develop appropriate techniques for measuring elevation change in sawgrass and slough habitats.
Wildlife
Determine the effect of deep water refugia, such as canals, on native, exotic and invasive species of fish and invertebrates utilized by wading birds.
Wildlife
Hydrologic needs of small heron species
Resilience
Determine climate change tolerance and adaptation mechanisms in relation to hydrologic management
The Role of LILA in �Everglades �Restoration: A Sculpted �River of Grass: WHY build LILA?Slide Number 4WHY build LILA?Slide Number 6LILA DESIGNSlide Number 8Slide Number 9Slide Number 10Slide Number 11Slide Number 12Slide Number 13LILA Operational HydrographSlide Number 15Slide Number 16Slide Number 17Slide Number 18M1WPSlide Number 20Slide Number 21Slide Number 22Slide Number 23Slide Number 24Slide Number 25Slide Number 26Slide Number 27Slide Number 28Slide Number 29Slide Number 30Slide Number 31Slide Number 32