frameworks for health professional … · eliezer b. blanes philippine dental ... government passed...

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FRAMEWORKS FOR FRAMEWORKS FOR

HEALTH PROFESSIONAL HEALTH PROFESSIONAL

REGULATION: REGULATION:

THE PHILIPPINE SETTINGTHE PHILIPPINE SETTING

DR. ELIEZER B. BLANESDR. ELIEZER B. BLANES

PHILIPPINE DENTAL ASSOCIATIONPHILIPPINE DENTAL ASSOCIATION

PRESIDENT 2007PRESIDENT 2007--20082008

THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS

PROFESSIONAL REGULATIONS:PROFESSIONAL REGULATIONS:

�� Protect the citizen of the country from Protect the citizen of the country from abuse and neglect.abuse and neglect.

�� Provides the benchmark of quality and Provides the benchmark of quality and excellent service of the different health excellent service of the different health professionals.professionals.

�� Minimize if not eradicate the illMinimize if not eradicate the ill--effects of effects of malpractice and illegal practice of a malpractice and illegal practice of a profession.profession.

ILLEGAL PRACTICE IN THE ILLEGAL PRACTICE IN THE PHILIPPINESPHILIPPINES

�� Fake professional licenseFake professional license

�� Under board dental graduatesUnder board dental graduates

�� Dental technicians and hygienistsDental technicians and hygienists

�� Professional misrepresentationProfessional misrepresentation

Legislative and Policy FrameworkLegislative and Policy Framework

Philippine ConstitutionPhilippine Constitution

(section 14, Article 12 of the 1987 (section 14, Article 12 of the 1987 Constitution)Constitution)

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“The practice of all profession in “The practice of all profession in the Philippines shall be limited the Philippines shall be limited to the Filipino citizens, save in to the Filipino citizens, save in

cases prescribed by law.”cases prescribed by law.”

Section 14 Article 12 Philippine ConstitutionSection 14 Article 12 Philippine Constitution

Government enacts laws on Government enacts laws on

professional regulationprofessional regulation

CURRENT REGULATORY SETUP CURRENT REGULATORY SETUP

Professional Regulations Commission Professional Regulations Commission

(Republic Act No. 8981)(Republic Act No. 8981)

Professional Regulatory Boards of the Professional Regulatory Boards of the different professionalsdifferent professionals

(43 Boards)(43 Boards)

CURRENT REGULATORY SETUP CURRENT REGULATORY SETUP

Professional Regulatory Boards of the Professional Regulatory Boards of the different health professionalsdifferent health professionals

Accredited National Professional Accredited National Professional OrganizationOrganization

(recognized by the regulatory board)(recognized by the regulatory board)

Complaints and Grievance CommitteeComplaints and Grievance CommitteeCommittee on Dental EducationCommittee on Dental EducationCommittee on Legal AffairsCommittee on Legal AffairsCommittee on Legislation and LawsCommittee on Legislation and LawsCommittee on EthicsCommittee on Ethics

REGULATORY LAW OF REGULATORY LAW OF DENTISTRY IN THE PHILIPPINESDENTISTRY IN THE PHILIPPINES

�� HISTORYHISTORY

�� January 10, 1903January 10, 1903

�� Philippine commission by authority of the US Philippine commission by authority of the US government passed ‘ACT NO. 593’; government passed ‘ACT NO. 593’; “act regulating the practice of dentistry in the “act regulating the practice of dentistry in the Philippine Islands”Philippine Islands”



�� June 18, 1949June 18, 1949

�� Under the new Philippine RepublicUnder the new Philippine Republic

�� ‘Republic Act 417’; ‘Republic Act 417’; “an act to regulate the practice of dentistry in “an act to regulate the practice of dentistry in the Philippines and for other purposes”the Philippines and for other purposes”



�� June 19, 1965June 19, 1965

�� Philippine CongressPhilippine Congress

�� ‘Republic Act 4419’ or ‘The Philippine Dental ‘Republic Act 4419’ or ‘The Philippine Dental Act of 1965’Act of 1965’

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�� February 19, 2007February 19, 2007

�� Philippine Senate and CongressPhilippine Senate and Congress

�� ‘Republic Act no 9484’ or ‘The Philippine ‘Republic Act no 9484’ or ‘The Philippine Dental Act of 2007’Dental Act of 2007’

