frankfurt, germany 15 october 2018 - european drone summit · cyprus r czech rep. r denmark r...

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Challenges & Opportunities

Peter van Blijenburgh

[email protected]

[email protected]

Frankfurt, Germany

15 October 2018

© UVS International

Civil Drone Operations (Current & Future)

15 October 2018

What is UVS International

International non-profit association registered in The Netherlands

Operates out of offices in Paris, France

Founded in 1998

Board of Directors = Representatives from 24 Countries

FEDERATES t 24 national RPAS associations in 22 countries

REPRESENTS t 4900 companies & organizations from 35 countries on all continents

t RPAS Operators t RPAS Manufacturers t Service Suppliers

INVOLVEMENT Long-standing (since 2000) advocacy for the creation of RPAS-related rules

& regulations + standards at:

t European level Participant in ALL EC RPAS initiatives

INITIATOR of & Participant in former EUROCAE WG73

INITIATOR of & Participant in former EUROCAE WG93

t International level Participant in former ICAO UAS Study Group

Participant in current ICAO RPAS Panel

Strong international promoter of JARUS

Page: 2/25© UVS International15 October 2018

Page: 3/25© UVS International

Board of Directors

15 October 2018

International RPAS Coordination Council

Representatives of National Associations


UVS International Is Member Of

t ICAO RPAS Panel

t ICAO Space Learning Group

t JARUS Industry Stakeholder Consultation Body (ICB)

t EC RPAS Roadmap Implementation Coordination Group

t EC U-Space Working Group

t EASA General Aviation Sectorial Committee

t EASA RMT.023 RPAS Expert Group

t EASA Stakeholder Advisory Group Drone Committee

t EC Expert Group on Drones

t European UAS Standards Coordination Group

© UVS International Page: 5/25

= UAV-DACH participation through UVS International

15 October 2018

International

Level

European

Level

International RPAS Coordination Council


24 National Associations – 22 Countries

Representing 4937 Companies

Italy ASSORPAS 58

Australia ACUO 1000

Austria AAI-UAS-WG 34

Belgium BeUAS 175

Canada Unmanned Systems 186

Finland RPAS Finland 17

France FPDC 275

Germany UAV-DACH 170

Latvia LARPAS 30

Netherlands DARPAS 64

Norway UAS Norway 810

Switzerland SFCD 190

United Kingdom ARPAS 620

Italy FIAPR 94

Japan JUIDA 370

Romania UVS Romania 10

South Africa + CUAASA 110

Namibia + Botswana

Portugal APANT 30Czech Rep. UAVA 40

Poland SBSL 50

Belgium EUKA 234

Germany CURPAS 55

China Shenzhen UAVIA 35

Japan JDC 280

15 October 2018

Austria R

Belgium R

Cyprus R

Czech Rep. R

Denmark R

Finland R

France R

Germany R

Ireland R

Italy R

Netherlands R

Norway R

Poland R

Spain R

Sweden R

Switzerland U

UK R

Bulgaria R

Croatia R

Estonia R

Greece R

Latvia R

Lithuania R

Luxembourg R

Malta U

Portugal R

Romania R

Slovak Rep. R

Slovenia R

Hungary U

European Union + Norway & Switzerland

Regulatory Status – Europe

Countries with National RPAS Rules U or Regulation R

U Rules: Permits-to-Fly are granted by National Aviation Authority (NAA), based on specific national rules, &

possibly on a case-to-case exemption basis (also in countries where no national regulation exists).


National Civil Drone Council

15 October 2018

Austria 198

Belgium 200 EST

Cyprus 2

Czech Rep. 24

Denmark 575

Finland 33

France 7004

Germany 750 EST

Ireland 30

Italy 965

Netherlands 498

Norway 550

Poland 2000

Spain 3040

Sweden 224

Switzerland 5

UK 2450

Bulgaria 20 EST

Croatia 30 EST

Estonia 20 EST

Greece 30 EST

Latvia 20 EST

Lithuania 20 EST

Luxembourg 20 EST

Malta 20 EST

Portugal 40 EST

Romania 20 EST

Slovak Rep. 10 EST

Slovenia 20 EST

Hungary ?

