UNIT 2 – THE ISLAM

2nd of ESO – Rodriguez Marin Institute – Osuna (Seville)

What is the Islam?2nd of ESO – Rodriguez Marin Institute – Osuna (Seville)The word “Islam” has two different meanings

1. The religion preached by Muhammad in the 7th century AD

2. The empire conquered by the Muslims in The 7th and 8th century.

Islam was born in Arabia, a vast desert area between the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf

The founder of Islam was…..

… Muhammad

MuhammadMuhammad was a merchant from Mecca.

He heard the call of Allah and preached a new religion, Islam.

This religion was not welcome in Meccaand he had to flee to the city of Medina in 622 AD.

This migration is called Hegira. the year 622 is the year zero of the Muslim calendar.

Do you know the name of the sacred book of Islam?

Five obligations of theMuslims:

The Islamic religious doctrine

THE QUR'AN

1. Profession of faith

2. Pray five times a day

3.Pilgrimage to Mecca once in a lifetime

4. Fasting during the month of Ramadan

5. Alms (=limosnas).

The diffusion of IslamMuhammad and his powerful army conquered the city of Mecca, and Islam spread in all the rest of Arabia.

After Muhammad's death, the Muslim army continuedconquering territories and the Islam became a greatempire.

Which were the most important Islamic cities in Europe at that time?

Did the Muslim army conquer territories in Europe?

Islam in EuropeOne of the most important Islamic cities in Europe was this one:

Other important cities were:

Today, can you see any trace of Islamic civilization In the town and cities of Andalusia? Give the class an example

(CÓRDOBA)

Traces of Islam in AndalusiaFor example, let's compare the following pictures:

MARRAKESH (Morocco)SEVILLA

Are they similar or not?

Where do you think these monuments are?

So we can say that...

A trace of Islam in Andalusia can be found lookingat the cities' ARCHITECTURE

Islamic art typically doesn't include portraits of people or animals: it often uses geometric patterns to decorate buildings.

Have you ever seen something like this here in Andalusia?

So we can say that... Here in Andalusia, we find traces of Islamic

civilization in:

- ARCHITECTURE- ART AND DECORATIONS (for example, in the

typical azulejos)

-Which language did the first followers of Muhammad speak?

They spoke Arab

What other traces of Islam can we find?

THE END !