DENTAL ACT OF 2007DENTAL ACT OF 2007(Republic Act 9484)(Republic Act 9484)

�� “An act that provides for the “An act that provides for the regulation, control and regulation, control and supervision of the practice of supervision of the practice of dentistry, dental hygienist and dentistry, dental hygienist and dental technologist”dental technologist”

SALIENT POINTS OF SALIENT POINTS OF REPUBLIC ACT 9484REPUBLIC ACT 9484

�� Broader Powers and Function of the Broader Powers and Function of the Professional Regulatory Board of DentistryProfessional Regulatory Board of Dentistry

�� Creation of Specialty Boards in DentistryCreation of Specialty Boards in Dentistry

�� Supervision and Regulation of the practice of Supervision and Regulation of the practice of dental technologists and dental hygienistsdental technologists and dental hygienists

�� Prescribe Code of Ethics and Code of Dental Prescribe Code of Ethics and Code of Dental PracticePractice

�� Full implementation of Continuing Professional Full implementation of Continuing Professional EducationEducation


�� Integration Provision of Dentist, Dental Integration Provision of Dentist, Dental technologists, Dental hygieniststechnologists, Dental hygienists

�� All dentist, dental technologist and hygienist All dentist, dental technologist and hygienist are integrated into are integrated into ONEONE national organizationnational organization


�� Penal Provision and Enforcement of the Penal Provision and Enforcement of the LawLaw

�� Stiffer penalty for illegal practice of dentistryStiffer penalty for illegal practice of dentistry

�� New penalties are:New penalties are:

�� Fine of $10,000.00 to $12,000.00 USDFine of $10,000.00 to $12,000.00 USD

�� Imprisonment of 2 to 5 yearsImprisonment of 2 to 5 years


�� Promulgation and strict implementation of Promulgation and strict implementation of the Code of Ethics and Code of Dental the Code of Ethics and Code of Dental Practice of Dentist, Dental Hygienist and Practice of Dentist, Dental Hygienist and Dental Technologist.Dental Technologist.

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STANDARD CRITERIA FOR DENTAL STANDARD CRITERIA FOR DENTAL

PROFESSIONAL REGULATIONPROFESSIONAL REGULATION(as provided in the new dental law)(as provided in the new dental law)

1.1. Qualification of examinees Qualification of examinees

2.2. Qualification for registrationQualification for registration

3.3. Requirements for continued practice of Requirements for continued practice of the professionthe profession

4.4. The Code of Ethics and Code of Dental The Code of Ethics and Code of Dental PracticePractice

CURRENT SCENARIO OF CURRENT SCENARIO OF

DENTAL PRACTICE IN DENTAL PRACTICE IN

THE PHILIPPINESTHE PHILIPPINES

IT IS NOT THE QUALITY OF SERVICE IT IS NOT THE QUALITY OF SERVICE OF DENTAL PROFESSIONALS THAT OF DENTAL PROFESSIONALS THAT IS THE PROBLEM BUT THE EXODUS IS THE PROBLEM BUT THE EXODUS

OF DENTAL PROFESSIONALS TO OF DENTAL PROFESSIONALS TO ANOTHER PROFESSION AND THE ANOTHER PROFESSION AND THE

DWINDLING POPULATION OF DWINDLING POPULATION OF DENTAL STUDENTS IN THE DENTAL STUDENTS IN THE

COUNTRYCOUNTRY

COMPARISON BETWEEN COMPARISON BETWEEN BOARD APPLICANTS AND BOARD APPLICANTS AND

PASSERS (DENTISTPASSERS (DENTIST--NURSE)NURSE)

DENTIST (JAN 2008)DENTIST (JAN 2008) NURSE (FEB 2008)NURSE (FEB 2008)

BOARD APPLICANTSBOARD APPLICANTS

900900

BOARD APPICANTSBOARD APPICANTS

66,12066,120

BOARD PASSERSBOARD PASSERS

314314

BOARD PASSERSBOARD PASSERS

28,92428,924

PROFESSIONAL REGULATION COMMISSION STATISTICS 2008

PLANNED GOVERNMENT PLANNED GOVERNMENT INTERVENTIONINTERVENTION

1.1. Compulsory two years rural area service Compulsory two years rural area service for nursesfor nurses

2.2. A requirement for employment abroad is A requirement for employment abroad is at least two years clinical experience for at least two years clinical experience for nurses (government to employer nurses (government to employer arrangement)arrangement)