Certificated: Any form of recognition that a product, part or appliance, organisation or person complies with the

applicable requirements, including the provisions of a regulation and its implementing rules, as well

as the issuance of the relevant certificate attesting such compliance (EASA Basic Reg. Art. 3).

Operator: Person, organisation or enterprise engaged in or offering to engage in an RPAS operation (ICAO).

17 818 Certificated RPAS Operators

European Union + Norway & Switzerland

Regulatory Status – Europe


EU (28) + Norway & Switzerland

ICAO Members 30 / 30

JARUS Members 26 / 30

National RPAS Associations 21

RPAS Regulation In Place 27 / 30

RPAS Rules in Place 03 / 30

Quantity: Certificated Operators 17 818

Rules: Permits-to-Fly are granted by National Aviation Authority (NAA), based on specific national rules,

and possibly on a case-to-case exemption basis (also in countries where no national regulation exists).

Certificated: Any form of recognition that a product, part or appliance, organisation or person complies

with the applicable requirements, including the provisions of a regulation and its implementing rules, as

well as the issuance of the relevant certificate attesting such compliance (EASA Basic Reg. Art. 3).

(The term “Certificated” is used because there is no internationally agreed understanding of the meaning

of the terms “Authorized” & “Approved”)

Federated by UVS International

RPAS Regulatory Status – Europe

+ EASA & Eurocontrol

+ EASA & Eurocontrol

Most Current Operations

Are In VLOS


Harmonized Regulations – Europe

The many different national laws for drones fragment the EU market

and put high demands on pilots and operators (re: mutual recognition of

licenses & certificates).

The European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) has developed a

uniform regime for drones (Operation-centric & Not based on Maximum

Take-off Mass) with its Notice for Proposed Amendment (NPA) 2017-5

(A & B) u & subsequent “Opinion” u .

EU adoption of the new regulation is planned for mid 2019 with rapid

national implementation to follow (6 months/2 years).


u : Document available at: https://rpas-regulations.com/community-info/

15 October 2018


The EASA Approach

Risk-/Operation-centric

The nature of the risk is inherent to the operation & must be

specifically addressed.

Proportionate

Mitigation measures + implementation costs & resources

must be proportionate to the risk they address.

Performance-based

Rules need to be technology transparent & should not

mandate a solution.



3 Operational Categories

Open: Leisure operations & simple commercial applications (UA: <25 kg).

In visual line of site (VLOS) & below 120 m above ground level (AGL).

Product safety standards apply (C€ marking).

3 categories of use: A1 (over people)

A2 (close to people)

A3 (far away from people)

5 drone classes: C0 - C4

No prior authorisation by competent authority required

No declaration by operator to be submitted

Specific: Complex operations with pre-defined “standard” scenarios [incl.

beyond visual line of sight (BVLOS) below 120 m AGL] based on Specific

Operation Risk Assessment (SORA) – Declaration by operator, or

operator must hold a Light UAS Operator Certificate (LUC).

Otherwise, authorisation by the competent authority required.

Certified: For high risk operations (BVLOS & above 120 m AGL) – Certification of

UA & operator & licensing of flight crew required (similar to current

manned aviation requirements).


