1. Fractures & Complications

2. Fracture 3. Healing Process1. Hematoma cortical bone fracture results in torn blood vessels within haversian system2. Granulation clotting at fracture site3. Pro callus avascular bone replaced by living bone via resorption & bone deposition4. Callus formation (splint) new bone formation at edges of periosteum5. Remodeling replacement of mature lamellar bone 4. Healing Process (Cont.) 5. Soft-Tissue Healing After Trauma Disruption of circulatory & lymphatic systems;hemorrhage, fluid loss, cell death Norepinephrine Vessel constriction Serotonin & platelets Prolong vasoconstriction Histamine Vasodilation Increased permeability of venules 6. Bone Healing Complications Infection Delayed healing delayed union, malunion, or nonunion Fat emboli Osteoarthritis Soft tissue complications Musclespasm Neurovascular injury Compartment syndrome 7. Bone Infection- Osteomyelitis Hematogenous osteomyelitis Infection(Staph aureus) elsewhere in body- introduced into blood then boneEtiology Burns, CA tumor necrosis, sinus, periodontal orpressure ulcer infection Direct infection rt openfracture, penetrating wounds, surgical contamination, or prostheses insertion 8. Compartment Syndrome Vessels & nerves lie between muscles(compartment) & compressed reduces capillary flow muscle & nerves ischemic Etiology External compression- casts Decreased internal space IVinfiltration Crush injuries / bleeding/ tissue swelling 9. Acute Compartment Syndrome S&SComplications Pain Permanent loss of Paresthesia/paralysis function Pallor Limb contracture Pulselessness Necrosis Poikilothermia