3.3. Full curriculum versus abbreviated Full curriculum versus abbreviated curriculumcurriculum

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CURRENT DENTAL SCHOOL CURRENT DENTAL SCHOOL ENROLLMENT STATUSENROLLMENT STATUS

BASED ON THE 2008 REPORT OF PHIL DENTAL ASSOC CHAIR ON DENTAL EDUCATION

MANILAMANILA 3,500 STUDENTS3,500 STUDENTS

(4 OF 9 SCHOOLS HAVE (4 OF 9 SCHOOLS HAVE LESS THAN 100 LESS THAN 100 STUDENTS ENROLLED)STUDENTS ENROLLED)

NORTH OF MANILANORTH OF MANILA

SOUTH OF MANILASOUTH OF MANILA

600 STUDENTS600 STUDENTS

400 STUDENTS400 STUDENTS

VISAYAS/MINDANAOVISAYAS/MINDANAO 1,200 STUDENTS1,200 STUDENTS

TOTALTOTAL 5,700 STUDENTS5,700 STUDENTS

SURVEY ON THE PROFESSION SURVEY ON THE PROFESSION OF CHOICE FROM HIGH OF CHOICE FROM HIGH

SCHOOL GRADUATESSCHOOL GRADUATES

5% 2%

12%

7%

28%0%

12%

18%

2%

7%

7%

law

accounting

masscom

chemistry/pharmacy

business/entrepreneurship

dentistry

computer related courses

nursing

architecture

medicine

engineering2007 SURVEY-PDA VP LUZON SOUTH

PLANNED GOVERNMENT PLANNED GOVERNMENT INTERVENTIONINTERVENTION

1.1. The Concept of The Concept of “Ladderized Dental Education”“Ladderized Dental Education”

1.1. To make dental education more attractive to To make dental education more attractive to younger generation of studentsyounger generation of students

2.2. To increase job opportunities for students To increase job opportunities for students going for a dental degreegoing for a dental degree

“Ladderized Dental Education”“Ladderized Dental Education”

1st year college 1st year college –– dental assistantdental assistant

2nd year college 2nd year college –– dental technologistdental technologist

1st year dental proper 1st year dental proper –– dental hygienistdental hygienist

4th year dental proper 4th year dental proper –– dental degreedental degree

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AGENCIES AND PROFESSIONAL AGENCIES AND PROFESSIONAL

ORGANIZATIONSORGANIZATIONS

1.1. Accredited professional organizationAccredited professional organization

2.2. Professional Regulations Commission and Professional Regulations Commission and Commission on Higher EducationCommission on Higher Education

3.3. Philippine CongressPhilippine Congress

Accredited professional organizationAccredited professional organization

PHILIPPINE DENTAL ASSOCIATIONPHILIPPINE DENTAL ASSOCIATION

-- Recommends mandatory continuing dental Recommends mandatory continuing dental educationeducation


-- Endorsed amendments to standardized Endorsed amendments to standardized guidelines for the implementation of guidelines for the implementation of

continuing professional educationcontinuing professional education

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-- Endorsed amendments to standardized Endorsed amendments to standardized guidelines for the implementation of guidelines for the implementation of

continuing professional educationcontinuing professional education

Philippine CongressPhilippine Congress

-- Enacts or Amends the laws as endorsedEnacts or Amends the laws as endorsed

School based programSchool based program

Masters degreeMasters degree

PhDPhD

SpecializationSpecialization

ContinuingContinuing

ProfessionalProfessional

Education (CPE)Education (CPE)

RegulatoryRegulatory

commissioncommission

Specialty affiliateSpecialty affiliate

Specialty boardSpecialty board

“BORDERLESS PRACTICE”“BORDERLESS PRACTICE”

�� Philippines a member of the Association of Philippines a member of the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN)South East Asian Nations (ASEAN)

�� Recognizes the “ASEAN Framework Recognizes the “ASEAN Framework Agreement on Services” (AFAS)Agreement on Services” (AFAS)

�� Is not currently implemented because of Is not currently implemented because of the differences in the differences in regulatory laws, regulatory laws, religion, and cultural practices religion, and cultural practices of each of each member countrymember country

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