Sub-Cat UAS

Class

Maximum Take-Off

Mass

Maximum Altitude Main Technical Capacities Electronic-ID,

Geo-fencing

A1

Above

Persons

C0 250 gr

Limited to 120 m AGL

Comply with directive

on safety of toys

Follow-me mode: <50 m / pilot

Directive on safety of toys

Awareness leaflet

Max. speed: 19 m/s

C1

< 900 gr and

max. speed 18 m/s, or

kinetic energy < 80

Joules


Follow-me mode: <50 m / pilot

Lost link management

Selectable flight altitude limit

Battery status Lights

Awareness leaflet

Sound below 60 decibels

Max. speed: 19 m/s

E-identification

Geo-awareness

A2 Close

to

PersonsC2 < 4 kg


C2 link protection


Selectable flight altitude limit


Awareness leaflet

Sound below 60 decibels

E-

identification

Geo-

awareness

A3

Far away

from

Persons

C3 < 25 kg Limited to 120 m AGL

C2 link protection



Awareness leaflet

E-

identification

Geo-

awareness

C4 < 25 kg

Designed/produced to fly safely

No automatic flight modes

Awareness leaflet

EASA Open Category = 5 Drone Classes



E-Identificat.:

- Operators

registration

number

- UA serial

number

- UA geo

position

- UA altitude

- Geo take-off

point

- Timestamp

Label with Class designation must be on UA

15 October 2018



Relevant Published Documents

May 2017 EASA - NPA 1705-05 (A & B)

Operation of Drones in the “Open” & “Specific” Categories

June 2017 EUROCONTROL

RPAS ATM CONOPS (Concept of Operations)

Nov. 2017 Helsinki Declaration

Feb. 2018 EASA - Opinion No 01/2018

Introduction of a Regulatory Framework for the Operation

of UAS in the “Open” & “Specific” Categories

Feb. 2018 SESAR Joint Undertaking - European ATM Master Plan:

Roadmap for the Safe Integration of Drones into all Classes

of Airspace

Oct. 2018 European Commission

Drone Implementing & Delegated Acts

Documents available at: https://rpas-regulations.com/community-info/

15 October 2018

Survey on Civil Drone Operations


Chinese, English, French, German, Italian, Japanese,

Polish, Spanish - OPERATION-CENTRIC

Target Current & Future Professional Drone Operators in All Countries

Operator A company or organisation (gvmt or non-gvmt) conducting or planning to conduct

commercial or non-commercial flight operations with drones.

Categories Corporate (Operator, Manufacturer/Operator; Flight School; Commercial

Research Organisation)

Non-Corporate (Governmental Non-Military Entity; NGO; Non-Commercial

Research Organisation, University)

PURPOSE = DEFINE, CLASSIFY, IDENTIFY & PLACE IN ORDER OF IMPORTANCE

Current operations in compliance with applicable national rules or regulations

- Market sectors

- Flight mission purposes - VLOS & E-VLOS & BLOS - (below 120 m AGL)

Operations in the short term (1-2 years)

- Market sectors

- Flight mission purposes – VLOS & BLOS - (below 120 m AGL)

Operations in the medium term (2-5 years)

- Market sectors

- Flight mission purposes – VLOS & BLOS - (below & above 120 m AGL)

See: https://rps-info.com/surveys/

LOS =

Line of sight

VLOS =

Visual LOS

E-VLOS =

Extended

VLOS

BLOS =

Beyond LOS

15 October 2018

M

U

T

U

A

L

I

Z

A

T

I

O

N

Not State Flights Civil Protection

Incl. Safety related Fire Fighters

National Mapping Agencies

State Flights Customs

Security related Police

Border Guards

Coast Guard

Military uGovernmental

Non-Governmental

Non-Military

General Aviation Corporate Operations

Flight Training / Instruction

Pleasure (private non-commercial)

Commercial Air Transport Scheduled Air Service

(Transport of Persons & Freight) Non-scheduled Revenue Operations u

Non-revenue Operations

u

u

u

u

u

u

u

Commercial

Non-Commercial

(incl. Corporate Operations)

Training / Instruction

Other Miscellaneous

Aerial Work

u

u

u

u

N

O

N

M

I

L

I

T

A

R

Y

O

P

S

Model Aircraft u

Leisure Recreational Drones u

Flying Toys u

Page: 16/25

VLOS

E-VLOS

BLOS

RLOS

B-RLOS

VLOS

E-VLOS

BLOS

RLOS

B-RLOS

BLOS

RLOS

B-RLOS

VLOS

VLOS = Visual Line-of-Sight

E-VLOS = Extended VLOS

BLOS = Beyond Line-of-Sight

RLOS = Radio Line-of-Sight

B-RLOS = Beyond RLOS



Professional RPAS Usage

Current Operations: u15 October 2018

- Duo (student instruction by licensed pilot)

- Solo (unaided student flight)

- Check (qualification verification of pilot

license holder)

Flight Training / Instruction (Private & Commercial)

Other Miscellaneous (Private & Commercial) - Test / Experimental

- Demonstration

- Ferry / Positioning

- Air Show / Race

Commercial & Non-Commercial (Including Corporate Operations)1

2

3

Transport (Commercial & Non-Commercial)

Aerial Work

Freight: - Internal Loads

- External Loads

Persons

An aircraft operation in which an aircraft is used for specialized (flight) services such as agriculture,

construction, photography, surveying, observation, patrol, search & rescue, aerial advertisement, etc.

(Chicago Convention, Annex 6 Part 1, Chapter 1.H9)

Professional RPAS Operations

See “Community Info” on www.rpas-regulations.com

for additional information on aerial work

Page: 17/25


© UVS International15 October 2018


Participation Status


CORPORATE

Drone Manufacturer & Operator 16 %

Drone Operator 53 %

Flight School 11 %

Commercial Research Organisation 9,5 %

NON-CORPORATE

Governmental - Drone Operator 2,5 %

Governmental – Non-Comm. Research Organisation 2,5 %

Academia / University - Research & Educational 5,5 %

Total 100 %

Survey Contributors: 1004

Market Sector Forms Received 10 134

Flight Mission Purpose Forms Received 9 481

15 October 2018

67 Contributing Countries & 3 FR Overseas Territories

Argentina Australia Austria Bangladesh Belgium

Bosnia & Herze. Botswana Brazil Bulgaria Canada

Central African Rep. Chile China Colombia Croatia

Czech Rep. Denmark Ecuador Estonia France

FR – Guadeloupe FR - New Caledonia FR - La Réunion Germany Ghana

Greece Hong Kong Hungary Iceland India

Indonesia Ireland Israel Italy Japan

Kenya Kuwait Latvia Madagascar Malawi

Malaysia Mexico Mozambique Netherlands New Zealand

Nicaragua Nigeria Norway Peru Poland

Portugal Qatar Romania Russian Fed. Senegal

Singapore South Africa Spain Sweden Switzerland

Tanzania Thailand Turkey Uganda Ukraine

UK USA Uruguay Venezuela Zambia


© UVS International Page: 19/2515 October 2018

Aerial Photos, Audio-Visual, Advertising

Construction & Real Estate

Maintenance

Research & Scientific

Agriculture, Fishery, Forestry

Environmental (Protection / Conservation)

Flight Training/Instruction

Remote Operations - Sensing

Utility Companies (Public & Private)

Cinema & TV Industry

Miscellaneous – Demonstration

Heritage & Historical Monument Management

Mining & Exploration


Market Sectors

(In decreasing order of importance)


See https://rps-info.com/surveys for explanations (including in German)

Public Safety

Flight operations conducted by or for civil

protection/defence, emergency services, fire

brigades & firefighting services, public services,

rescue services and utility companies, relative to

safety of the general public.

Entertainment & Artistic Expression

News Gathering & Broadcasting

Insurance (Claim Investigations)

Public Security & Law Enforcement

Flight operations conducted by or for municipal,

regional or state police, border guards, coast

guard, custom authorities, harbour authorities.

Humanitarian Relief (incl. NGOs)

Policy Compliance & Legal Proof

Remote Operations – Non-Sensing

Miscellaneous – Air Show/Racing

Transport

Miscellaneous – Ferry/Positioning

15 October 2018

Aerial Work - Applications

Flight Mission Purposes

(In decreasing order of importance)


See https://rps-info.com/surveys for explanations (including in German)

Aerial Photos

& Film/Video

Footage

Mapping

Inspection

Measuring

Surveying

Monitoring

Testing

Localization

Observation

Dispensing

Aerial Acrobatics &

Special Effects

Spraying

Manipulation

Deterring

Transport - Goods

Sky Painting

Water Bombing

Sky Writing

Transport - Persons

Sensing

Identification

Surveillance

Search & Rescue

Validation

Patrolling

Spotting

Tracking

Exploration

Advertising

Special Purpose

Relief Flight

15 October 2018

What Is Urgently Required

- EU « Product Safety » Rules - (See EC’s Draft Delegated Act)

- Detect & Avoid (D&A)

- Geo-Awareness

- RPA Remote E-Identification system

- RPA Registration (unique serial number – Standard: ANSI/CTA-2063)

- Design & Production Standards (incl. software)

- Flight School Qualification

- Remote Pilot Training & Qualification

- RPAS Operator Qualification

- Safety Rules for Test Ranges

Regulatory

Societal

Product Safety &

Standards

- Flight Operation Rules

- Definition of U-Space Concept Elements

- U-Space & ATM/ATC Integration

- Definition Standard Specific Scenarios & EASA-approved SORA

R & D

- D&A, Geo-Awareness, Identification

- Drone Registration

- U-Space Building Block Validation

- Harmonized Data Protection & Privacy Rules

- Public Awareness Creation & Continuation of

- Terminology Harmonization

Capability Demonstrations

- D&A, Geo-Awareness, Identification

- Drone Registration

- U-Space Building Blocks

Technology

Capability Demos &

R&D Identification

RPA (<25 kg) - VLL (<120 m AGL) & BVLOS Operations


Efforts Required

Regulatory

Technology

Cap. Demos &

R&D Identification

Drones

Pilots

Operators

Societal

U-Space / ATM

Safety-related Security-related

U-Space / UTM / ATM-related

We Are on the Right Path

Significant Airspace Challenges & Efforts Required

U-Space Demonstrator Network

Regulatory Framework

We Are on the Right Path

Standards &

Product SafetySignificant Efforts & Coordinated Action & Shorter Timelines &

Adapted Work Methodology URGENTLY Required

Data Protection & Privacy

General Public Acceptance

We Are on the Right Path, but ……

Awareness Creation Efforts Required

RPAS Community Responsibility &

Coordinated EU Effort Required

Significant Harmonisation Efforts Required in EU

Significant Efforts Required

Page: 23/25

Standard Scenarios Significant Efforts URGENTLY Required


Insurance We Are on the Right Path

EU on the Right Path:

- SESAR demos ongoing

- Urban Air Mobility Initiative

- U-Space Demonstrator Network

Awareness

RPA (<25 kg) - VLL (<120 m AGL) & BVLOS Operations

15 October 2018

Civil Drone Councils (CDC)

1 Bring together the competencies of large companies & SMEs,

which have a collective responsibility

2 Create a national opinion

3 Focus national industry on important action points:

t Urgent matters not dealt with by EASA Opinion, e.g.:

- Pilot Training & Qualification

- Flight School Approval

- Safety rules for test ranges

- Product Safety standards (Open category)

- Standard Scenarios (Specific category)

t Matters of critical importance, e.g.:

- SORA

- Identification & prioritizing standards (Specific category)

t Airspace integration

4 Coordination between CDCs will accelerate the creation of a

harmonized European approach


Purpose & Importance

UVS INTERNATIONAL

86 rue Michel Ange

FR-75016 Paris

France

Tel.: +33-1-46.51.88.65

Fax: +33-1-46.51.05.22

www.uvs-international.org

www.rpas-regulations.com

www.rps-info.com

www.rpas-civops.com - Madrid, Spain – 23 & 24 Jan. 2019

Drone Operations Survey Portal

© UVS International Page: 25/2515 October 2018

https://rpas-regulations.com/

community-info/

https://rpas-regulations.com/

community-info/editorials-notifications/

https://rps-info.com/publications/

http://www.rpas-civops.com/

https://rps-info.com/surveys/

https://rps-info.com/publications/